UNESCO Strategy and Digital Policies for Teacher Training: The Deconstruction of Innovation in Spain

This paper examines initial teacher training policies in the context of youth digitalisation. Based on international ICT competency frameworks for teachers (UNESCO, 2008, 2019) and information literacy, MIL (UNESCO, 2011), we analyse how Spanish (public and private) universities represent digital innovation, and the identity practices of young people, linked to hyperconnectivity. Focusing on initial training received by future secondary teachers, the sample was selected according to the criteria of non-presential learning (online, distance, blended) applied in the teacher training process. Results confirm ongoing deficiencies in critical teacher digitalisation management, highlighting certain asymmetries between the categories constructed. Data reveals the prevalence of intervention more geared towards formal knowledge than towards decoding digital grammar (which is how digitalisation is used in education). The paper concludes by advocating convergence strategies as a circular mechanism that must underpin all teacher training policies in the age of hyperconnectivity.

La formación inicial docente en Chile: Una revisión bibliográfica sobre su implementación y logros

Introducción. En Chile, durante las últimas décadas se han implementado diversas políticas educativas orientadas a mejorar la formación inicial docente, con el propósito de impactar en la calidad del sistema educativo. Han sido varias las investigaciones que han descrito el resultado en la implementación de tales políticas. Objetivo. Se espera describir los hitos más importantes para la formación inicial del profesorado en Chile y analizar, con base en las investigaciones, los resultados de estas políticas. Análisis. Se efectúa una búsqueda de textos académicos publicados entre los años 2010 y 2019 presentes en las bases de datos Google Scholar, Web of Science y Scopus que contengan los conceptos: initial teacher training, educational policy y Chile. Resultados. Las políticas promovidas por el Estado han sido implementadas por las universidades que forman docentes. Asimismo, los resultados de la Prueba inicia, que evalúa los conocimientos disciplinarios y pedagógicos de estudiantes de la carrera de pedagogía que se encuentran en el último año de formación, demuestra que el profesorado no alcanza los estándares de desempeño esperados, cuyas debilidades son percibidas por las personas egresadas de las carreras. Conclusiones. Las políticas implementadas no lograron mantener un alza en el acceso a las carreras de pedagogía. Tampoco acortaron la distancia entre la formación universitaria con la formación práctica en los establecimientos educacionales, y existe una débil correlación entre los mecanismos de control instaurados. Como recomendaciones se propone ampliar los criterios de búsqueda integrando la política de gratuidad y década de los años noventa.

Multicultural Initial Teacher Training in Greece

Greece's demography has changed rapidly over the last 30 years. Migrants now form a sizable population but are still persistently excluded from mainstream conceptualizations and representations of the national ‘we'. Moreover, although multicultural classrooms have also become the norm, migrant students still face significant educational inequities. This chapter argues that a major stepping stone towards changing this adverse reality can come from the initial teacher training provided to future educators in Greece. Drawing upon teacher trainees' narratives, this chapter critically reflects upon the multicultural initial teacher training currently offered in Greece in an attempt to highlight how multicultural experiential learning contributes to the preparation of more multiculturally competent future educators. Illustrating good practice examples and areas in need of improvement in the training currently offered, this chapter also provides transferable guidelines for the creation of effective multicultural teacher training, based on equity and social justice principles.

Education for Ethnic-Racial Relations in the new Curriculum Guidelines and in the Common National Base for the Initial Training of Brazilian Teachers: Implications for the Teaching of Anti-Racist Science and Biology

By ethnic-racial relations one understands the relations established between ethnic groups whose base is guided by race category, seen on a social perspective. Schools should be an environment propitious to the promotion of Education for Ethnic-Racial Relations, the teacher being an indispensable agent in this process. The present study is characterized as documentary research with a qualitative approach that sought to analyze, in a comparative perspective, evidence of a proposal for Education for Ethnic-Racial Relations present and/or absent in the Curriculum Guidelines and in the Common National Base for Initial Teacher Training (Resolution 2/2019), as well as the possible implications for the teaching of anti-racist Science and Biology in Brazil. The study leads us to conclude that the new Curricular Guidelines and the Common National Base for the Initial Teacher Training do not bring concrete evidence of an effective proposal for Education for Ethnic-Racial Relations as proposed by Resolution 2/2015, which was hastily revoked by Resolution 2/2019. The absence of these indications tends to result in negative implications for the teaching of anti-racist Science and Biology, since it was previously supported, we had found in the guidelines for teacher training an alternative to insert the study of ethnic-racial relations in undergraduate courses in the area. We hope that this study will collaborate for research in the area of ​​teacher training and ethnic-racial relations in the teaching of Science and Biology, especially for educational policies aimed at training teachers.

Integración de la tecnología digital en el aula: Diseño de una propuesta formativa online desde una mirada de la práctica reflexiva

Ante la necesidad de crear espacios o contextos, tanto formales como informales, que supongan una conexión real del profesorado con su entorno, es que se presenta una propuesta de experiencia de aprendizaje diseñada para la Formación Inicial Docente (FID) sobre el pensamiento reflexivo, la integración de la tecnología digital en el aula y la Competencia Digital Docente (CDD) de estudiantes de Pedagogía en Chile. Dicha propuesta se centra en los círculos de reflexión pedagógica con el objetivo principal de explorar cómo se construye la práctica reflexiva durante las interacciones en línea, concretamente en sesiones asincrónicas por medio de foros de debate, a través del análisis del discurso del contenido generado en los mismos y si resulta ser una estrategia eficaz para el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento reflexivo al momento de analizar las prácticas docentes entorno a la integración de las tecnologías digitales en el aula. Encontrando preliminarmente cuatro categorías a la hora de justificar por parte del alumnado sobre qué definición de reflexión más se identifican. Y aludiendo a que cuando reflexionan sobre su quehacer docente al momento de integrar las tecnologías digitales en el aula lo hacen principalmente sobre las dimensiones del contenido y alumnado, siendo en menor medida el contexto sociopolítico. Faced with the need to create spaces or contexts, both formal and informal, that involve a real connection between teachers and their environment, a proposal for a learning experience designed for Initial Teacher Training (ITT) on reflective thinking, integration of digital technology in the classroom and the Teaching Digital Competence (TDC) of Pedagogy students in Chile. This proposal focuses on pedagogical reflection circles with the main objective of exploring how reflective practice is built during online interactions, specifically asynchronous sessions through discussion forums, through the analysis of the discourse of the content generated in them. and if it turns out to be an effective strategy for the development of reflective thinking skills when analyzing teaching practices around the integration of digital technologies in the classroom. Preliminarily finding four categories when justifying by the students about which definition of reflection they most identify. And alluding to the fact that when they reflect on their teaching work when integrating digital technologies in the classroom, they do so mainly on the dimensions of the content and students, being to a lesser extent the socio-political context.

The Relationship between Mindful Attention Awareness, Perceived Stress and Subjective Wellbeing

It has been suggested that mindfulness is a predictive factor in self-reported perceived stress. The present study aimed to investigate the link between mindful attention awareness, perceived stress and subjective wellbeing without the presence of a complementary intervention to promote mindfulness-based strategies. Methods: The online survey participants (N = 257) were university students enrolled in initial teacher training. Self-report measures included the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI). Results: PWI was negatively correlated with PSS (r = −0.550, p = .001), MAAS was negatively correlated with PSS (r = −0.567, p = .001) and positively correlated with PWI (r = 0.336, p = .001). The mean score for PSS (M = 20.61, SD = 6.62) was above the reported norm (14.2). Conclusions: The findings suggest that higher levels of mindful attention awareness may be associated with lower levels of perceived stress and higher subjective wellbeing levels and lower levels of perceived stress may be associated with higher subjective wellbeing. The findings confirm that pre-service teachers are a demographic that experiences elevated levels of perceived stress regardless of the stage in initial teacher training programs.

Prosocialness and Happiness in Chilean Student Teachers

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between prosocialness and happiness in a sample of student teachers (N=224, age=21.42). Adapted versions of a prosocialness scale and another on happiness were used. A structural equations model was estimated that presented a suitable fit (CFI=0.951; TLI=0.944 and RMSEA=0.065). The results yielded a positive relation between prosocialness and happiness. Its implications for initial teacher training are discussed.