Construction and Analysis of Integral User-Oriented Trustworthiness Metrics

Trustworthiness metrics help users to understand information system’s or a device’s security, safety, privacy, resilience, and reliability level. These metrics have different types and natures. The challenge consists of the integration of these metrics into one clear, scalable, sensitive, and reasonable metric representing overall trustworthiness level, useful for understanding if the users can trust the system or for the comparison of the devices and information systems. In this research, the authors propose a novel algorithm for calculation of an integral trustworthiness risk score that is scalable to any number of metrics, considers their criticality, and does not perform averaging in a case when all metrics are of equal importance. The obtained trustworthiness risk score could be further transformed to trustworthiness level. The authors analyze the resulting integral metric sensitivity and demonstrate its advantages on the series of experiments.

Sprouted Syrian Wheat in The Production of Arab Bread: القمح السوري المنبت في إنتاج الخبز العربي

The research aims to study the optimum conditions for germination of Syrian hard wheat Cham 3, and to study the possibility of benefiting from sprouted wheat in fortifying Syrian Arab bread. The results were then treated statistically at the 95% reliability level using the Minitab program version 14. 0. It was evident through the statistical results that the optimum germination conditions for Syrian durum wheat Sham 3 is a temperature of 20 °C for a period of 4 days, as with these conditions the folic acid content reached 1. 75 mg / kg, which is approximately 13 times the folic acid content of meal wheat without sprouting (0. 135 mg / kg). By studying the rheological properties of flour and meal using Alveograph and Mixolab, it was noticed that germination led to a decrease in the strength of meal wheat. Where all the Alveograph indicators (P, L, G, W) and Mixolabs (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, DDT) of germinated wheat significantly decreased compared to both flour and non-germinated meal. It was found that the possibility of benefiting from the Syrian sprouted wheat in fortifying the Syrian Arab bread, and the best percentage of adding crushed wheat sprouts to the Arabic bread is 40%, as it gave a sensory acceptable Arabic bread in terms of texture, separability, foldability and in terms of physical properties. The benefiting from the Syrian sprouted wheat in fortifying the Syrian Arab bread is possible, and the best percentage of adding sprouted wheat meal to the Arabic bread is 40%, as it gives a sensory acceptable Arabic bread in terms of texture, separability, foldability and in terms of physical properties.

Intervention of Entrepreneurship Values to Improve Entrepreneur Interest on Persons with Disabilities

This paper aims to know the entrepreneurship interest on the disabilities and the impacts of this entrepreneurship values intervention on their entrepreneur interest. Data is collected from standardized questionnaire of entrepreneurship interest including attention, interest, desire, decision and action with reliability level of 0.892. Data is analyzed on the normality, then using paired samples t-test to know the impacts of provided treatment. Results of this study show that (1) the intervention of entrepreneurship values can improve entrepreneur interest on the disabilities in Surakarta; (2) before treatment, the level of entrepreneur interest on the disabilities is in medium-to-low level with the percentage of 86.99%; (3) the level of entrepreneur interest after treatment is improving to percentage of 82.05%.

Sizing Methodology of Floating Photovoltaic Plants in Dams of Semi-Arid Areas

Floating photovoltaic (FPV) plants in reservoirs can contribute to reduce water evaporation, increase power generation efficiency, due to the cooling process, and reduce competitiveness in land use. Based on this motivation we propose a new methodology for sizing FPV plants in dams of semi-arid regions by using the Flood Duration Curve (FDC). The methodology innovations are: no use of commercial software, the possibility of choosing the reliability level, the application in reservoirs of semi-arid areas of the world and the use of a graphic analysis of the reservoir hydrological behavior. The case studies in the Brazilian and Australian semi-arid consider two scenarios: high reliability level (90%, scenario 1) and low reliability level (70%, scenario 2). The reliability level is linked to the electricity production; the evaporation reduction is proportional to the FPV plant area.

On the Rural Electric Networks Reliability Level Issue

The structure study, condition and 10 kV electric networks reliability level in the Irkutsk region for the period from 2016 to 2020 is carried out. The analysis is based on real data on the studied electric networks published in the open press. The Interactive Matlab system libraries and interfaces were used to calculate and analyze the studied indicator. The considered electric networks structure has investigated, algorithms and computer programs for the Matlab graphic editor are compiled with the help which changes time diagrams in the failures number, the interruptions time and the under-output electricity amount for each year months are constructed. The year months in which the highest damage occurs were determined. The electrical networks wear is considered, as well as the repair plan implementation for the main equipment. The reliability level according to the established indicators has analyzed, the main reasons for equipment failure are considered. The characteristics of improving considered electrical networks functioning are presented. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that the most damaged the considered overhead lines elements are: wires, supports, insulators, and switching devices. The characteristic reasons that lead to their damage are: wind load, damage to switching devices. The greatest damage is the Angarsky and Irkutsky branches networks characteristic (the average annual value all failures are 26.4 and 23.9%). The Kirensky and Cheremkhovsky branches networks are the least damaged annually. The obtained data probabilistic-statistical and correlation analysis, as well as the emergency outages risks analysis for the future, taking into account the seasonal component, is carried out.

Robust Steganographic Method with Code-Controlled Information Embedding

In view of the fact that most images are compressed when transmitted through telecommunica-tion systems and telecommunication systems in the energetics, from the point of view of the practical use of steganographic algorithms in real information security systems, such as their property, the ability to effectively resist a compression attack, is of great interest. This work aims at increasing the robustness of steganographic system against compression attacks to ensure the reliability of the steganographic message perception by developing a steganographic method that implements the embedding of additional information in the spatial domain of the container, us-ing the code control of the frequency components that are under perturbations resulting from the steganographic transformation. The goal was achieved using the code control of information embedding: due to preliminary additional coding of the embedded information with codewords for which the Walsh-Hadamard transformants have the specified properties, which leads to a given localization of disturbances in the Walsh-Hadamard domain of the container as a result of the information embedding. The most significant result is the steganographic method developed based on the formed theoretical basis, for which classes of codewords that provide the highest robustness against the compression attacks were constructed. The significance of the results ob-tained is that the developed method ensured a high reliability level of perception the ste-ganographic messages, significant robustness against the compression attacks, as well as sim-plicity of algorithmic implementation and high performance.

Reliability Evaluation of Kumpai Feeder Distribution System at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Siantan

The research on reliability index of a feeder aims to evaluate the reliability level of a feeder using the Reliability Index Assessment (RIA) method. This method evaluates the reliability of a 20 kV distribution network by calculating the reliability indexes of each load point. The evaluation results show the reliability index value per section of the Kumpai Feeder at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Siantan within one year. The SAIFI values are 0.0092; 0.0012; 12,477; 0.0596; 0.0204; 0.0470; 0.0155; 0.0728, the SAIDI values are 0.0277; 0.0042; 37,746; 0.1862; 0.0741; 0.1524; 0.0493; 0.2209, the CAIDI values are 3.0108; 3.5; 3,025; 3.1241; 3.6323; 3.2425; 3.1806; 3.0343, the MAIFI values are 0; 5,480; 0.2145; 0.0020; 0.0038; 0.0042; 0.0006; 0.0014. The calculation results show that the 20 kV distribution system at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Siantan at the Kumpai Feeder can be categorized as unreliable. Because the SAIFI value of this feeder exceeds the standard set by PT. PLN (Persero) which are 12.477 times/customer/year and 3.2 times/customer/year, respectively. The factors affecting the reliability index of the Kumpai feeder are the number and duration of blackouts, the number of customers, and the length of the distribution system channel.

Multiattribute Decision-Making Problems in terms of the Weighted Mean Operation of Two Aggregation Operators of Orthopair Z-Numbers

The Z number defined by Zadeh can depict the fuzzy restriction/value and reliability measure by an ordered pair of fuzzy values to strengthen the reliability of the fuzzy restriction/value. However, there exist truth and falsehood Z-numbers in real life. Thus, the Z number cannot reflect both. To indicate both, this study presents an orthopair Z-number (OZN) set to depict truth and falsehood values (intuitionistic fuzzy values) and their reliability levels in uncertain and incomplete cases. Next, we define the operations, score and accuracy functions, and sorting rules of OZNs. Further, the OZN weighted arithmetic mean (OZNWAM) and OZN weighted geometric mean (OZNWGM) operators are proposed based on the operations of OZNs. According to the weighted mean operation of the OZNWAM and OZNWGM operators, a multiattribute decision-making (MADM) model is established in the case of OZNs. Lastly, a numerical example is presented to reflect the flexibility and rationality of the presented MADM model. Comparative analysis indicates that the presented MADM model can indicate its superiority in the reliability and flexibility of decision results. Meanwhile, the resulting advantage of this study is that the presented MADM model can strengthen the reliability level of orthopair fuzzy values and make the decision results more reliable and flexible.

Monitoring Data Analysis and Structural Reliability of Foundation Pit During Construction: A Case Study

In order to solve the problem that only considering the deformation of the side wall or the ground settlement of a single factor of the reliability evaluation may lead to insecurity, a deformation reliability evaluation method considering both the deformation of the side wall and the ground settlement is proposed. This evaluation method is used to evaluate the reliability of foundation pit structure deformation of Jinan metro in Shandong Province, China. Through the study of the deformation of the side wall and ground settlement loss on six profiles, the influence of the coefficient (λ、α and β) on the reliability is considered, and the recommended value of the coefficient (λ、α and β) is given. The reliability of six profiles is evaluated and the reliability level is obtained successfully. The reliability evaluation method can solve the problem that considering a single failure mode may lead to insecurity, and can provide an effective solution to the reliability evaluation of foundation pit retaining structure deformation.

Development of Portable Force Measurement Kit Using Arduino and Android Phone App for Pascal’s Law

Learning through experimentation is a teaching method that allows students to conduct investigations through planning, implementation and discussion. However, the implementation of experiments is less emphasized due to limited teaching time and insufficient laboratory equipment, thus reducing students’ interest in Physics subject. Therefore, this study aims to develop an Arduino-based portable kit for force measurement and to test the reliability of the developed measurement kit. The development of this measurement kit was determined for Pascal’s law to diversify the practice in this topic. This kit consists of pressure sensor, Arduino microcontroller, android device and Bluetooth module. This study used a questionnaire instrument to measure the reliability of this kit. The validity of the kit was obtained from two (2) experts, and its reliability was evaluated from 15 Form 4 students through questionnaires. The result of the study showed a satisfactory reliability level with Cronbach alpha of 0.88. Therefore, it is expected that the development of this measurement kit can facilitate teachers in the teaching process and enhance students’ interest in Physics subject in Malaysia.