Exploring the social and economic development impact of the Canadian Seasonal Agriculture Workers Program (CSAWP) for Jamaican migrant workers, their families and communities

The enthusiasm of immigrant sending countries around migration and development hinges on the fact that the flow of money, knowledge and universal ideas can have a positive effect on development in these countries. The Canadian Seasonal Agriculture Workers Program (CSAWP) was established in 1966, most of the Social Science literature on this program has emphasized its exploitative and problematic aspects. Without dismissing the significance of the focus and results of other research, this paper examines the social and economic development impact of this program on households and communities in Jamaica. Research done by academics and an analysis of Jamaica‟s newsprint media done for this research reveal that the CSAWP has had positive development impacts. Findings suggest that the program is delivering social and economic benefits to migrant workers and their families. It has increased income, consumption, child schooling and improved health care. In addition to improving the standard of living for migrant workers and their families, the CSAWP has additional benefits at the community and national levels.

Exploring the social and economic development impact of the Canadian Seasonal Agriculture Workers Program (CSAWP) for Jamaican migrant workers, their families and communities

The enthusiasm of immigrant sending countries around migration and development hinges on the fact that the flow of money, knowledge and universal ideas can have a positive effect on development in these countries. The Canadian Seasonal Agriculture Workers Program (CSAWP) was established in 1966, most of the Social Science literature on this program has emphasized its exploitative and problematic aspects. Without dismissing the significance of the focus and results of other research, this paper examines the social and economic development impact of this program on households and communities in Jamaica. Research done by academics and an analysis of Jamaica‟s newsprint media done for this research reveal that the CSAWP has had positive development impacts. Findings suggest that the program is delivering social and economic benefits to migrant workers and their families. It has increased income, consumption, child schooling and improved health care. In addition to improving the standard of living for migrant workers and their families, the CSAWP has additional benefits at the community and national levels.

An analysis of multidimensional poverty and its determinants in the public university host communities in Ondo State, Nigeria

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyse the influence of household and community characteristics on multidimensional poverty in communities hosting public universities in Ondo state, Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe study constructs Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) using Alkire-Foster methodology and uses logistic regression to analyse the likelihood of experiencing multidimensional poverty.FindingsFindings from the study suggest that child schooling attendance, child mortality and asset ownership are the indicators in which households are mostly deprived in education, health and living standards consecutively. In addition, using logistic regression, the study finds multidimensional poverty reducing effects of education, age (before old), household size (having more economically active members), income and residing in urban areas. The study, however, documents that living far away from the universities increases the likelihood of experiencing multidimensional poverty in those communities.Research limitations/implicationsTo reduce multidimensional poverty in the communities of study, there is need to implement policies that will improve child schooling, reduce infant mortality, increase gainful employment and create enabling environment for asset ownership. This is in addition to upgrading infrastructure in those communities especially in their fringe areas so that development can spread, and multidimensional poverty reduction can follow in no distant future.Originality/valueUnlike capturing the effect of location on possibility of experiencing poverty using rural or urban dummy, the authors, in addition to that, incorporate distance to university variable on the premise of distance decay mechanism.

Who Chooses School?

Universally, research shows that early childhood education (ECE) contributes to children's development in the very early years. Governments among developed countries subsidize an ample amount of money for children's early education development to generate and enhance human capital. Consequently, in developing countries like Bangladesh, ECE is driven by the family, where family socio-economic conditions make a significant contribution to children's transition from home to school, and to ensure their children begin school at a very early age. This qualitative case study explores parental socio-economic aspirations and the phenomena of ECE initiatives by the government for child transitions from home to schools in Bangladesh. This empirical research contributes by placing parental aspirations for child schooling and focusing on the information-gathering actions by parents in line with the social conditions that inspire parents to choose schools for their children.

High Levels of Stress Due to the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic among Parents of Children with and without Chronic Conditions across the USA

Background: The 2020 SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to community-wide measures affecting parents and children such as school/daycare closures, job losses, and interruptions in medical care for children with chronic diseases. This is the first study to describe the level of stress and mental health of parents of either healthy children or children with chronic conditions, during the 2020 pandemic. Methods: A representative sample of US parents was recruited from 10–17 April 2020. Parents completed online questionnaires about the past 7 days, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Resilient Coping Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, Parental Stress Scale, PROMIS Anxiety and Depression scales and various other pandemic-related stress questions Results: Levels of stressors (e.g., job loss, school closures, etc.) were high during this time (e.g., 79% of children attended home/online school) and parents reported being moderately to highly stressed. Rates of clinical anxiety (44.6%) and depression (42.2%) were high. Parents of children with chronic conditions reported higher levels of stress and worse mental health, but did not differ from other parents in dealing with stress or interruptions in work, child schooling, and marital satisfaction. Discussion: The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced unprecedented levels of stress for parents, especially those of children with chronic conditions. Mental health effects are expected to continue for months/years and preparation is needed to meet an increasing demand for mental health care.

Paid Employment and Empowerment of Women Tea Plantation Workers: A Qualitative Inquiry

This explorative study is an assessment on empowerment of female tea garden workers through capabilities approach analysis. This study is conducted in a tea estate in Sylhet named Dholdoli. This study has shown that empowerment, in most cases, is found affirmative. Besides reviewing related literature and past research reports, the study is mainly based on primary field data. This study has collected qualitative data following an in-depth interview method of research. The tea garden has been selected purposively. For acquiring qualitative data, the study has involved a number of research participants, such as workers, management staffs, employers, union leaders, buyers and other local stakeholders. The study will mainly focus on in-depth interview techniques. Results show that most of the respondents have control over their own income (including expenditure and saving) but as they have been paid in low amounts, they can hardly save anything, also they exhibit very explicitly that they have a participation in the decision of their child schooling, family planning, and other facts in social and political issues. They can participate in their local panchayet at or even in national election without any pursuing of a male member of their family.

IMPACT OF REGIONAL WEALTH DISPARITIES ON CHILD SCHOOLING: A CASE OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar o efeito da disparidade de riqueza entre os distritos de Punjab na matrícula escolar de crianças de 3 a 14 anos de idade no período de 2008, 2011, 2014. Este estudo utilizou o modelo probit e também usa o componente principal análise para criar um índice de disparidade de riqueza distrital para examinar como isso influencia a escolarização das crianças nas economias em desenvolvimento. As descobertas expõem que a probabilidade de matrícula escolar é influenciada negativamente pela disparidade de riqueza dos distritos nos três modelos, ou seja, para todas as crianças. Nas variáveis de controle, os domicílios que recebem remessas levam ao aumento da escolaridade das crianças. A educação dos pais aumenta a possibilidade de escolaridade nos três modelos. A educação da mãe afeta mais a matrícula infantil do que a educação da cabeça em todos os modelos. As crianças estavam menos dispostas a estudar no ano de 2007 para todos os três modelos. Os resultados sugerem que a diminuição da disparidade entre os distritos de Punjab deseja uma distribuição equivalente de fundos do governo de Punjab para os distritos. Pode aumentar o bem-estar da família através da matrícula de crianças no ensino médio. Este estudo cria um índice de disparidade de riqueza distrital usando a análise de componentes principais e utiliza uma fórmula diferencial para explicar as disparidades socioeconômicas regionais nos distritos de Punjab, no Paquistão.