The application of best available technology in dealing with Ontario's waste electric and electronic equipment : a case study

This study seeks to inquire into the impacts of pursuing a comprehensive Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) program similar to the system in the European Union in the Province of Ontario. O. Reg. 393/04 WEEE seeks to establish a weight-based system of recycling end-of-life (EOL) electronics. BAT revenue projections would make for a profitable endeavour across the first five years of the program, with reductions in pollution and operating costs from primary ore refinement. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the BAT scheme profitability exceeds the "do nothing" option across all price ranges (including worst case scenarios), while, at the same time, results in increased susceptibility to market volatility. A cost-effectiveness study showed that the investment in a new integrated smelting operation would still be more cost-effective than the "do nothing" option. This study points to the need for further research into market incentives regarding the amount of collected electronic waste.

The application of best available technology in dealing with Ontario's waste electric and electronic equipment : a case study

This study seeks to inquire into the impacts of pursuing a comprehensive Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) program similar to the system in the European Union in the Province of Ontario. O. Reg. 393/04 WEEE seeks to establish a weight-based system of recycling end-of-life (EOL) electronics. BAT revenue projections would make for a profitable endeavour across the first five years of the program, with reductions in pollution and operating costs from primary ore refinement. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the BAT scheme profitability exceeds the "do nothing" option across all price ranges (including worst case scenarios), while, at the same time, results in increased susceptibility to market volatility. A cost-effectiveness study showed that the investment in a new integrated smelting operation would still be more cost-effective than the "do nothing" option. This study points to the need for further research into market incentives regarding the amount of collected electronic waste.

Effects of varied process parameters on froth flotation efficiency: A case study of Itakpe iron ore

The dire need for Itakpe iron ore concentrates of appreciable iron content meets for smelting operation necessitated this study. Core samples of the iron ore sourced from Itakpe, Kogi State, Nigeria were prepared for petrological analysis followed by chemical and particle size analyses. Froth flotation was done using different collectors at varying particle sizes and pH values. Characterization studies carried out revealed that Itakpe iron ore is a lean ore assaying 36.18% Fe2O3 and contains predominantly quartz, sillimanite, and haematite. Its liberation size lies favourably at 75 μm. Processing the ore by froth flotation yielded appreciable enrichment. Optimal recovery (~92%) was achieved using potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) at pH 11 for fine feed sizes (<125 μm) yielding iron concentrate assaying 67.66% Fe2O3. Thus, processing at this set-of-conditions is recommended for the industrial production of more enriched Itakpe iron ore concentrates. Keywords: Process parameters, Froth flotation, Efficiency, Itakpe iron ore

The effect of Al2O3 on fayalite-based copper smelting slags in equilibrium with matte and tridymite at 1 2008C and P(SO2) = 0.25 atm

Experimental investigations have been undertaken to determine the effect of Al2O3in slag on the gas/slag/matte/tridymite equilibria in the multi-component Cu-Fe-O-S-Si-Al system at 1 200 8C, and P(SO2) = 0.25 atm. The experimental technique involves high temperature equilibration of synthetic samples on the open silica substrate in controlled gas atmospheres (CO/CO2/SO2/Ar), rapid quenching after a designated equilibration time followed by the compositional analysis of the condensed phases with electron probe X-ray microanalyzer. The experimental data of the present study provide information on the effect of alumina on the slag composition, such as the chemically dissolved copper, dissolved sulphur, and Fe/SiO2 ratio in slag at tridymite saturation at different Cu in matte. The new data have been used as inputs for the optimization of the thermodynamic databases for the copper-containing systems and can also be used to evaluate the fluxing strategy in the copper smelting operation.

Beneficiation of Vanadium and Titanium Oxides by Using Selective Extraction of Iron in Low-Titanium Magnetite Concentrate

Issues with existing vanadium beneficiation stimulate the development of new technologies for wasteless production of vanadium. The present work investigates a possibility of beneficiation of vanadium and titanium oxides in a low-titanium magnetite concentrate by using selective reduction and extraction of iron. Iron was selectively reduced by coal without melting and separated from the oxide (slag) phase during further smelting operation. After the liquid-phase separation vanadium and titanium oxides were accumulated in a slag phase. The following products were produced: slag, containing vanadium and titanium oxides, and iron with relatively low carbon content. The content of vanadium and titanium in a final product has increased in comparison to the initial concentrate.

Activating of Nickel Slag and Preparing of Cementitious Materials for Backfilling

The back-filling method is distinguished from other mining methods by its higher cost. In order to solve this problem and utilize water-granulated nickel slag as much as possible, nickel slag from flash smelting operation was used to prepare cementitious materials for backfilling. Approaches including mechanical activation and chemical activation were adopted to improve the cementitious activity of the slag. By taking the strength of the backfill materials as the evaluation standards, the hydration activity and cementitious performance of the slag were investigated under different activation conditions, and the mechanism of chemical activation was analyzed. The results shows that cementing agent prepared by using mainly the slag (occupying 85% of the total raw materials) can be used to replace cement and meet the production requirements for backfilling materials.