On water solubility of С17–С24 alkylbenzolsulphoic acids used as an additive to motor oils

Using the nephelometric method, the water solubility of C17–C24 alkylbenzenesulfonic acids has been studied. The results of the study made it possible to develop a technique for measuring the solubility of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids used in the production of additives for motor oils. Using the methodology in scientific and industrial laboratories, it is possible to determine the content of ABSA in mixtures with water and to qualify this substance according to the criterion of water solubility when assigning the appropriate code in the Commodity Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activity.

Biological variation data for kidney function related parameter: serum beta trace protein, creatinine and cystatin C from 22 apparently healthy Turkish subjects

Objectives Biological variation is defined as the variation in analytical concentration between and within individuals, and being aware of this biological variation is important for understanding disease dynamics. The aim of our study is to calculate the within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) biological variations of serum creatinine, cystatin C and Beta trace protein (BTP), as well as the reference change value (RCV) and individuality indexes (II), which are used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate while evaluating kidney damage. Methods Blood samples were collected from 22 healthy volunteers for 10 consecutive weeks and stored at −80 °C until the day of analysis. While the analysis for serum creatinine was performed colorimetrically with the kinetic jaffe method, the nephelometric method was employed for cystatin C and BTP measurements. All analyses were carried out in a single session for each test. Results Analytical coefficient of variation (CVA) for serum creatinine, cystatin C and beta trace protein was 5.56, 3.48 and 5.37%, respectively. CVI and CVG: for serum creatinine: 3.31, 14.50%, respectively, for cystatin C: 3.15, 12.24%, respectively, for BTP: 9.91, 14.36%, respectively. RCV and II were calculated as 17.94%, 0.23 for serum creatinine, 13.01%, 0.26 for cystatin C, 31.24%, 0.69 for BTP, respectively. Conclusions According to the data obtained in our study, serum creatinine and cystatin C show high individuality, therefore we think that the use of RCV instead of reference ranges would be appropriate. Although II is found to be low for BTP, more studies are needed to support this finding.

Research of Technology of Producing Composite Fuel Based on Nephelometric Method

The article experimentally investigated that using a carboxylic acid (acetic acid), non-free radicals of saturated hydrocarbons (gasoline, kerosene, white alcohol, benzene, toluene, acids, etc.) are split and form free radicals, after which a chemical reaction occurs in as a result of which new connections are formed. A stable milk-emulsion composite fuel was obtained by the nephelometric method, with the following component ratio: 5:0.2:4.8 (50% gasoline, 2% glacial acetic acid, 48% ordinary water). After obtaining a stable milk-emulsion composite fuel, combustion was carried out and the process of stable combustion was determined. The pressure of the composite fuel in the container is increased to 3 kg/cm2 to obtain an aerosol at the nozzle outlet. The aerosol ignites inside the nichrome coil, the heating temperature is about 500 °C. To maintain the process of stable combustion of the composite fuel, the spiral is connected to a 20-volt voltage source.

Seasonal variation of some major ions in a tropical lagoon waters, Aby lagoon (Côte d’Ivoire): Relationship with temperature, salinity and pH

In response to continental inputs, the aim of this study was to know some major ions contents in Aby lagoon waters, according to seasons and in relation to temperature, salinity and pH. To do this, concentrations of major ions such as (sodium (Na +), potassium (K +), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) and sulphates (SO42-) of Aby lagoon waters are determined, according to seasons and in relation to temperature, salinity and pH. From September 2007 to July 2009, during monthly sampling campaigns, temperature, salinity and pH of lagoon’s waters were measured, in situ, at twenty (20) stations distributed along lagoon. Water samples were taken at these stations, at the depth of 0.2 m below the surface, to determine in laboratory, concentrations of major ions using standard methods (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry methods for sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium and Nephelometric method for sulphates). Seasonal variations of sodium, potassium and calcium concentrations are proportional to temperature, salinity and pH. These ions are under influence of oceanic waters inputs. In contrast, magnesium and sulphates are under anthropogenic influence, these concentrations are not proportional to temperature, salinity and pH. There are significant seasonal differences between major ions concentrations of waters from one season to another. Aby lagoon is under strong anthropogenic influence.

SPECIFIC PROPERTIES OF TUBULIN IN THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN CONTROL, SCHIZOPHRENIA AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of polymerization of tubulin into microtubules and determine the level of colchicine binding (colchicine-binding activity of tubulin) in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia, vascular dementia (VD) and control. Colchicine-binding activity of tubulin was determined by Sherlinе in tubulin-enriched extracts of proteins from the samples. Measurement of light scattering during the polymerization of the tubulin was carried out using the nephelometric method at a wavelength of 450-550 nm. There was a significant decrease in colchicine-binding activity and the rate of tubulin polymerization in the prefrontal cortex in both diseases, and in VD to a greater extent than in schizophrenia. The obtained results suggest that not only in Alzheimer's disease, but also in other mental diseases such as schizophrenia and VD, there is a decrease in the level of tubulin in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, although to a lesser extent than in Alzheimer's disease, and consequently the amount of microtubules.

Nephelometric Method for Determination of Growth Parameters of Chlorella Culture

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Arduino Uno-based water turbidity meter using LDR and LED sensors

Arduino Uno water turbidity gauge has been successfully designed and manufactured. This tool is made using LDR as sensor and led as a light source to measure the water turbidity value and Arduino Uno for data processing. The existence of this tool is already familiar and comfortable to find. However, the price is relatively higher to make this tool is only owned by certain circles only. Nephelometric Method is a method of measuring the turbidity of water by passing a light source on water so that the intensity of light reflected by the substances causing turbidity can be known. With the use of led as a light source and photodiode as a light detector, and combined with processing using Arduino Uno then the voltage obtained from the LDR sensor in the form of analog data is processed into digital data and can be displayed in the LCD.

Arduino Uno-based Water Turbidity Meter Using LDR and LED Sensors

Arduino Uno water turbidity gauge has been successfully designed and manufactured. This tool is made using LDR as sensor and led as a light source to measure the water turbidity value and Arduino Uno for data processing. The existence of this tool is already familiar and comfortable to find. However, the price is relatively higher to make this tool is only owned by certain circles only. Nephelometric Method is a method of measuring the turbidity of water by passing a light source on water so that the intensity of light reflected by the sub- stances causing turbidity can be known. With the use of led as a light source and photodiode as a light detector, and combined with processing using Arduino Uno then the voltage obtained from the LDR sensor in the form of analog data is processed into digital data and can be displayed in the LCD.