Screening for various non communicable diseases: a community based multi-diagnostic mega camp approach study from Raichur, Karnataka

Background: The 77% of all non-communicable illnesses (NCDs) deaths are in low-and middle-income countries. Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths, or 17.9 million people annually, followed by cancers (9.3 million), respiratory diseases (4.1 million), and diabetes (1.5 million). These 4 groups of diseases account for over 80% of all premature NCD deaths. Objective was to study prevalence of NCDs and its trends with respect to age and gender.Methods: The present community based descriptive observational study was conducted at Navodaya medical college hospital and research centre, Raichur that caters Urban and rural area of Raichur. The 4063 apparently healthy population from urban and rural part of Raichur were screened during the multi diagnostic mega camp at urban and rural areas around Raichur during the period of January to September 2021. Results: Prevalence of diabetes in our study was 46.3%, hypertension 45.3%, cataract 46.3% and COPD as 20.7%. Prevalence of diabetes was more in 41-60 years i.e., 41.6%. Prevalence of hypertension was more in 41-50 years i.e., 25.3%. Prevalence of diabetes was more in males i.e., 54.1%. Prevalence of hypertension was more in males i.e., 50.8%.Conclusions: Prevalence of all NCDs was more in above 40 years and more in males except COPD.

Inclusive masculinity and Czechia youth

In this, the first investigation of inclusive masculinities among 18- to 19-year-old Czech students, the authors interviewed 19 participants from a rural part of the country. The purpose of this research was to identify attitudes of young, rural, Czech men toward homosexuality and examine for perceived generational difference compared to men who emerged under communism. Results showed evidence of inclusive masculinities for these rural youth based in three principal categories: (1) positive attitudes toward homosexuality; (2) openness to a bromance with a gay male (dependent on gender typicality); and (3) perceived generational differences in gay acceptance compared to their parents’ generation. Overall, results therefore show that young men in this rural part of Czechia are enacting more inclusive forms of masculinity than possible under communist rule.

Digitalization of Rural India: Digital Village

Digitalization of rural part of India is one of the most important factors to create opportunities in India. The number of internet users are rapidly increasing in the country this leads to making India digitally active. Indian Government playing vital role by proposing crucial projects like Smart City, Make in India and Digital India. The speed of increasing number of internet user in rural part of India is less than the urban areas. The purpose of this paper is that how to make aware people living in rural area about internet. The paper explores the Digital village scheme and Digital Village 3.0 campaign and its impact on villagers after its application in selected villages. There is need of digitalization as the rural part of India lagging behind as compared to urban areas. The paper also explores about the scope and applications of digitalization in the rural areas.

FEMININITY MODELS IN GENDER POLICY OF STALIN’S REGIME

Summary. The purpose of the study is to identify models of femininity in the gender policy of the Stalinist regime in relation to the rural part of Western Ukrainian women in the first postwar decade; to analyze the ways and methods of their construction by instruments of party propaganda. The work is based on socio-cultural and feminist methodology, which requires the study of society taking into account its multicomponent nature, including such an important stratification parameter as "gender". In addition, the methodological guidelines of the study are the principles of historicism, systematization, scientificity, verification, as well as the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (comparative, chronological and historical-systemic) methods. The scientific novelty is that for the first time in the historiography of the gender policy of the Stalinist regime in the western regions of Ukraine during the period of late Stalinism, the authors consider models of femininity constructed by Soviet propaganda in the context of forming the concept of "Soviet woman". Conclusions. The gender policy of the Stalinist regime towards the rural part of Western Ukrainian women in the first postwar decade was directed primarily to involve women to the process of Sovietization of the region. It was clearly mobilizing and ethocratic in nature. The narrative of an emancipated Soviet woman, equal to a man in the Soviet Union opposed to the "oppressed mercenary of Polish lords" of the "lordly Poland" period was imposed on society with the help of party propaganda. Using the traditional set of tools from the propaganda arsenal, the authorities methodically and purposefully worked on forming the image of the "Soviet woman". As a result, several basic models of femininity with their inherent inverse of gender roles – "woman-activist", "woman-collective farmer", "woman-leader" were constructed.

Pregnancy Outcome of a COVID-19 Infected Teenager in Remote Nepal: A Case Report from Nepal

We present in this report case of a-19-year-old teenager who had presented in her near term, infected with COVID-19 and delivered in rural part of Nepal. She is probably one of the first COVID-19 infected case in this country to be delivered normally.

Health Care Seeking Behavior of Elderly People in Rural Part of Jimma Zone, South West Ethiopia

Background: Aging is the process of becoming older. Old age comprises age group of 60 year and above. Health care seeking behavior is any activity undertaken by individuals who perceive themselves to have a health problem or to be ill for the purpose of finding an appropriate therapy. Though health care seeking behavior of peoples have significant role for their health, limited number of studies were done so far in Ethiopia particularly among elderly peoples. To the best of our knowledge health seeking behavior of elderly people in Ethiopia haven’t been addressed well by previous researchers. Hence, the objective of this study was to measure health care seeking behavior and associated factors among elderly people in rural parts of Jimma zone, south west Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly peoples living in rural parts of Jimma Zone from March 10 to30, 2020. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select study participants. A total of 590 elderly peoples were included in the study. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with health seeking behavior. P – Value ≤ 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Result: The level of health care seeking behavior of elderly peoples in rural part of Jimma zone was 89.2%. Being female [AOR= 0.422(95%CI: 0.204–0.874)], good perception towards health facility[AOR= 20.676(95%CI: 5.077–84.205)], service option availability [AOR=8.597(95%CI: 1.998 – 36.989)], affordable price of modern health service [AOR=3.589(95%CI:1.631–7.900)], awareness about the cause of their sickness[AOR=6.060(95%CI:1.539–23.866)], and having good housing condition[AOR=5.017(95%CI=1.924–13.082) were predictors of health care seeking behavior. Conclusion: Health care seeking behavior of elderly people in rural part of Jimma zone was higher than what was reported in many other studies. Special attention is need from government and concerned stakeholders to take action on the identified factors of health care seeking behavior of elderly people.

Real-time monitoring of the rollout of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in rural India using a digital tracking platform

Background: In 2017, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was introduced into the Indian immunization program as a priority. However, monitoring the implementation of this program has been a major challenge in rural India. Novel digital health platforms, used to track vaccine delivery, can address this issue. Methods: We analyzed data collected in a rural part of the Udaipur District of India, which recently introduced PCV13 into the routine immunization program. The data were collected by Khushi Baby, a novel technology platform which facilitates tracking the vaccination status of individual children. We assessed the percent of children receiving 1, 2, or 3 doses of the vaccine at different ages and time points, as well as geographic variations in uptake. Only doses received before 12 months of age were considered for this analysis. Results: More than 96% of children captured by the database received the first dose of PCV13. Uptake of the second dose ranged from 69% to 90% across the five regions, and 44% to 76% of children received the third (booster) dose within 3 months of the recommended date. Conclusions: These data provide early evidence that the primary doses of PCV13 are being administered at a high level in rural India; however, there is considerable variability between regions. Additionally, the receipt of the booster dose may be lower than desired. Given the importance of the booster dose in reducing pneumococcal transmission, its delivery is essential to ensure maximal benefit of the vaccine program.