Germanizmy emotywno-oceniające w gwarach kujawskich: nazwy osób

Emotive-Evaluative Germanisms in the Kuyavian Dialect: Names of Persons The article contributes to the knowledge on the sources of lexical borrowings from German into Polish dialects. The subject of the analysis includes selected names of persons that are Germanisms, characterized by expressiveness, and documented in the Kuyavian dialect. The vocabulary of this region has never been studied in this aspect. The material was taken from the 1st Volume of The Dialect and Culture Dictionary of Kuyavia, and from its file. The term “Germanism” is understood broadly in this paper. Germanisms are considered not only as proper borrowings from the German language and dialects, but also as derivatives which were created in the native Kuyavian land on the basis of German original forms, using various nominative techniques. Four ways of penetrating the German influence into the Polish language were indicated. Various criteria were used in the analysis of these German loans: formal, etymological, semantic and geographical ones. A typology of expressivisms, developed by Stanisław Grabias, was utilised. The article presents seventeen Germanisms in the Kuyavian dialect that define a man in terms of his physicalness, psyche and material status, in the context of the comparison with the semantically similar vocabulary in other regions of Poland and with non-general varieties of Polish. These are names that mostly reflect negative valuation (e.g. gałgan, fagas, huncwot, rojber, ekensztyjer, lofer, lump), and that are already present in the meanings and expressiveness of the German basic forms.

Areal variation in Middle High German

Using the Corpus der altdeutschen Originalurkunden ‘Corpus of Old German Original Charters’ (Wilhelm et al. 1932–2004), we will show that charters offer valuable information on dialectological differences during the Middle High German period. This text genre is unsurpassed in terms of its geographical resolution even though it faces certain challenges due to its partially formulaic style. With two well-known phenomena, i.e. inflected forms of the infinitive (‘gerunds’) and so-called ‘contracted’ verbs like haben/hân ‘have’, we will show how these materials can be analysed and put into perspective with other sources like the new Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik by Klein, Solms & Wegera (2018).

Evaluating Digitization Projects in Retail: Presentation of the CIES Model and Call for Research

Stationary retail is increasingly under pressure. Digitization continues to advance rapidly and allows retailers numerous opportunities for innovation. Accordingly, the evaluation and prioritization of digitization projects is a challenge. This paper presents the CIES Model (German original: "KIEN" Model), which was created by Deckert and Wohllebe (2021) for the description of digitization projects. The acronym CIES stands for Customer Benefit, Implementation, Efficiency and Sustainability. According to the inventors of the model, a consideration of these four aspects allows a comprehensive evaluation of digitization projects. The individual aspects are broken down into sub-aspects. Possibilities for practical application are outlined. In addition, there is a call to apply the model in practice-oriented research and to report on the results in research papers.

Verbunden, nicht vermischt. Zum Verhältnis physiologischer und transzendentalphilosophischer Erklärungen bei Kant

In his appendix to Soemmerring’s On the organ of the soul, Kant famously rejects the idea of a local presence or seat of the soul in the brain as fundamentally misguided. „By contrast, a virtual presence“ of the soul, considered as a conceptual construct, is said to make it possible to treat „the question regarding the sensorium commune as a merely physiological task“. Where Kant’s German original reads „möglich“, Arnulf Zweig in The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant translates surprisingly as „impossible“. This cardinal error shall be communicated to readers who do not habitually consult the German original. Against this background, I illuminate the Kantian position (1) with in-depth material from Kant’s respective drafts and (2) in contrast to the syncretistic–materialistic approach of Johann Jacob Wilhelm Heinse.

THE CHURCH HYMN “CHRIST RECEIVETH SINFUL MEN”: ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE GERMAN ORIGINAL AND ITS ADAPTATION BY AMERICAN AND KOREAN HYMNALS

In the 19th century, German Protestant hymns were translated into English and have been sung in its language area. By evangelizing Korea, Western – including some German – church hymns were introduced. However, it is noticeable that content as well as linguistic and musical differences between the German and Korean versions could occur in the translation process. This paper examines one particular church hymn, namely “Christ Receiveth Sinful Men”, that was included in the Korean hymnals at the end of the 19th century. This church hymn has an interesting history; its text is originally from Germany, whereby the origin of the music is the United States. This paper explores the questions of how the text and the music were combined and how changes took place in their transmission. Methodologically, sources were compared that were relevant at the time of adaption. The intercultural relationships between the hymns of other countries would be of interest not only to hymnological scholars, but also to missiologists and musicologists, as well as church musicians.

ON THE TRANSLATION OF KARL MARX'S 11-th THESIS ON FEUERBACH: THE CORRELATION OF THEORY AND PRACTICE IN HISTORY AND POLITICS

The purpose of the article is to analyze the translation into Russian of Karl Marx's 11-th thesis on Feuer-bach. The main content of the study is the analysis and interpretation of Marx's judgment content on the correlation between theory and practice in the life of a man and society. Based on the results of the re-search the author concludes that the currently used version of Karl Marx's 11-th thesis on Feuerbach translation significantly changes its meaning. The study conducted made it possible to substantiate thoughtfully the necessity to change Karl Marx's 11-th thesis translation in his work «Theses on Feuer-bach» and give a new version of its translation, reflecting the essence of the German original text word-ing.

A Latin Poem Translated into Russian in 1670: A Panegyric in Praise of King Louis XIII from Antoine de Pluvinel’s Book “Maneige Royal”

This paper offers an analysis of an early prose translation of a Latin panegyrical poem into Russian. The poem, “In lavdem Lvdovici XIII” was written by Peter / Petrus / Pierre Valens in 1623 or earlier. It was included in the book “Maneige Royal”, first published in 1623 under the name of A. de Pluvinel, who was the riding teacher of the young King Louis XIII. The book was translated into Russian in 1670, albeit not from the original French edition, but from the German version in the bilingual edition “Maneige Royal / Königliche Reitschul”, published in Braunschweig, 1626. The book's Russian title is a verbatim translation of the German one, “Korolevskaia ezdnaia shkola”. The translation is known from two copies: RNB, F.XI.1 (Saint Petersburg), and as one of the texts in the Codex AD 10 (Västerås, Sweden). Our analysis leads to the conclusion that both the translation itself and the two copies most probably were made at the Ambassadorial Chancery (Posol'skii prikaz). The translation of the Latin panegyrical poem shows that the translator understood the Latin text quite well, although it contains a few isolated errors. At the same time, some of these mistakes might have been the result of misprints in the German original, or they may have been caused by the copyist who produced the fair copy. It seems very likely that the translation of the Latin poem (as well as of the entire book) was made by the translator Ivan Tiazhkogorskii, who knew all three languages used in the book (German, Latin, and French). Although Tiazhkogorskii for the most part translated texts from his native language, German, he was able to make decent translations also from Latin and French; however, historical, political and above all mythological allusions caused a few difficulties.

The Significance of Translation for Philosophical Education (On the Example of the Ukrainian Translation of Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason)

The paper deals with the Ukrainian translation of Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (1781/87). We tried to answer the question of whether the Ukrainian reader who is willing to understand Kant's argument but does not understand the German original would be able to understand it by using only accessible now Ukrainian translation of this text. After checking the adequacy of terminological patterns applied in the translation and the correctness of the interpretation of overly complex syntax used by Kant, we concluded that it is impossible to understand Kant's argument by reading only accessible now Ukrainian translation of this text. It is noted that an unavoidable condition for a professional translation's success is the professional community's agreement on how specific terms of a particular author should be translated so that there could not be any terminological confusion during discussions. It is unacceptable when different words in the original language denote the same term in the original. The translation is always an interpretation. Consequently, the reader has to interpret the interpretation, so the translator's maximum task is to preserve the original meaning's multidimensionality as much as possible. However, it is, of course, impossible to achieve the multidimensionality inherent in the original completely. We concluded that the translator of a classical philosophical text should be a researcher who has proven his or her understanding of both the text he or she translates and the tradition to which this text belongs. All these conditions were not adequately met in the case of the translation of Kant's Critique. Due to many inconsistencies in the available Ukrainian translation of the Critique of Pure Reason, errors in the interpretation of the Kant's syntax, and sometimes even Kant's vocabulary, the reader will not be able to understand the key Kant terms.

Herder Publishers and the Second Vatican Council

This article examines the contribution made by the publishing house of Herder to the reception of the teaching and decisions of Vatican II (1962–1965). This input began with the five volumes of Commentary on the Documents of Vatican II (German original 1966–1968), edited by Herbert Vorgrimler and including contributions from twenty-one authors who had played roles in drafting the Council’s sixteen documents and could expound from the inside the authorial intentions ( intentio auctoris) of these texts. The subsequent five volumes of the Herders Theologischer Kommentar (2004–2009), edited by Peter Hünermann, could also explore the post-Vatican II history of interpretation and implementation of the conciliar texts (the intentio textus) and the insights of readers with their different questions and expectations (the intentio legentis).

Two Forest Kings? Literary sources of V. Zhukovsky’s translation of the ballad Erlkönig

The article contains a comparative analysis of early European interpretations of Goethe’s poem Erlkönig and hypothesizes that it was under their influence that Zhukovsky introduced significant innovations in his translation. Already in the first English translations by M. G. Lewis and W. Scott, translators dispense with the naturphilosophical implication of Goethe’s original and enhance its folkloric dimension; the plot is structured according to the pre-romantic and romantic folk legends of evil and many-voiced forest ‘kings.’ The early French versions embark on a new tradition of ‘translating’ the title into the native language, revealing the semiotics of the image and making it more recognizable by a foreign culture. Zhukovsky’s idea of the Forest King is shaped by his contemporary culture; he integrates the German original not only into Russian demonology as described by Russian lexicons of the early 19th c., but also into the set of translation practices already established at the time when he was writing his ballad.