Alcohol intoxication and lack of helmet use are common in electric scooter-related traumatic brain injuries: a consecutive patient series from a tertiary university hospital

Purpose Clinicians have increasingly encountered traumatic brain injuries (TBI) related to electric scooter (ES) accidents. In this study, we aim to identify the modifiable risk factors for ES-related TBIs. Methods A retrospective cohort of consecutive patients treated for ES-related traumatic brain injuries in a tertiary university hospital between May 2019 and September 2021 was identified and employed for the study. The characteristics of the accidents along with the clinical and imaging findings of the injuries were collected from the patient charts. Results During the study period, 104 TBIs related to ES accidents were identified. There was a high occurrence of accidents late at night and on Saturdays. In four cases, the patient’s helmet use was mentioned (3.8%). Seventy-four patients (71%) were intoxicated. At the scene of the accident, seventy-seven (74%) of the patients had a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13–15, three patients (3%) had a score of 9–12, and two patients (2%) had a score of 3–8. The majority (83%) of TBIs were diagnosed as concussions. Eighteen patients had evidence of intracranial injuries in the imagining. Two patients required neurosurgical procedures. The estimated population standardized incidence increased from 7.0/100,000 (95% CI 3.5–11/100,000) in 2019 to 27/100,000 (95% CI 20–34/100,000) in 2021. Conclusions Alcohol intoxication and the lack of a helmet were common in TBIs caused by ES accidents. Most of the accidents occurred late at night. Targeting these modifiable factors could decrease the incidence of ES-related TBIs.

Development of a plug-in fuel cell electric scooter with thermally integrated storage system based on hydrogen in metal hydrides and battery pack

The thermal management of lithium-ion batteries in hybrid electric vehicles is a key issue, since operating temperatures can greatly affect their performance and life. A hybrid energy storage system, composed by the integration of a battery pack with a metal hydride-based hydrogen storage system, might be a promising solution, since it allows to efficiently exploit the endothermic desorption process of hydrogen in metal hydrides to perform the thermal management of the battery pack. In this work, starting from a battery electric scooter, a new fuel cell/battery hybrid powertrain is designed, based on the simulation results of a vehicle dynamic model that evaluates power and energy requirements on a standard driving cycle. Thus, the design of an original hybrid energy storage system for a plug-in fuel cell electric scooter is proposed, and its prototype development is presented. To this aim, the battery pack thermal power profile is retrieved from vehicle simulation, and the integrated metal hydride tank is sized in such a way to ensure a suitable thermal management. The conceived storage solution replaces the conventional battery pack of the vehicle. This leads to a significant enhancement of the on-board gravimetric and volumetric energy densities, with clear advantages on the achievable driving range. The working principle of the novel storage system and its integration within the powertrain of the vehicle are also discussed.

Effect of Increase in the Price of Petroleum and Increase in the Sales of Electric Scooter

Our paper is among the first to measure the potential effect of increase in the price of petroleum vs increase in the sales of electric scooter. With the prices of petrol inching closer to Rs 100 per liter, the demand for battery operated scooters is on the rise as people want to save on fuel cost. As a result, the sale of e-scooters has increased considerably in the city. buyers of two-wheelers are also evincing interest in purchasing e-scooters and making enquiries about vehicles in the local showrooms Okinawa, a large scooter manufacturer in India, recently reported a 30% sales jump in the last quarter alone. The company attributes this largely to the rise in gasoline prices. Without being tied to a pump, electric motorcycle riders are insulated from fluctuating gasoline prices, and can instead “fill up” on much less expensive electricity from any wall outlet.

Sustainability and the Contribution of Electric Scooter Sharing Business Models to Urban Mobility

There has been a rapid uptake of electric scooter (e-scooter) sharing services in cities in recent years. However, the academic literature is still scarce on how e-scooter operators contribute to sustainable urban mobility through their business models. In this qualitative case study, we analyse the sustainability of these rapidly evolving sharing services through a frame of sustainable business model archetypes, and study value transfer, its obstacles, and its controversies within the Finnish urban transport system. While e-scooter services mainly target delivering functionality over ownership, according to the operators, combinations of approaches are applied that contribute positively to sustainability. These include, for example, increasing the lifecycle of scooters, recycling of scooters and their parts, using renewable energy, commi ing to climate compensation, and promoting road safety and the responsible use of scooters. The findings indicate that in Finland, e-scooter services are seen to have potential in serving the first and last miles of public transport journeys. Due to a lack of binding regulation, co- and self-regulation is emphasized and is supported by active information and data sharing with public authorities. While sustainability is embedded in many ways into the business models of e-scooter operators, there are still potential sources of unsustainability aff ecting the urban transport system. For example, current business models favour convenience over physical activity, which can reduce the amount of active travel and use of city bikes.

Regulasi Bagi Pengendara Skuter Listrik dan Otoped Listrik di Indonesia

This research aims to determine the existing regulations in Indonesia for motorists and the use of electric scooters on the road. At the beginning of its appearance, there were no clear regulations regulating provisions for electric scooters so that users can ride these transportation freely, causing conflicts between electric scooters user with pedestrians and other vehicle user. Conflicts that occur between electric scooters user and pedestrians include pedestrians who consider the use of electric scooters on sidewalks and pedestrian bridges to endanger pedestrians, while electric scooters are too slow to be used on the road with other vehicle riders. So that it can be dangerous. This article is hoped to be able to answer the regulations that must be obeyed by electric scooters user when driving on the road.Keywords: Electric Scooter; Conflict; Regulation.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui regulasi yang ada di Indonesia bagi pengendara dan pemakaian kendaraan jenis otoped listrik dan skuter listrik di jalan raya. Pada awal kemunculannya belum ada regulasi yang mengatur secara jelas mengenai ketentuan bagi para pengendara skuter listrik dan otoped listrik sehingga pengguna mengendarai alat trasnportasi tersebut secara bebas hingga menimbulkan konflik antara pengendara skuter listrik dan otoped listrik dengan pejalan kaki dan pengendara kendaraan lainnya. Konflik yang terjadi antara pengendara skuter listrik dan otoped listrik dengan pejalan kaki anatara lain adala pejalan kaki menganggap penggunaan otoped listrik dan skuter listrik di trotoar dan jembatan penyebrangan membahayakan pejalan kaki sedangkan dengan pengendara kendaraan lainnya pengemudi skuter listrik dan otoped listrik terlalu lambat berjalan di jalan raya sehingga dapat membahayakan. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat menjawab regulasi yang harus dipatuhi oleh pengendara skuter listrik dan otoped listrik ketika berkendara di jalan raya.Kata Kunci: Skuter listrik; Otoped Listrik; Konflik; Regulasi.