Spectrum of HRCT findings among asymptomatic and recovered COVID-19 patients: how did they impact the clinical decision?

Background Decisions about asymptomatic COVID-19 patients are always critical, either during initial screening or during recovery. Spread of infection will be inevitable if those patients were left non-isolated. This study aimed not only to survey spectrum of HRCT findings of COVID-19 among asymptomatic and recovered patients but also to record unexpected results and document their impact upon the clinical decision. Results The study was retrospectively conducted, during June and July 2020, on 120 patients proved with COVID-19, during initial HRCT screening or delayed following announcement of recovery. All patients were completely asymptomatic. They included 72 males and 48 females (60%:40%). Their age ranged from 10 to 58 years (mean 35.95 ± 12.25 SD). HRCT was analyzed by three expert consultant radiologists in consensus. Among asymptomatic initially screened COVID-19 patients, additional to GGOs, bilateral consolidative changes were unexpectedly found together with secondary fibrosis (23.3% and 10%). HRCT results significantly impacted the clinical decision (P < 0.0001); PCR had to be repeated with home isolation (43.3%). Infected health care providers had to stop their duty immediately (20%). Isolated hospitalization replaced routine ward admission (25%). Cautious surgical interference was performed using full personal protective equipment (PPE) (8.3%). Among asymptomatic recovered COVID-19 patients, unexpected large lesions (> 3 cm) were found (70%). Near 50% of lung volume was persistently affected (10%). Secondary fibrosis was striking (33%). Encysted hydro-pneumothorax persisted for a whole month (1.7%). “No-isolation” decision remained unchanged because of clinical and laboratory stability; however, steroids were prescribed to speed lung recovery. Conclusion HRCT findings among asymptomatic and recovered COVID-19 patients can be unexpected and can definitely impact the clinical decision.

"Diriliş" by the perspective of expert historiansUsta tarihçilerin bakış açısı ile “Diriliş Dizisi”

<p>Since December 2014, “Diriliş Dizisi” which is published uninterruptedly every week totally 26 episodes in TRT is closely watched by a large audience notably government in Turkey. It has been interest subject of frequentative historicity of series with music and costumes in the process. For this purpose, it is planned to be discussed on the historicity of series with thirteen historian who are defined by “master” in the field. Five of those discontinue to interview to don’t watch the series for some reason. Eight historian who said that watched regularly the series was carry out interviewers. Some of data one on one and the others through mail are obtained. Interviewers were applied to a form with 17 items about the series. The resulting data, the success of historicity of the series and deficient historicity main axis were evaluated. According to historians interviewed “diriliş” series “in general” it has been successful. Interview almost all of historians have been found very successful especially the costumes, dress that are represent. Still almost all these historians normally have been met unsuitable with certain historical facts because of based on a scenario of series. In contrast, they found fault point expressed in many articles regarding the historicity of the material. A large number of a support that is given by expert consultant team will prevent this obvious mistake. Again a large part of the master historian, as in the example “diriliş” stated that they welcome the expansion of the historical series.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Aralık 2014 yılından beri TRT’de 26 bölümü kesintisiz olarak her hafta yayınlanan <em>“Diriliş Dizisi”</em> Türkiye’de başta devletin üst kademeleri olmak üzere geniş bir kitle tarafından ilgiyle takip edilmektedir. Süreç içinde müziği ve kostümleriyle sık gündeme gelen dizinin tarihselliği merak konusu olmuştur. Bu amaçla alanında “usta” olarak tanımlanan on üç tarihçiyle dizinin tarihselliği üzerine görüşülmesi planlanmıştır. Görüşüne başvurulan beş tarihçi diziyi çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı izleyemedikleri için görüşmeyi sürdürmemişlerdir. Düzenli olarak diziyi izlediğini söyleyen sekiz tarihçi ile kapsamlı görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Verilerin bir kısmı birebir görüşme yoluyla bir kısmı ise elektronik ortamda yazışmalar ile elde edilmiştir. Görüşmecilere dizi hakkında 17 maddelik bir form uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, dizinin tarihselliğinin başarısı ve eksikleri ana ekseninde değerlendirilmiştir. Görüşülen tarihçilere göre <em>“Diriliş”</em> dizisi “genel olarak” başarılı bulunmuştur. Görüşme yapılan tarihçilerin tamamına yakını özellikle kostümler, kılık kıyafetler temsilini oldukça başarılı bulmuştur. Yine bu tarihçilerin tamamına yakını, dizinin bir senaryoya dayanması nedeniyle bazı tarihsel gerçeklere uymamasını normal karşılanmıştır. Buna karşın görüşüne başvurulan tarihçiler dizinin tarihselliğine ilişkin pek çok maddede hatalı buldukları noktaları dile getirmiştir. Dizinin çok daha geniş bir uzman danışman kadrosunca desteklenmesinin bu bariz hataları önleyeceği belirtilmiştir. Usta tarihçilerin yine büyük bir kısmı, “Diriliş” örneğinde olduğu gibi tarihsel dizilerin yaygınlaşmasından memnuniyet duyduklarını ifade etmişlerdir.</p>

‘Experts in truth?’: the politics of retribution in Italy and the role of historians

There have been many reflections on the relations between the judge and the historian which have concentrated on the differences between these two figures: but what happens in cases where an historian collaborates openly with a judge as an expert consultant? What happens when an investigative office, or a court, asks an historian to reconstruct an event which is subject to a judicial procedure, or when he or she has to pronounce the ‘last word’ on an event or a document? Or, in another possible scenario, what happens when a community asks an historian to pronounce on what happened in the past, in order to ascertain which, between two contesting memories of the representation of an event, is the one which corresponds to what ‘really happened’? In these cases historians are sought out to establish the truth–their professional skills as ‘truth experts’ are called upon. And there is an extraordinary faith that the truth will be discovered. The author reflects on these issues, using as a starting point his own personal experiences as a consultant in some recent Italian war-crimes trials.