Advanced Driver-Assistance System with Traffic Sign Recognition for Safe and Efficient Driving

Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) coupled with traffic sign recognition could lead to safer driving environments. This study presents a sophisticated, yet robust and accurate traffic sign detection system using computer vision and ML, for ADAS. Unavailability of large local traffic sign datasets and the unbalances of traffic sign distribution are the key bottlenecks of this research. Hence, we choose to work with support vector machines (SVM) with a custom-built unbalance dataset, to build a lightweight model with excellent classification accuracy. The SVM model delivered optimum performance with the radial basis kernel, C=10, and gamma=0.0001. In the proposed method, same priority was given to processing time (testing time) and accuracy, as traffic sign identification is time critical. The final accuracy obtained was 87% (with confidence interval 84%-90%) with a processing time of 0.64s (with confidence interval of 0.57s-0.67s) for correct detection at testing, which emphasizes the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Distribution and duration of signs and parts of speech in Swedish Sign Language

In this paper, we investigate frequency and duration of signs and parts of speech in Swedish Sign Language (SSL) using the SSL Corpus. The duration of signs is correlated with frequency, with high-frequency items having shorter duration than low-frequency items. Similarly, function words (e.g. pronouns) have shorter duration than content words (e.g. nouns). In compounds, forms annotated as reduced display shorter duration. Fingerspelling duration correlates with word length of corresponding Swedish words, and frequency and word length play a role in the lexicalization of fingerspellings. The sign distribution in the SSL Corpus shows a great deal of cross-linguistic similarity with other sign languages in terms of which signs appear as high-frequency items, and which categories of signs are distributed across text types (e.g. conversation vs. narrative). We find a correlation between an increase in age and longer mean sign duration, but see no significant difference in sign duration between genders.

Assignment of the Absolute Configuration of Monofunctional Compounds by Double Derivatization

The assignment of secondary alcohols can be carried out by using one of several CDAs [13–15]. The most used and most reliable ones are MPA, 9-AMA, and MTPA [35–40]. Figure 3.1 shows their structures, the correlation models, and a summary of the experimental conditions. MPA and 9-AMA esters share the same conformational composition [37, 39] and only differ in the intensity of their shieldings; therefore both auxiliaries present the same correlation between sign distribution and stereochemistry. MTPA has a different conformational composition and correlation model [38]. As shown in Chapter 1, MPA esters of secondary alcohols and other AMAA esters (e.g., 9-AMA esters) are composed of two sp/ap conformers in fast equilibrium [37, 39]. The sp conformer is more stable than the ap conformer, and this allows the NMR spectrum of an AMAA ester to be interpreted as if it had originated from just the sp form: carbonyl, Cα, and methoxy groups in the auxiliary part and a methine group (Cα′-H) at the alcohol moiety are in the same plane. When we consider this conformation in the (R)- and the (S)-AMAA esters, the L1 group is located under the shielding cone of the aryl in the (R)-AMAA ester, while the L2 is shielded in the (S)-AMAA ester (we strongly recommended that the reader builds Dreiding, or similar, models to assist in visualizing this spatial array). A subtraction defined as the chemical shift in the (R)-AMAA ester minus that in the (S)-AMAA ester results in a negative value for L1 and a positive one for L2 (i.e., negative ΔδRS for L1 and positive ΔδRS for L2). Therefore, for any secondary alcohol derivatized as an AMAA ester, the protons showing a positive ΔδRS sign are located in the tetrahedron around the asymmetric carbon (Cα′) as L2 (at the back) while the protons resulting in a negative ΔδRS take the position of L1.

Dominant Modes of Tropospheric Ozone Variation over East Asia from GOME Observations

The variation in tropospheric ozone over East Asia was analyzed using tropospheric column ozone data measured by the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) satellite. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis was carried out to derive the dominant modes of the variation in the tropospheric ozone volume-mixing ratio (TOVMR). The EOF1 mode, which explained 61.5% of the total variance, showed a same-sign distribution over all of East Asia, with a belt of enhanced ozone concentrations around 40°N. The principal component of EOF1 (PC1) suggested that photochemical ozone production together with Brewer-Dobson circulation and subtropical westerly jet plays important roles in modulating the seasonal variation of the TOVMR; ozone-rich air produced by photochemical processes was transported from the stratosphere to the troposphere by BD circulation and this ozone-rich air was then blocked by the subtropical westerly jet and accumulated north of the jet. The EOF2 mode explained 29.2% of the total variance with an opposite-sign pattern on the north and south side of 35°N. When anticyclonic circulation transported ozone-poor air from the upwelling area over the Bay of Bengal towards the Tibetan Plateau during the onset of the Asian summer monsoon, tropospheric ozone in this region decreased dramatically.

EYE ON CHINA

China Biologic receives GMP certification at its Guizhou Taibang facility. Hua Medicine's novel glucokinase activator reports positive Phase 1a data for diabetes and initiates Phase 1b trials. QIAGEN launches QuantiFERON-TB gold in-tube in China to aid tuberculosis control. AirWare Labs expands manufacturing and sales into China. Global Partners SillaJen, Transgene and Lee's Pharmaceutical confirm clinical development plan for Pexa-Vec. Gyros and Tekon Biotech sign distribution agreement. AstraZeneca and Shenzhen University Health Science Center to collaborate on chronic kidney disease. Bayer Healthcare to significantly increase production capacity in China.

The Application of the Moving Object Detection in HD Video Surveillance System

Today the existing image processing systems widely used standard definition resolution. Which is not enough distinct. High definition (HD) and intelligence gradually become the developing trend of the image acquisition and processing system. Motion detection plays an important role in video surveillance system. The sign distribution features will be covered up by the use of the absolute differential image. In this article, a method to determine the motion direction of moving objects by using the sign distribution features in the differential image of two consecutive frames is proposed. To extract the characteristics of the moving object regions,Other parts as the background image is still. The transmission should been stopped, if there is no moving object. These should save storage space and reduce the demand for network speed. Experimental results show that algorithm of the method is suitable for computer processing.