Effects of Laundering on Seaming Attributes of a Fabric for Public Basic school uniforms

Quality seams have great impact on the quality of garments. The study evaluated effect of laundering on plain seam in a suitable fabric for Ghanaian public basic school uniforms by varying sewing thread and stitch density to establish suitable ones for the achievement of quality in school uniforms. A total number of 290 specimens were used. Washed specimens were subjected to three cycles of washing using Launder-Ometer (Gyrowash 315) and seam strength, efficiency and elongation were evaluated. Means of the attributes were determined and analysis of variance at 0.05 alpha level are used for hypotheses testing. Sewing thread brand B in 14 stitches per inch (spi) provided greater seam strength, efficiency and elongation before and after washing.

Modeling the consumption of sewing thread for stitch class 301 through image analysis by using Fourier series

This research work aims at modeling the sewing thread consumption for stitch class 301 through image analysis by using Fourier series. A mathematical model was developed by using the geometry of stitch class 301 for calculating sewing thread consumption. The modeling of stitch class 301 was conducted by changing the stitch density and thickness of the stitched fabric. The stitch density was adjusted by varying the stitch length (2, 3 and 4 mm) and the thickness of stitched fabric (2, 3 and 4 plies of fabric).The interlacement of sewing thread between the needle and bobbin was used for the measurement of arc length of one stitch. The total consumption of sewing thread was determined by multiplying the arc length by 4. The developed model was verified by using nine different stitched samples for comparing the predicted and measured values of sewing thread consumption. This model predicted the sewing thread consumption with 95% accuracy. Error percentages were also calculated for determining the major influencing factors that affected the sewing thread consumption. The proposed model can effectively be employed in garment industries for determining sewing thread consumption.

Thread Type and Stich Density Suitable for Seams in Ghanaian Public Basic School Uniforms

Background: The serviceability of a sewn garment is influenced by the quality of its seams, which form the basic structural element. The factors that affect seam quality in garments includes, sewing thread type and stitch density. Their right choice helps with the achievement of quality seams in garments. However, the choice of suitable sewing threads and stitch densities for particular fabrics can only be determined through testing. Objective: Problems associated with poor performance of school uniforms include seam failure. The aim of the study was to determine sewing thread brand and stitch density suitable for seams for a selected fabric (79% polyester and 21% cotton) for Ghanaian public basic school uniforms. Method: A 2×3 factorial design was employed which involved two brands of sewing threads labelled Aʹ and Bʹ and three range of stitch density, 10, 12 and 14. The total number of specimens prepared from the selected fabric was 81. The parameters investigated included fabric weight, strength and elongation, seam strength, seam elongation and efficiency. The data were analysed using the Predictive Analytic Software (SPSS). Means and standard deviations of the fabric’s yarn count, weight, strength, elongation and the linear density of the sewing threads were determined. Analysis of Variance and Independent samples t-test at 0.05 alpha levels were employed in testing the hypotheses. Results: Differences for seam strength, efficiency and elongation were significant for the two sewing thread brands and the three stitch densities in both warp and weft directions of the fabric sample. The sewing thread brand B′ with stitch density 14 performed best in terms of seam strength, elongation and efficiency. Conclusion: The sewing thread brand B′ and stitch density 14 are recommended to be used for the construction of uniforms with the selected fabric to achieve quality in uniforms.

Effect of Different Sewing Parameters on Lockstitch Seam Strength for Denim Fabric

Seam strength plays a very important role in acquiring the desired quality seam which ultimately defines the quality of any clothing. The paper is aimed to study the strength of seam produced from denim fabric, how different sewing parameters like sewing thread type, type of seam, seam direction as well as the density of stitches influence the strength of seam, and it is observed that they have direct effect on lockstitch seam strength of denim fabric with various degree. For research denim fabric with 3/1 weaves structure and three different sewing threads namely 100% cotton spun with 14tex linear density, 100% polyester spun with 24tex and 60tex linear density were used. Seam class used for the research was superimposed seam prepared with two layers, SSa and three layers, SSb. The samples were made by stitching with lockstitch sewing machine both in warp and weft way. Three different stitch densities were used to sew the samples and they were-7, 9 and 11 stitches per inch. The strength of the produced seams was tested on a universal strength tester machine-the titan tensile strength tester. Test was performed according to ASTM D5034 test method. The outcome of the research shows that seam type, seam direction, thread types, and stitch density have direct effect on lockstitch seam strength of denim fabric with various degrees. Higher seam strength was obtained for the SSb type seam produced in warp direction with coarser sewing thread (60tex) and 11 stitches per inch (SPI). The influence of independent variables on the seam strength was assessed statistically using a multivariate variance analysis (ANOVA) with the help of SPSS software and it was found that they effect significantly. Regression analysis was done to develop the regression equation to predict lockstitch seam strength before production process.

Development of prediction model through linear multiple regression for the prediction of longitudinal stiffness of embroidered fabric

Embroidery through computer aided semi-automatic machines is one of the most widely used option for the surface ornamentation of apparel fabrics at present. Since the embroidery process includes addition of certain amount of embroidery-threads depending upon the design motif, it is quite obvious that basic physical and functional properties of fabric are subject to change. It is therefore important to develop an algorithm or empirical equation for proper prediction of the properties of the embroidered fabric, relevant to its required end-use in apparel industry. In this context, an effort has been made to determine a prediction equation through linear multiple regressions for the prediction of longitudinal stiffness of embroidered fabric in terms of flexural rigidity in warp direction of the base fabric, considering the input parameters as warp-way flexural rigidity of the base fabric, breaking load and linear density of the embroidery thread, stitch density, average stitch length and average stitch angle of the embroidery design. The final Prediction model is statistically verified taking new embroidery samples of different varieties. It is found that the model can predict with a very satisfactory level of accuracy. Also, the influences of the embroidery parameters in this context have been analyzed through the corresponding regression coefficients and the three dimensional (3D) surface curves. Stitch density has been emerged as the most influential parameter, followed by the stitch length and the stitch angle.

Investigation of the Influence of Technology Parameters and Thread Type on Embroidered Textile Element Quality

Embroidery can be applied to improve esthetic or functional properties of products. However, the expected appearance of the original design may be discarded by unsuitable selected technological parameters of embroidery machine. Thus, the influence of the technological parameters and embroidery thread types on the embroidery geometric parameters and on tension characteristics of embroidery has been investigated in this research.The research results revealed that the changes in geometry parameters of the designed digital image compared with the ones of actual embroidery samples are dependent on embroidery filling type, stitch density, and thread type. Mechanical testing of the embroidery elements has proved that embroidering influences the decrease in material breaking force and elongation at break compared with their initial tension characteristics.

Study on fabric compression under seam vis a vis quantitative measurement of seam boldness and thread consumption for lockstitch 301

Purpose This paper aims to develop at sewing thread during the seam formation may lead to the compression of fabric under seam. In the present study, the model has been proposed to predict the seam compression and calculation of seam boldness, as well as thread consumption by considering seam compression. Design/methodology/approach The effect of sewing parameters on the fabric compression at the seam (Cf) for fabrics of varying bulk density was studied by the Taguchi method and also the multilinear regression equation is obtained to predict seam compression by considering these parameters. The framework has been set as per the single view metrology approach to measuring structural seam boldness (Bs). One of the basic geometrical models (Ghosh and Chavhan, 2014) for the prediction of thread consumption at lock stitch has been modified by considering fabric compression at the seam (Cf). Findings The multilinear regression model has been proposed which can predict the compression under seam using easily measurable fabric parameters and stitch density. The seam boldness is successfully calculated quantitatively using the proposed formula with a good correlation with the seam boldness rated subjectively. The thread consumption estimation from the proposed approach was found to be more accurate. Originality/value The compression under seam is found out using easily measurable parameters; fabric thickness, fabric weight and stitch density from the proposed model. The attempt has been made to calculate seam boldness quantitatively and the new approach to find out thread consumption by considering the seam compression has been proposed.

A study on porosity related aspects of cotton knitted fabric with single jersey structure for improved comfort application for garment

Knitted fabrics are the preferred structures in athletic wear in which demand for comfort is a key requirement. Heat and liquid sweat generation during athletic & exercise activities must be transported out and dissipated to the atmosphere. A key property influencing such behaviors is porosity. Two parameters that characterize it are pore size and pore volume. One of the objectives in this research was to come up with models that can predict inter yarn pore size and pore volume for simple weft knitted structures, from fabric particulars, such as courses and Wales, count, yarn size, stitch density, thickness and other geometrical details of the fabric, which characterize the structure. Such a model was developed that was based on the geometry of the unit cell of a single loop. The experimental work in this project involved using a set of 16 knitted fabrics that differ in course count and examining their pore structure and porosity related characteristics. The values of pore size and pore volume were calculated, those of pore size were measured with image analysis, and other parameters. The effects of course count and washing on stitch density, stitch length, fabric thickness and pore size are examined in details.