A Note on New Construction of Meyer-König and Zeller Operators and Its Approximation Properties

The topic of approximation with positive linear operators in contemporary functional analysis and theory of functions has emerged in the last century. One of these operators is Meyer–König and Zeller operators and in this study a generalization of Meyer–König and Zeller type operators based on a function τ by using two sequences of functions will be presented. The most significant point is that the newly introduced operator preserves {1,τ,τ2} instead of classical Korovkin test functions. Then asymptotic type formula, quantitative results, and local approximation properties of the introduced operators are given. Finally a numerical example performed by MATLAB is given to visualize the provided theoretical results.

Convergence of Certain Baskakov Operators of Integral Type

In the present paper, we propose a Baskakov operator of integral type using a function φ on [0,∞) with the properties: φ(0)=0,φ′>0 on [0,∞) and limx→∞φ(x)=∞. The proposed operators reproduce the function φ and constant functions. For the constructed operator, some approximation properties are studied. Voronovskaja asymptotic type formulas for the proposed operator and its derivative are also considered. In the last section, the interest is focused on weighted approximation properties, and a weighted convergence theorem of Korovkin’s type on unbounded intervals is obtained. The results can be extended on the interval (−∞,0] (the symmetric of the interval [0,∞) from the origin).

Return- and hitting-time limits for rare events of null-recurrent Markov maps

We determine limit distributions for return- and hitting-time functions of certain asymptotically rare events for conservative ergodic infinite measure preserving transformations with regularly varying asymptotic type. Our abstract result applies, in particular, to shrinking cylinders around typical points of null-recurrent renewal shifts and infinite measure preserving interval maps with neutral fixed points.

The Poincaré series of $\mathbb C\setminus\mathbb Z$

We show that the Poincaré series of the Fuchsian group of deck transformations of ${\mathbb C}\setminus{\mathbb Z}$ diverges logarithmically. This is because ${\mathbb C}\setminus{\mathbb Z}$ is a ${\mathbb Z}$-cover of the three horned sphere, whence its geodesic flow has a good section which behaves like a random walk on ${\mathbb R}$ with Cauchy distributed jump distribution and has logarithmic asymptotic type.

Fatigue Reliability Functions in Semilogarithmic Coordinates

In the previous publication [2], the transformation between fatigue life and strength distribution was established using double-logarithmic coordinate system (lnN-lnS). Here, a similar transformation is established using a semi logarithmic (lnN-S) coordinate system. With the aid of the developed orthogonal relations, lognormal, Weibull and three-parameter logweibull life distributions have been transformed into normal, asymptotic type 1 of smallest value, and three-parameter Weibull strength distributions, respectively. This procedure may be applied to other types of fatigue life distribution.

Fatigue Reliability Functions in Semilogarithmic Coordinates

In the previous publication [2], the transformation between fatigue life and strength distribution was established using double-logarithmic coordinate system (InN-InS). Here, a similar transformation is established using a semilogarithmic (InN-S) coordinate system. It is assumed that the set of S = Sj (N/Qj) (j = 1,2,...,p) relations, plotted in the InN-S coordinates, becomes a family of parallel straight lines. With the aid of the developed orthogonal relations, lognormal, Weibull and three-parameter logweibull life distributions have been transformed into normal, asymptotic type 1 of smallest value, and three-parameter Weibull strength distributions, respectively. This procedure may be applied to other types of fatigue life distribution.

Wild Oat (Avena fatua) and Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Density Affect Spring Barley Grain Yield

Addition series field experiments were conducted near Moscow, ID, in 1987 and 1988 to determine the relative aggressiveness of spring barley and wild oat and to determine the effect of barley and wild oat density and proportion on barley grain yield and wild oat seed rain. Regression analysis was used to describe the relationship of the aboveground biomass and grain yield to species density. Barley was more aggressive than wild oat. Barley biomass was affected most by intraspecific competition, while wild oat biomass was affected most by interspecific competition. Barley aggressiveness changed little throughout the growing season. Wild oat aggressiveness varied but was always less than barley aggressiveness. Increasing wild oat density had a negative, asymptotic-type effect on barley grain yield at all barley densities. However, the effect of wild oat was greatest at the lower density of barley. Increasing barley density decreased wild oat seed rain.