Starting from The Reform of the Basic Economic System, We Should Truly Realize the Common Prosperity of Scientific Socialism

Starting from the basic economic system of true scientific socialism, this paper argues that in the development stage of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, we should continue to reform the existing Chinese economic system and make it conform to the nature of modern great productive forces so that it can give full play to the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of socialized great productivity organizers, intellectual property owners and human resource teams; That can not only promote the conscious development of economy, but also realize the conscious social fairness and common prosperity of social members under the new economic system.

Doses, methods and times of application of boron in soybean under field conditions

The boron (B) fertilization in soybean is important to ensure great yields. Boron correction must be applied in deficient soils repairing losses, exports and leaching. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of doses, methods and times of application of B in soybean B content and yield. The field experiments were conducted during the 2015/16 and 2016/17 cropping seasons and set as a randomized block design with nine treatments (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 kg ha-1 of B, 0.5 kg ha-1 of B mixed with NPK (02-28-18) in furrow during sowing, foliar application with 0.3 kg ha-1 of B in V4 soybean stage, foliar application with 0.3 kg ha-1 of B in R1 soybean stage, and foliar application of 0.15 kg ha-1 in V4 plus 0.15 kg ha-1 of B in R1 soybean stage) and four replications. Boric acid was the B source and the variables analyzed were: B leaf content, B exported in seeds, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds (g) and productivity (kg ha-1). The levels of B in leaf were between 30.1 and 43.8 mg kg-1 and between 65.0 and 92.6 mg kg-1 in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 growing season, respectively. Exports of B in seeds were estimated between 166 and 248 g ha-1 and between 208.9 to 260.8 g ha-1 in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 growing season, respectively. Great productivity (3,820 kg ha-1) was observed in the 2016/17 growing season, with an estimated dose of 0.95 kg ha-1 of B.

About agricultural manuals, gardens and coffee plantations: mosaics and landscape transformation in the Paraiba do Sul Valley, Brazil

Economic cycles have often become the landscape matrix, in a hybrid process of society-nature transformation, leaving distinct legacies in it. The coffee plantation showed great productivity in the Paraíba do Sul Valley to the detriment of forests, resulting in profound changes in geo-hydric cycles. Although the transformation by coffee has been significant on a spatial scale and in environmental changes, the Paraíba do Sul Valley landscape needs to be understood in a broader perspective. There were also other crops in the landscape inside or outside large estates. This work aims to recognize the spatial organization of these cultures and develop an understanding of the pattern of the coffee landscape, showing the performance of different social actors. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review and analysis of historical agricultural manuals. Spatializing such past activities and social groups in the landscape shows us what was previously hidden, omitted by the traditional historical narrative This research showed that colonial knowledge developed a landscape compartmentalization, spatializing the crops according to pedological and topographic evidence.

About agricultural manuals, gardens and coffee plantations: mosaics and landscape transformation in the Paraiba do Sul Valley, Brazil

Economic cycles have often become the landscape matrix, in a hybrid process of society-nature transformation, leaving distinct legacies in it. The coffee plantation showed great productivity in the Paraíba do Sul Valley to the detriment of forests, resulting in profound changes in geo-hydric cycles. Although the transformation by coffee has been significant on a spatial scale and in environmental changes, the Paraíba do Sul Valley landscape needs to be understood in a broader perspective. There were also other crops in the landscape inside or outside large estates. This work aims to recognize the spatial organization of these cultures and develop an understanding of the pattern of the coffee landscape, showing the performance of different social actors. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review and analysis of historical agricultural manuals. Spatializing such past activities and social groups in the landscape shows us what was previously hidden, omitted by the traditional historical narrative This research showed that colonial knowledge developed a landscape compartmentalization, spatializing the crops according to pedological and topographic evidence

Financial Frictions and the Great Productivity Slowdown

We study the role of financial frictions for productivity. Using a rich cross-country firm-level data, we exploit variation in preexisting exposure to the 2008 global financial crisis to study the post-crisis productivity slowdown. Firms with weaker precrisis balance sheets experienced a highly persistent decline in post-crisis total factor productivity growth relative to their less vulnerable counterparts, accounting for about one-third of the within-firm productivity slowdown. This decline was larger for firms that faced a more severe tightening of credit conditions. Financially fragile firms cut back on innovation activities, one channel through which financial frictions weakened post-crisis productivity growth.

Words, Characters, and Context: Giovan Maria Cecchi and the Language of Theatre

With over sixty plays to his credit, the Florentine notary Giovan Maria Cecchi (1518–87) was the most prolific Italian dramatist of the entire Renaissance. Not surprisingly, his fellow Florentines nicknamed him il Comico (the playwright) not only because of his great productivity, but also because of the unquestioned success of his works. In fact, his plays seemed to please audiences that ran the gamut from adolescent boys in confraternities to the grand-ducal court, from cloistered nuns in convents to carnival brigades of carefree young men. Clearly, Cecchi knew something about theatre and about audiences that worked to his advantage. This article proposes that Cecchi’s dramatic talent rested, in part, on his keen sense of language and on his ability to adapt it as required not only by the plots and characters of his plays, but also by his audiences, their context, and the changing social political situation of sixteenth-century Florence.

Vasiljevic’s collections of folk melodies: A Serbian musical treasure

Miodrag A. Vasiljevic (1903-1963) was given a unique opportunity to span two great developmental stages in the history of Serbian ethnomusicology, occurring in the middle of the 20th century. The first of them was between the two World Wars, the stage in which Serbian musical folklore became Vasiljevic?s life passion and in which he accomplished his early professional achievements. In the next stage, which started after World War II, he reached the zenith of his creation in slightly less than twenty years, setting new standards of the discipline, and providing fundamental directions for his successors, thereby immeasurably enlarging the corpus of collected material. Due all of these revolutionary innovations from the post-war period, Vasiljevic is rightly considered to be not only the founder of modern Serbian ethnomusicology, but also the first person in Serbia worthy of being called an ethnomusicologist in the full sense of the word. Of the numerous results by which Vasiljevic permanently indebted his people, the most pronounced does not belong to the category of pioneering endeavours, but is manifested in his melographic opus - an achievement which even today has not been surpassed in Serbia in terms of its span, scope and value. Such great productivity in recording resulted from the fact that Vasiljevic had been devoted to melography from his childhood, and most intensely from 1932 to the end of his life. The exact number of examples which Vasiljevic transcribed directly in the field before 1951 and those which he recorded on a tape-recorder after that time is still unknown, since many of them are still unavailable to the public, but it can be assumed that there are several thousand melodies in total. Among them are 3,198 which have already been published. That precious corpus of Vasiljevic?s available material is contained in twelve collections (the largest number ever regarding any collector in Serbia so far), issued from 1950 to 2009. The first four collections offer comprehensive material from Kosmet, Sandzak, Macedonia and the region of Leskovac, and they were edited by Vasiljevic himself during the last ten years of his life or so. Posthumous publications were devoted to Montenegro, Vojvodina, Resava and various parts of central Serbia, as well as to the repertoires of the famous singer Hamdija Sahinpasic (1914/16-2003) from Sandzak, and gypsy female singer Malika Jeminovic Kostana (1872?-1945) from the vicinity of Vranje. Until now there have still not been any comprehensive studies on Vasiljevic?s ethnomusicological activity, although there are valuable articles. In these, Vasiljevic?s melographic contribution is usually emphasised much more than his scientific one, which is much more modest in its scope. Since the existing writings mostly deal with collections published during his life, this paper results from the intention to give a complete picture of the material, so all Vasiljevic?s collections were critically considered according to the chronology of their publication. Each of the publications emerged to witness to both Vasiljevic as a field worker and to some of the important stages of his own ethnomusicological development. The last part of the text focuses on the fact that a decline in production of ethnomusicological collection publications has been evident in Serbia over the last few decades. Nowadays, this negative trend is conditioned by two key reasons. One is the perfected and easily available technology of digital audio recording and the copying of sound recordings. The second is reflected in the general developmental orientation of the discipline.