A Comprehensive ESP Preventive Maintenance Program for Long-Term Reliability, Better Life Cycle and Maximum Availability

The reliability of Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) is a critical target for companies managing artificially lifted fields. While efforts to continuously improve the reliability in the downhole system are crucial, it is necessary to focus on the health and long-term reliability of the ESP surface equipment. One effective approach toward achieving this goal is through conducting a comprehensive Preventive Maintenance Program (PMP) for the different components of the ESP surface system. An ESP PMP should be managed without jeopardizing production strategy. The design of the PMP must meet the production demand while maintaining the best-in-class PMP practices. The well operating condition, frequency, weather, well location, required periodic inspection and preemptive servicing and replacement of surface equipment components must be considered, based on studied criterion. The design of the PMP considers equipment upgrades and thermal imaging surveillance to guarantee healthy electrical systems. The mentioned activities have to be captured in a dedicated checklist to cover all requirements. To ensure adequate PMP planning, a well-structured tracking mechanism must be followed. Implementing the recommended PMP framework contributes to minimizing ESP surface equipment component defects like transformer failures, blown fuses, jammed fans, obsolete drive controllers, etc. The proposed PMP is structured to achieve maximum production availability while maintaining a healthier run-life of surface equipment with minimal outages. To ensure minimal ESP surface equipment malfunctions, a comprehensive periodic checkup and well-designed replacement mechanism of surface equipment components should be implemented. The operator company and the maintenance service provider will be able to easily identify the bad actors without complicating the overall process. Consequently, efforts will be made to assign and implement corrective actions to avoid similar problems. The PMP will significantly enhance the ESP surface equipment reliability and prolong the uptime of the fixed/variable speed drives, associated transformers, and other auxiliary equipment. In addition, it should reduce the ESP trips attributed to the malfunction of any surface equipment component and consequently minimize the operational and financial impact of production disruptions. Ultimately, the operator company will be able to maximize its production availability and comply with its planned strategies to meet its target. As a result, the PMP will significantly improve the ESP Key Performance Indicator(KPI) records. In this paper, an innovative and structured framework for ESP surface equipment PMP will be illustrated in details. Additionally, a prototype that contains the main formulas and tools in the program, which were derived from huge historical records and data analytics, will be shown. The paper will explain why and how the PMP can help any operator company or service provider to excel in maintaining healthy ESP systems while meeting its production commitments.

Identifying Condom Catheter Component to Optimize Its Function As Intrauterine Balloon Tamponade (Iubt): A Laboratory Test

Uterine atony is the primary cause of postpartum hemorrhage worldwide. Further management for severe bleeding or limited uterotonic is the insertion of intrauterine balloon tamponade (IUBT), and a modified condom catheter is the most affordable form of IUBT. However, it has some limitations that can emerge from the component of the tools. This study aims to identify the equipment component of the condom catheter and discover potential improvements to optimize its function as IUBT. Preclinical research under laboratory environmental conditions was conducted. Five condom types, six catheter sizes, and a type of macro drip IV tubing were included in the study. The specifications of all condoms were almost similar and did not significantly differ in capacity, shape, and leakage. The condom shapes were more rounded and had a high possibility of filling the uterine space entirely if tied in the middle instead of close to the tip based on the standard. There was no significant time difference (p = 0.111; CI95% 3.31–3.52) in draining the fluid when using large catheters (nos 18F, 20F, 22F, and 24F) and removing the catheter. However, not using a catheter should consider the device's required length and mother's comfort in early mobilization. Also, further clinical studies are highly recommended.

Регулятор для двигателя МС-500 – разработка, испытания, сертификация

There are shown the features of the development process of the digital engine regulator RDTs-450M-S-500 for the MS-500V-02S turboprop engine as another modification in the family of regulators for engines of helicopter and aircraft (including unmanned aerial vehicles). These regulators are developed and serially produced by Element JSC since 2014 year, when the Appliance Design Approval of the aviation equipment component was received for RDTs-450M type. The creation of a new regulator is described as a modification of the basic design with the simultaneous refinement of a specially developed aircraft engine universal stand-imitator, which provides adjustment and verification of the parameters of the regulator. Information about the requirements differences for the rotor vibrations control compare the previous regulator modifications is given. It is shown that during the development process the need for a significant engine mathematical model correction was revealed. Element JSC specialists corrected this model originally provided by the engine developer Motor Sich JSC. The results of this correction performed based on experimental data are reflected. The results of using a new engine mathematical model, including the metering pump mathematical model, are presented. It is shown that the integration of a new mathematical model into a universal stand-imitator provided RDTs-450M-S-500 regulator adjustment and subsequent successful tests of RDTs-450M-S-500 as engine part, which confirmed the adequacy of the model. During this test, ensuring of the turbocharger rotor acceleration given level was confirmed too. There is provided here information on the regulator qualification in the Aviation Register of the Interstate Aviation Committee, based on the results of which Supplement to Applliance Design Approval for the component were received and information on the preparation for certification as part of the MC-500V-02S engine at the State Aviation Administration of Ukraine. It is mentioned that the experience of JSC "Element" specialists forces them to note the need to strengthen the methodological support of the aviation equipment components developers from the State Aviation Service.

Calculating Feeder Fault Current with MATLAB Software Program

The aim of this article describes the program of computerized how to calculate the feeder fault current in a distribution substation. This article adopts Thevenin theory as the basis of calculation, and narrates them in two ways: the artificial and the computerized algorithm. It leaves aside the artificial and delves the computerized algorithm. The latter is divided for two computerized algorithm - separate and all of equipment. In the computerized algorithm, all data inputting, procedure steps, and report form were carefully been designed by MATLAB application software. As for data Inputting refers to the specification parameters of equipment component. The characteristics of this article are described with both text and Fig. to achieve operation simple and understanding easy. References include a representative textbook and several journal articles. Verify with real cases and reveal the pros and cons of artificial and program algorithms. The purpose of this article is to discard waste - an artificial calculation that is time - consuming, cumbersome and prone to clerical errors. The computer programs algorithm can compensates for defects and improves accuracy and timeliness. This method has been proven to be an economical design aid tool that is of great help to maintenance or designers in the field of electrical engineering.

A Topology Optimization Procedure for Assisting the Design of Nuclear Components

In this paper, we show that a module implemented in the MCNP transport code to perform sensitivity analyses can be diverted to perform topology optimizations of nuclear equipment. Component design with this approach leads to sophisticated solutions that outperform their human-designed counterparts.

A TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURE FOR ASSISTING THE DESIGN OF NUCLEAR COMPONENTS

In this paper, we show that a module implemented in the MCNP transport code to perform sensitivity analyses can be diverted to perform topology optimizations of nuclear equipment. Component design with this approach leads to sophisticated solutions that outperform their human-designed counterparts.

Analysis Of Load Variations On ST 60 Steel Using Vickers Method

The use of metal in the industrial world, especially ST60 Steel, is a very vital need, this can be seen from the increasing number of machine or equipment components or construction parts made of steel. Hardness is one of the mechanical properties that is often used as a guide in selecting materials for an equipment component. To find out the hardness price of a material, various testing methods can be used, including the Vickers method, which is tested by applying a force to the indented diamond pyramid against the material for which the hardness value is determined. The amount of hardness value is determined by the magnitude of the loading force divided by the area of indentation. In this study, what was investigated was the effect of force on the hardness of the Vickers method. The results showed that the load variation had little effect on the results of the Vickers hardness value, especially for high loads (100 Kgf). The average hardness value for the mild steel being tested is 163 HV and 168 HV, the highest hardness value is 174 HV and the lowest hardness value is 156 HV, so that a tolerance of ± 10 HV commonly used in the Vickers test is sufficient.Keywords: Hardness, ST 60 Steel , Loading Variations, Vickers Test

Environmental Fatigue Screening for Subsequent License Renewal

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) guidance for Subsequent License Renewal (SLR) applicants is provided in the NUREG-2191. Specifically, Section X.M1 of the NUREG-2191 includes guidance for aging management programs (AMP) which has two aspects related to fatigue analyses, one that verifies the continued acceptability of existing analyses through cycle counting and the other that provides periodically updated evaluations of the fatigue analyses to demonstrate that they continue to meet the appropriate limits. In addition, the NUREG-2191 provides requirements to account for reactor water environment by deriving cumulative fatigue usage (CUF) including environmental effects (CUFen) in component fatigue analyses for a set of sample critical components for the plant outlined in NUREG/CR-6260. Furthermore each applicant is required to determine plant-specific component locations in the reactor coolant pressure boundary that may be more limiting than those considered in NUREG/CR–6260. This paper presents a methodology to identify plant-specific primary equipment component locations that are potentially more limiting than the locations identified in NUREG/CR-6260, through a detailed review and ranking of the analyses of record (AORs) for a plant. The ranking approach implemented in this methodology assesses the level of technical rigor required to derive the CUF values and provides a means to appropriately compare CUF values within the same transient section. This paper also illustrates how this methodology was applied for a recent license renewal application.