Risk assessment in interstitial lung disease: the incremental prognostic value of cardiopulmonary ultrasound

Background The mortality risk of chronic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is currently assessed using the ILD-GAP score. The present study evaluates whether the addition of cardiopulmonary ultrasound parameters to the ILD-GAP score can further improve the predictive value of ILD-GAP. Methods Medical records from 91 patients with ILD hospitalized from June 2015 to March 2016 were retrospectively examined. The Lung ultrasound (LUS) score, right ventricular (RV) function, and mechanics were obtained from the cardiopulmonary ultrasound. The ILD-GAP score was calculated from demographic characteristics and pulmonary function parameters. Patients were followed up with until May 2020. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. Results After exclusions, 74 patients with ILD were included in the analysis. During the follow-up period, 36 patients with ILD survived (ILDs), and 38 patients died (ILDd). Compared to ILDs, the ILDd cases exhibited a higher number of B-lines, LUS score, and RV end-diastolic base dimension (RVD), but lower RV function. In multivariate analysis, the ILD-GAP score (hazard ratio, 2.88; 95% CI 1.38–5.99, P = 0.005), LUS score (hazard ratio 1.13; 95% CI 1.04–1.24, P = 0.006), and RVD (hazard ratio 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.16, P = 0.004) were significantly related to the risk of death. Adding the LUS score and RVD to the ILD-GAP score significantly improved the predictive value compared to the ILD-GAP score alone (C statistics 0.90 vs 0.76, P = 0.018). Conclusion We investigated the utility of a new prognostic model for ILD that includes both cardiopulmonary ultrasound parameters (LUS score and RVD) and the ILD-GAP score. This model better reflects the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and cardiac involvement, and has incremental predictive value over the ILD-GAP score alone.

Risk assessment in interstitial lung disease: the incremental prognostic value of cardiopulmonary ultrasound

Background The mortality risk of chronic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is currently assessed using the ILD-GAP score. The present study evaluates whether the addition of cardiopulmonary ultrasound parameters to the ILD-GAP score can further improve the predictive value of ILD-GAP.Methods Medical records from 91 patients with ILD hospitalized from June 2015 to March 2016 were retrospectively examined. The Lung ultrasound (LUS) score, right ventricular (RV) function, and mechanics were obtained from the cardiopulmonary ultrasound. The ILD-GAP score was calculated from demographic characteristics and pulmonary function parameters. Patients were followed up with until May 2020. The primary endpoint was all-cause death.Results After exclusions, 74 patients with ILD were included in the analysis. During the follow-up period, 36 patients with ILD survived (ILDs), and 38 patients died (ILDd). Compared to ILDs, the ILDd cases exhibited a higher number of B-lines, LUS score, and RV end-diastolic base dimension (RVD), but lower RV function. In multivariate analysis, the ILD-GAP score (hazard ratio, 2.88; 95%CI 1.38–5.99, P = 0.005), LUS score (hazard ratio 1.13; 95%CI 1.04–1.24, P = 0.006), and RVD (hazard ratio 1.09, 95%CI 1.03–1.16, P = 0.004) were significantly related to the risk of death. Adding the LUS score and RVD to the ILD-GAP score significantly improved the predictive value compared to the ILD-GAP score alone (C statistics 0.90 vs 0.76, P=0.018 ).Conclusion We investigated the utility of a new prognostic model for ILD that includes both cardiopulmonary ultrasound parameters (LUS score and RVD) and the ILD-GAP score. This model better reflects the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and cardiac involvement, and has incremental predictive value over the ILD-GAP score alone.

Automatic LPG gas Monitoring and Booking Through Android Application

Web of things assumes an essential job in this day and age. Web of Things points towards making life more straightforward via robotizing each little undertaking around us. As much as IOT helping in robotizing undertakings, the advantages of IOT can likewise be stretched out for improving the current security guidelines. Wellbeing, the rudimentary worry of any task, has not left immaculate by IOT. This framework will make a whole LPG chamber booking system computerized without human intercession. This is tied in with diminishing the condensed oil gas spillage and it consequently screens the dimension of gas in the chamber and we can see the gas use subtleties through android application in the event that the gas level achieves a base dimension, at that point naturally a message is sent to approved LPG specialist so they can convey LPG on schedule. Alongside the mechanized chamber booking we likewise structured component identified with the security of the client in which it persistently screens the spillage of LPG gas and cautions the client in regards to spillage through portable application by utilizing MQ5 gas sensor when it detects the spillage then quickly the fumes fan will be turned on naturally to maintain a strategic distance from real mishaps.

An occupational Health and Safety for Agriculture Sector

This study has been investigated the studies on occupational health and safety in Agriculture Sector. The national and worldwide examinations occupational health and safety in horticulture have been distinguished, the available ones have been researched, condensed and surveyed. The appraisals reasoned that most of the horticulture related word related mishaps are because of tractor mishaps and tractor mishaps for the most part happen due to over-turning of tractors. The vast majority of the tractor mishaps are deadly. Word related mishaps in rural part are expanding with the ascending of horticultural motorization level and this negatively affects the occupational health and safety of the workers. Accordingly, word related occupational health and safety in farming division is a zone that has a ton of opportunity to get better and giving in-administration preparing and proceeding with the endeavors in the region of word related occupational health and safety is profoundly critical for conveying the word related mishaps to a base dimension. Moreover, the coordinated effort between open establishments, NGO's (Non-Governmental Organizations) and colleges need to proceed concerning occupational health and safety. Available online at https://int-scientific-journals.com

Comparative study on the fundamental time period of RC buildings based on codal provision and ambient vibration test – a case study of Kathmandu Valley

For the proper design of any structure, its fundamental properties should be known. The fundamental time period is a primary consideration for seismic design. Generally empirical relations given by code are used in design of building structure, where time period is the function of height and lateral dimension in most cases. But, these empirical relations given by codes are not verified in the context of Nepal. For existing structures, in addition to code formulas and available analytical tools, such as modal analyses, various methods of testing, including ambient and forced vibration testing procedures may be used to determine fundamental time period. In this study, the fundamental period of the 31 RC infill buildings located in Kathmandu valley was identified using ambient motions recorded at each building. Ambient vibration measurements of buildings have been performed by using geophone. Fundamental time periods evaluated experimentally and calculated by different codal formulas were compared. Single variable regression analysis was done, and time period in relation with height is evaluated. In this analysis, codal time period was found higher than experimental one. Multi-variable regression analysis was also done, and the relation between time period, height and lateral dimension was formulated. From multivariable regression formulation, it was concluded that the effect of base dimension of building to fundamental time period is very less. It can be concluded that the fundamental time period of RC building in our current practice can be better correlated by height only relation (T = CHa) than by height and base-dimension relation (T = C H/√D) given by code. Fundamental time period calculated from codal formula for RC building with infill and from experiment was found near in most cases.

Solid Fuel Fire Behavior Under Fixed Pressure in a Low-Pressure Chamber

To comprehensively reveal the difference of solid fuel fire characteristics at different altitudes, fire experiments of cardboard boxes at multiple static pressures with two configurations filled with shredded office paper were conducted in a low-pressure chamber. The measured parameters are mass burning rate, radiative heat flux, oxygen concentration and heat release rate (HRR) etc. The mass burning rate divided by fire base dimension ṁ/D is correlated against the production of pressure-squared times length-cubed (P2L3) to the power of 0.29 based on current cardboard boxes fire test data. HRR of two boxes fire tests are higher than that of one box fire tests under fixed pressures. However, there are a higher peak of HRR under a fixed higher pressure for one-box fire tests while a lower peak of HRR under a higher pressure for two-box fire tests. The HRR would decrease sharply after reaching the peak.