The Effect of Ammonium Bromide on Methylcellulose Biopolymer Electrolytes for Electrical Studies

The development of biopolymer electrolytes based on methylcellulose (MC) has been accomplished by incorporating ammonium bromide (NB) to the polymer-salt system. The biopolymer electrolytes were prepared via solution-casting method. The conductivity and permittivity characteristics of the material were studied. The biopolymer-salt complex formation have been analysed through Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The conductivity of the sample was measured by EIS HIOKI. Upon addition of 20 wt.% of NB, highest conductivity of 3.25×10-4 μScm-1 was achieved at ambient temperature. The temperature dependence of the biopolymer electrolytes exhibit Arrhenius behaviour. This result had been further proven in FTIR study.

Development of Technologies to Reduce Environmental Risk in Extracting Gold from Refractory Ores

The task of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union is to look for effective technologies to recover gold from refractory ores while reducing the environmental hazard of the operations. In order to solve this problem, the Jin Xing reactant (a salt complex) was developed in the Kyrgyz Republic in the course of studying alternative highly effective agents for gold recovery from gold-bearing ores of different genesis. Joint studies of the Full Gold Mining Company, the Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Tae Jin Xing Science and Environmental Technology Company justified the application efficiency of the developed Jin Xing reactant. The paper presents the results of testing the new agent at a real mining operation.

Structural, vibrational, electrical, electrochemical and capacitive investigations on ioinc liquid doped P (VDF-HFP) + NaSCN based polymer electrolytes

: Solid polymer electrolyte (SPEs) films based on poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) P(VDF– HFP) and sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) are prepared using the solution casting technique. Ionic liquid (IL; 1−ethyl-3- methyl−imidazolium tricyanomethanide ([EMIM][TCM]) is incorporated into the prepared polymer-salt complex matrix to further enhance its ionic conductivity. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) shows a change in the surface morphology of IL doped polymer electrolyte films. The composite nature of polymer electrolyte films is confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FT−IR) spectroscopy via studying ion-ion and ion-polymer interactions. The structural morphology of ionic liquid doped polymer electrolyte films (ILDPE) confirms the complexation between the ionic liquid ([EMIM][TCM]), salt (NaSCN) and polymer P(VDF–HFP). This is further confirmed using DSC and XRD measurements. The XRD structural analysis confirms the intensity of crystalline peaks presents in IL doped solid polymer electrolyte films decreases compared to that of pure polymer as well as polymer salt complex system. XRD clearly indicates the enhancement in its amorphous nature which is necessary to increase the conductivity. The incorporation of IL into polymer salt–complex matrix leads to changes in melting of polymer electrolytes, confirmed by DSC thermograms. Polymer electrolyte films are also characterized using impedance spectroscopy (IS) to check their electrical properties. The highest ionic conductivity is found to be 7.80×10-4 S cm-1 for 6 wt% IL doped polymer electrolyte film. The Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) analysis shows that the optimized polymer gel electrolyte is electrochemically stable up to 1.5 V. The calculated value of ionic transference number (tion) is found to be 0.985. A laboratory scale electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) has been fabricated using this highly conducting polymer electrolyte film. The specific capacitance value is found to be 1.31 F g-1.

Features of sanitary and hygienic characteristics of silvinite complexes

Currently, medical technologies based on natural factors are widely used in practical health care, including the effect of the medicinal properties of the mineral silvinite (natural potassium salts of the Verkhnekamsk Deposit) on the patient’s body. However, there is no regulatory framework for sanitary control of such devices. The aim of the study was to develop methodological approaches to the hygienic assessment of silvinite complexes. The analysis of the current regulations used in carrying out hygienic supervision and preventive measures in the salt structures that are part of the silvinite complexes is carried out. Based on long-term hygienic studies of silvinite structures by the salt treatment Center of Perm medical University. academician E. A. Wagner together with LLC NPK «Medical climate» (Tchaikovsky) developed and implemented sanitary and hygienic requirements for the created salt complexes. It is a complex of structural divisions, including the place of stay and treatment of patients, as well as the salt device. All units must meet the requirements of current sanitary rules and regulations. It is necessary to conduct a thorough survey of the location of the future salt complex. Optimal conditions of the internal environment in silvinite structures are determined by a special air preparation system consisting of air conditioning and cleaning of the external air using a filter-saturator. The special hygienic requirements of the sylvinite furniture in the room, the decoration of walls, ceilings and floors. The room must be equipped with radio equipment and a video camera for monitoring patients. Full expanded hygienic control of the parameters of the medical environment of silvinite premises should be carried out at least once a year according to the following indicators: microclimate parameters, content of multicomponent fine salt aerosol, aeroionic composition of the air environment, radiation background, microbial contamination of the internal environment, noise and light levels. Thus, increasing the use of salt therapy requires further research to improve the sanitary and hygienic control of silvinite complexes.

Soft salts based on platinum(ii) complexes with high emission quantum efficiencies in the near infrared region for in vivo imaging

A novel soft salt complex-based near infrared probe was successfully developed for application in in vivo imaging for the first time.

All good things come in threes: first example of a trimorphic, ternary molecular salt complex

A ternary complex made up of trinitrobenzene, 2-aminopyridinium and 9-anthracenecarboxylate crystallizes out in three polymorphic forms, giving yellow, orange and red coloured crystals.

NON-TRADITIONAL OIL AND GAS-PERSPECTIVE RESERVOIRS OF THE INTER-SALT COMPLEX OF THE PRIPYAT TROUGH

Lower Famenian inter-salt deposits (Belarus) have been studied comprehensively. The microlithofacies are as follows: laminated organic-carbonate-silica rock; massive limestone; radiolarite; algal limestone; massive dolomite; porous dolomite; dolomite of indistinct lumpy texture. Rocks contain pores of dissolved radiolarians, cracks of fluid auto-fracturing and weakened zones encountered in the secondary transformations. Rocks of Domanic type in the Central oil area of the Pripyat can be oil-bearing and oil-generating ones.