Octobrists and nationalists in the III and IV State Duma

The State Duma of the third and fourth convocations were represented by a wide range of factions, among which were intermediate groups, namely nationalists and Octobrists, conservative-liberal and liberal-conservative, respectively. In historical science, it is generally accepted that the only allies of the Octobrists (in the full sense of the word) were the All-Russian National Union. The purpose of the article is to determine the specifics of the relationship between Octobrists and nationalists in the III State Duma and in the Duma of the fourth convocation. The study is based on an array of sources on the work of both state dooms, as well as on articles and monographs on this issue. Based on the analysis of these sources and special literature, the main areas of activity of the two factions, the places of their rapprochement, the reasons for the separation of nationalists from the right-wing forces were identified. The work of the III State Duma is connected with the fact that not a liberal majority was formed, but the right, but at the heart of it was not the extreme right, but the October-nationalist bloc, but its stability was very controversial. The novelty of the study is a systematic and multilateral study of all the specifics of relations between the Union of October 17 and the All-Russian National Union, which may call into question the full solidarity of these factions on all issues from the III State Duma to 1917.

In The Face of Financialization: Cities and the Human Right to Adequate Housing

The right to housing is a human right with broad but frequently overlooked implications, particularly in the urban environment. This difficulty is heightened in the context of what is known as the “financialization of housing”. Financialization involves the interconnections between global financial markets and housing, and, at the extreme, has prompted a climate in which housing is conceived less as a social good and more as a commodity. The result of the financialization turn is cities with a severe lack of affordable housing, a reality that is now a global phenomenon. This naturally leads to economic exclusions and displacements from cities, but, on a deeper level, also entails major collective consequences for the social and cultural fabric. Financialization thus threatens the right to housing in cities, particularly when the right is examined and understood in its full sense. And yet, cities have a duty to ensure the right to housing even in the face of financialization. Drawing on the jurisprudence of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights through its individual communications procedure, the European Court of Human Rights, and domestic cases from South Africa and the United States, this paper aims to elucidate this duty of cities in the realm of housing. A substantive rather than purely procedural shape of protection for the right to housing is pushed, which deliberates the connections between housing and the wider societal context, and the implicated concerns of resources, property, and urban community. In present times, our appreciation of home as a necessary nexus of safety, comfort, and productivity has come to the fore, as have our fears around economic insecurity, forcing us to confront and closely interrogate the right to housing.

Analysis of rope based mechanism for movement of telescopic conveyor segments

The subject of analysis in this paper are rope based mechanisms for the movement of the telescopic conveyors substructure. Experimental test of ropes in conjunction with pulleys on 2 telescopic conveyors were performed in order to assess the real cause of damage and cracking of ropes in a full sense, which occurred in the real application of the conveyor at the site. These are examples of two conveyors with the same characteristics on which combinations of ropes with characteristics of construction of cross section 7x19 and construction of cross section 19x7 are placed, as well as combinations of pulleys with two kinds of grooves. Some specific tests are performed that showed the best combination of construction driving system elements.

The process of forming students’ pedagogical professionalism

Objectives of the study: Assessing the process of students’ forming pedagogical professionalism at Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE), Vietnam. Research Methods: We used the polling method through questionnaires to collect information for the research process. Two questionnaires were designed for two groups of subjects, group 1 for 203 students and group 2 for 18 administrators and lecturers. We use mathematical statistical methods, and data analysis to make judgments. Research results: A part of students do not have a full sense of pedagogical professionalism. The process of forming students’ pedagogical professionalism has not been clearly shaped from the identification and implementation of goals, principles, content and activities involved in this process. At the end of the study, we propose four measures to overcome the above limitations at HNUE.

Responsible Citizens, Irresponsible States

International and domestic laws commonly hold states responsible for their wrongdoings. States pay compensation for their unjust wars, and reparations for their historical wrongdoings. Some argue that states should incur punitive damages for their international crimes. But there is a troubling aspect to these practices. States are corporate agents, composed of flesh and blood citizens. When the state uses the public purse to finance its corporate liabilities, the burden falls on these citizens, even if they protested against the state’s policies, did not know about them, or entirely lacked channels of political influence. How can this “distributive effect” of state-level responsibly be justified? The book develops an answer to this question, which revolves around citizens’ participation in their state. It argues that citizenship can be a type of massive collective action, where citizens willingly orient themselves around the authority of their state, and where state policies are the product of this collective action. While most ordinary citizens are not to blame for their participation in their state, they nevertheless ought to accept a share of the remedial obligations that flow from their state’s wrongful policies. However, the distributive effect cannot be justified in all states. Specifically, in (some) nondemocratic states most citizens are not participating in their state in the full sense, and should not pay for their state’s wrongdoings. This finding calls then for a revision of the way we hold states responsible in both the domestic and international levels.

AVICENNA, FῙ AL-ʾUMŪR AL-KULLIYYA MIN ʿILM AL-ṬIBB, ED. NAJAFGHOLI HABIBI (HAMADAN, 2018)

That Ibn Sīnā’s “Canon of medicine” figures among the major classics of the history of medicine is doubted by no serious historian of medicine, eastern or western, Islamic or non-Islamic alike. It is therefore all the more surprising that so far no serious critical edition of this text was available. Certainly, a first, very timid step toward a really critical edition (published during the years 1982-1996) was made at the Institute of the History of Medicine and Medical Research (New Delhi), under the direction of Hakeem Abdul Hameed (1908-1999). It compared the four existing editions: Rome 1593; Būlāq (Cairo) 1877; Tehran (lithograph) 1878; and Lucknow 1905. In addition it used (a photocopy of) an ancient manuscript of Aya Sophia, dated 618, i. e. MS Aya Sophia 3686. With this new edition a further important step toward a full critical edition is made. Even if it is obvious that it does not yet present a “critical edition” in the full sense of the word, it has important merits.

Body schema dynamics in Merleau-Ponty

This chapter presents an account of Merleau-Ponty’s interpretation of the body schema as an operative intentionality that is not only opposed to, but also complexly intermingled with, the representation-like grasp of the world and one’s own body, or the body image. The chapter reconstructs Merleau-Ponty’s position primarily based on his preparatory notes for his 1953 lecture ‘The Sensible World and the World of Expression’. Here, Merleau-Ponty elaborates his earlier efforts to show that the body schema is a perceptual ground against which the perceived world stands out as a complex of perceptual figures. The chapter clarifies how Merleau-Ponty’s renewed interpretation of the figure-ground structure makes it possible for him to describe the relationship between body schema and perceptual (body) image as a strictly systematic phenomenon. Subsequently, the chapter shows how Merleau-Ponty understands apraxia, sleep, and perceptual orientation as examples of dedifferentiation and subtler differentiation of the body-schematic system. The last section clarifies how such body-schematic differentiating processes give rise to relatively independent superstructures of vision and symbolic cognition which constitute our body image. It, moreover, explains how, according to Merleau-Ponty, the cognitive superstructures always need to be supported by praxic operative intentionality to maintain their full sense, even though, in some cases, they have the power to compensate for praxic deficiencies.

Peran Syeikh dalam Pembentukan Karakter Generasi Ranah Minangkabau Sumatera Barat di Lembaga Pendidikan Surau

A good nation is a nation that has a character that is manifested in thoughts, feelings, attitudes, behaviors, and configurations that are based on religious, legal, customary, religious, and cultural values. Not a drug addict, which will damage the morals of religion and culture. To realize a generation of character, the role of the Syeikh is needed in the formation of the character of the generation of the Minangkabau realm of West Sumatra in the Surau educational institution. The purpose of the study is to study the character shape of students, the role of the Syeikh in character formation. As a result of research, research is conducted by collecting data through interviews, observation, documentation. While the forms of character instilled religious values, discipline, honesty, independence is hard work full of creativity, curiosity with the full sense of responsibility. Sheikh managed to become a good character, instilling good and responsible habits, encouraging and innovating.

Peran Syeikh dalam Pembentukan Karakter Generasi Ranah Minangkabau Sumatera Barat di Lembaga Pendidikan Surau

A good nation is a nation that has a character that is manifested in thoughts, feelings, attitudes, behaviors, and configurations that are based on religious, legal, customary, religious, and cultural values. Not a drug addict, which will damage the morals of religion and culture. To realize a generation of character, the role of the Syeikh is needed in the formation of the character of the generation of the Minangkabau realm of West Sumatra in the Surau educational institution. The purpose of the study is to study the character shape of students, the role of the Syeikh in character formation. As a result of research, research is conducted by collecting data through interviews, observation, documentation. While the forms of character instilled religious values, discipline, honesty, independence is hard work full of creativity, curiosity with the full sense of responsibility. Sheikh managed to become a good character, instilling good and responsible habits, encouraging and innovating.

Artefacts: the big picture in broad terms

My aim in this programmatic paper is to explore the relationship among three important notions: intentionality, disposition and artefact. There wouldn’t be artefacts without what I call “intentional work,” a sustained activity directed to the production of some good. I first present contextualism as a method. Then I use it to delimit the problematic concept ARTEFACT, with the intention to apply it to repertoires of mental dispositions that affect directly our personal identity. The unavoidable but loose criterion of human intervention is used, at least to some degree. Attitudes are intentional states with conceptual content, and concepts are dispositions. We acquire concepts during our lives, sometimes unconsciously, sometimes explicitly through definition of some kind, and each cognitive agent has a unique repertoire of concepts and a unique idiolect as well. The idea that our mental representations (at least some of them) are artefacts might sound strange at first sight, but I shall try to show that it makes full sense. Most of our mental dispositions –those provided with a conceptual content– are themselves artefacts. At the end, we are all different psychologically and culturally because our idiolects and repertoires of concepts are different. For a large part, what makes our species so special is an ongoing process through which homo sapiens makes itself what it is.Keywords: Intentionality, disposition, artefact, contextualism, repertoire.