Fluoroammonium method for processing of cake from leaching of titanium-magnesium production sludge

We present the results of the physical and chemical properties of cake from nitric-acid leaching of titanium production sludge. It was found that all silicon in the cake is in the form of quartz, albite, sillimanite, sodium aluminosilicate. In total, these minerals make up the majority of the cake 60.24%. Titanium is presented in the form of rutile, titanium aluminum oxide, which in total is 35.56%. Iron is part of sillimanite and hematite, the total content of which is about 4.2%. The optimal parameters of fluoroammonium processing of cake were determined: silicon distillation into sublimates at 300°С for 6 hours, sublimation of titanium in the form of titanium tetrafluoride at 800°С for 2 hours. The process of alkaline hydrolysis of sublimates of fluoride compounds and cinder was carried out. Purification of impurities and calcination of hydrated titanium dioxide were carried out. The resulting titanium and silicon dioxide products contain: 96.2% TiO2, 88 % SiО2, respectively; a niobium-containing intermediate product with a content of 11.6 % Nb2O5 was also obtained.

Thermal process for magnesium production with Al-Si-Fe from coal fly ash: Thermodynamics and experimental investigation

Dumping or disposal of fly ash causes environmental pollution and huge waste of valuable metals. In this work, carbothermic reduction of fly ash under normal pressure to produce Al-Si-Fe alloy, and thermal reduction of magnesia to produce magnesium in vacuum with Al-Si-Fe alloy were investigated. In addition, the surface morphology and composition of Al-Si-Fe alloy and magnesium were studied by means of SEM-EDS, XRD. Based on the thermodynamic analysis, it was found that AlN and SiO2 lowered down the reduction temperature of SiC and Al4C3, respectively. Increase of temperature and decrease of vacuum degree promotes the thermal reduction of magnesia. Results showed that the recovery rate ranked Fe, Si, and Al in a descending order. The evaporation loss of gaseous SiO and Al2O reduced the recovery of Si and Al. Al-Si-Fe alloy containing 33.12% Al, 48.73% Si and 6.41% Fe is obtained under the optimal conditions. Magnesium with content of 94.87% is prepared using the obtained Al-Si-Fe alloy as reductant. The nucleation rate is less than the growth rate during the condensation of magnesium vapor.

EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ADVERSE FACTORS OF TITANIUM-MAGNESIUM PRODUCTION

Іn order to clarify the nature of pathological changes in animals that develop under the influence of a complex of toxic gases and dust (titanium dioxide aerosol, titanium metal dust, titanium tetrachloride and its hydrolysis products, as well as chlorine and phosgene), we performed experimental studies directly in the conditions of titanium-magnesium production. This approach, from our point of view, can create the most profitable experimental model that allows for the maximum completeness of the corresponding clinical and experimental Parallels. Therefore, a series of experimental animals were placed on the territory of the three main workshops of JSC «CC TMK». The animals were placed in specially made cages of 25-26 heads each, which were installed at the level of the human respiratory system. Experimental animals of the control series of the experiment were kept on the territory of the plant, but at a considerable distance from the main production shops in a separate, clean, well-ventilated room. The animals of the control group were slaughtered at the same time as the experimental animals. These studies help in the development of evidence-based measures to improve the health of workers engaged in harmful working conditions. In such production conditions, workers often had acute respiratory infections, chronic bronchitis, etc.the degree of retention of compounds containing chlorine anion (chlorine, hydrogen chloride, titanium tetrachloride, phosgene, magnesium dihloride) was relatively high and ranged from 39-85%. At the same time, higher indicators of the degree of delay in all the main workshops were usually observed for gaseous substances (chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosgene), which is probably due to their good solubility.