DEH-DoSv6: A defendable security model against IPv6 extension headers denial of service attack

With the rapid depletion of IPv4 protocol in these recent years, the IETF introduced IPv6 as a solution to address the exhaustion, however, as a new protocol exists, new characteristics have been introduced and new threats have been discovered. Extension Headers are the new characteristics of IPv6 that have an emerging and re-emerging security threats that is needed to be taken into consideration during the full migration to the IPv6 network. This study revealed that up to this moment, the popular vendors are still vulnerable and doesn’t have any default protection to deal with extension headers’ Denial of Service Attack (DoS). Also, this study leads to the development of new security model which creates a new solution to address the emerging threats of IPv6 extension headers’ Denial of Service Attack. Moreover, the results of this study show that our proposed security model is more effective in terms of neutralizing the unwanted traffic causing evasion attack by filtering, rate-limiting and discarding the malformed packets of prohibited extension headers’ payload versus the traditional router protection.

Breaking Free from Thermodynamic Constraints: Thermal Acclimation and Metabolic Compensation in a freshwater zooplankton species

Ectothermic organisms’ respiration rates are affected by environmental temperatures, and sustainable metabolism at high temperatures sometimes limits heat tolerance. Organisms are hypothesized to exhibit acclimatory metabolic compensation effects, decelerating their metabolic processes below Arrhenius expectations based on temperature alone. We tested the hypothesis that either heritable or plastic heat tolerance differences can be explained by metabolic compensation in the eurythermal freshwater zooplankton crustacean Daphnia magna. We measured respiration rates in a ramp-up experiment over a range of assay temperatures (5 °C - 37 °C) in 8 genotypes of Daphnia representing a range of previously reported acute heat tolerances and, in a narrower range of temperatures (10 °C - 35 °C), in Daphnia with different acclimation history (either 10°C or 25°C). We discovered no difference in temperature-specific respiration rates between heat tolerant and heat-sensitive genotypes. In contrast, we observed acclimation-specific compensatory differences in respiration rates at both extremes of the temperature range studied. Notably, there was a deceleration of oxygen consumption at higher temperature in the 25°C-acclimated Daphnia relative to their 10°C-acclimated counterparts, observed in active animals, a pattern corroborated by similar changes in filtering rate and, partly, by changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. A recovery experiment indicated that the reduction of respiration was not caused by irreversible damage during exposure to a sublethal temperature. Response time necessary to acquire the respiratory adjustment to high temperature was lower than to low temperature, indicating that metabolic compensation at the lower temperatures require slower, possibly structural changes.

An Absolute Phase Estimation Method for Interferometry Imagery

Accurate interpretation of interferometric image requires an extremely challenging task based on actual phase reconstruction for incomplete noise observation. In spite of the establishment of comprehensive solutions, until now, a guaranteed means of solution method is yet to exist. The initially observed interferometric image is formed by 2π-periodic phase image that wrapped within (-π, π]. Such inverse problem is further corrupted by noise distortion and leads to the degradation of interferometric image. In order to overcome this, an effective algorithm that enables noise suppression and absolute phase reconstruction of interferometric phase image is proposed. The proposed method incorporates an improved order statistical filter that is able to adjust or vary on its filtering rate by adapting to phase noise level of relevant interferometric image. Performance of proposed method is evaluated and compared with other existing phase estimation algorithms. The comparison is based on a series of computer simulated and real interferometric data images. The experiment results illustrate the effectiveness and competency of the proposed method.

An Absolute Phase Estimation Method for Interferometry Imagery

Accurate interpretation of interferometric image requires an extremely challenging task based on actual phase reconstruction for incomplete noise observation. In spite of the establishment of comprehensive solutions, until now, a guaranteed means of solution method is yet to exist. The initially observed interferometric image is formed by 2π-periodic phase image that wrapped within (-π, π]. Such inverse problem is further corrupted by noise distortion and leads to the degradation of interferometric image. In order to overcome this, an effective algorithm that enables noise suppression and absolute phase reconstruction of interferometric phase image is proposed. The proposed method incorporates an improved order statistical filter that is able to adjust or vary on its filtering rate by adapting to phase noise level of relevant interferometric image. Performance of proposed method is evaluated and compared with other existing phase estimation algorithms. The comparison is based on a series of computer simulated and real interferometric data images. The experiment results illustrate the effectiveness and competency of the proposed method.

Event Probability Based Priority Filter for Efficient Event Matching

Event matching plays a critical role in content-based publish/subscribe system. Most traditional methods focus on existing subscriptions separation and combination. However, an event usually comes with certain probability distribution in each dimension. Thus taking both existing subscriptions and probable coming event into consideration can improve event matching time efficiency. Based on that, we put forward PF (Priority Filter), a highly efficient event matching algorithm. By building up a unified model with historical subscriptions for continuous and discrete attributes, we derive formulas to calculate each attribute’s filtering rate. Besides, in order to guarantee time efficiency both in matching, inserting, and deleting, a red-black tree regarded as a priority filter is built up on all attributes according to filtering rate. Experiments demonstrate that PF has a 30% faster speed compared to existing methods with acceptable insertion and deletion time and memory consumption.

Dual Adaptive Filtering by Optimal Projection Applied to Filter Muscle Artifacts on EEG and Comparative Study

Muscle artifacts constitute one of the major problems in electroencephalogram (EEG) examinations, particularly for the diagnosis of epilepsy, where pathological rhythms occur within the same frequency bands as those of artifacts. This paper proposes to use the method dual adaptive filtering by optimal projection (DAFOP) to automatically remove artifacts while preserving true cerebral signals. DAFOP is a two-step method. The first step consists in applying the common spatial pattern (CSP) method to two frequency windows to identify the slowest components which will be considered as cerebral sources. The two frequency windows are defined by optimizing convolutional filters. The second step consists in using a regression method to reconstruct the signal independently within various frequency windows. This method was evaluated by two neurologists on a selection of 114 pages with muscle artifacts, from 20 clinical recordings of awake and sleeping adults, subject to pathological signals and epileptic seizures. A blind comparison was then conducted with the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) method and conventional low-pass filtering at 30 Hz. The filtering rate was 84.3% for muscle artifacts with a 6.4% reduction of cerebral signals even for the fastest waves. DAFOP was found to be significantly more efficient than CCA and 30 Hz filters. The DAFOP method is fast and automatic and can be easily used in clinical EEG recordings.

EFFICIENCY OF OIL REMOVAL FROM REAL STORM WATER WITH DIFFERENT SORBENTS / NAFTOS PRODUKTŲ ŠALINIMO IŠ PAVIRŠINIŲ NUOTEKŲ EFEKTYVUMAS NAUDOJANT SKIRTINGUS SORBENTUS

Suspended solids and oil products are considered as the most important pollutants in storm water. Surface water flow and changes in pollutant concentration complicate conventional matching techniques and prolong the duration of technological processes; therefore, a comprehensive study on this area is necessary. For this reason, the research and analysis of three different sorbents (“FIBROIL®”, “Duck”, “Reo-dry”) were performed in the laboratory. According to the results of the conducted experiment, all three sorbents have similar treatment efficiency: “FIBROIL®” – 99%, “Reo-dry” – 95%, “Duck” – 98%. Filtering rate had an influence on the effectiveness of removing petrol products (slower speed increases effectiveness). Santrauka Didžiausiais paviršinių nuotekų teršalais laikomi naftos produktai ir skendinčiosios medžiagos. Vienas iš efektyviausių naftos produktų šalinimo iš nuotekų būdų yra filtravimas pro sorbuojančiosios medžiagos filtrą. Paviršinių nuotekų tekėjimas ir teršalų koncentracijų kaita apsunkina įprastinių technologijų suderinamumą, pailgina technologinių procesų trukmės laiką, todėl yra būtini šios srities išsamūs tyrimai. Šiame darbe buvo atliktas trijų skirtingų sorbentų (,,FIBROIL®“, „Duck“, „Reo-dry“) šalinant iš paviršinių nuotekų naftos produktus eksperimentinis efektyvumo tyrimas. Atlikus bandymus laboratoriniame stende, nustatyta, kad visų trijų sorbentų efektyvumas, šalinant naftos produktus, panašus: ,,FIBROIL®“ – 99 %, ,,Reo-dry“ – 95 %, ,,Duck“ – 98 %. Naftos produktų šalinimo efektyvumą veikė filtravimo greitis (kuo mažesnis greitis, tuo didesnis efektyvumas).

Investigation for Modeling of Sessile Organisms on Coastal Floating Structures

Through the investigation about environmental impacts of Mega-Float, it is revealed that the effect of sessile organisms adhering on the floating structure is significant. However there had been little information about activities of the sessile organisms on floating structures and their influences on water and bottom quality. Therefore, some experiments were carried out to investigate the uncertain processes caused by the sessile organisms. An instrument called “Bell-jar”, which is composed of an enclosed container and several sensors for measuring water quality in it, was developed to measure the activities of sessile organisms on artificial bases set in Tokyo Bay. Through the experiments using Bell-jar, the consumption rate of dissolved oxygen and Chlorophyll-a, and emission rate of nutrients by the sessile organisms were measured. By fitting the model to these results, the parameters for activities of sessile organisms such as respiration rate and filtering rate were determined. The experiments have been carried out under various conditions of water temperature and salinity and it is clarified that the activities of sessile organisms very much depend on the water temperature and salinity. The behavior of particulate organic matters excreted from the sessile organisms is also investigated by laboratory experiments. These results were used to improving the model of sessile organisms, which is incorporated into the numerical ecosystem model for environmental impact assessment of very large floating structures.