SOME PROPERTIES OF ADSORPTIVE CARBON DRESSING APPLICABLE TO QUESTIONS OF POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT OF WOUNDS IN RATS WITH GUERIN CARCINOMA

Aim — еvaluation of the adsorptive potential of carbon dressing, including its activity towards microbial cells of clinical strains with high antimicrobial resistance, and its effect on the course of wound process after removing a massive tumor in Guerin's rats. Materials and Methods. Microbial cell adsorption of S. aureus, A. baumannii and K. Pneumoniae cultures were studied in vitro. Woundplanimetry, photo-monitoring, and odor control on a verbal rating scale were carried out to control the state of wounds. Results: 1-hour contact of cell cultures with adsorptive carbon dressing ensured the decrease in the number of bacterial cells by 60.6-96.3%.Theuse of dressing after removing the tumor permitted to stop quickly capillary bleeding, stop/reduce traumatic edema, lower the risk of infectingthe wounds under recurrence of carcinoma growth and increase the average lifespan of animals by 1.5 times. Conclusion: adsorptive carbon dressing with high adsorption potential can be considered asa promising application means for the prevention and treatment of wound infection.

Spectroscopy Resonance Plasmon Efficient Tool for Cell Adsorption

It is important to analyze cell monolayer adherence for the development of biomedical devices of anti-thrombogenic vascular grafts. Endothelial cells must be firmly attached to the biomaterials when cells are seeded in order to create a natural lining. Polystyrene (PS) is presented as a reproducible implant model substrate for studying cell – material interactions. Polystyrene was deposited as a thin layer on a thiol functionalized gold electrode. Fibronectin (Fn), a protein promoting the cell monolayer adhesion was adsorbed on PS surface. The different steps of this multilayer assembly were characterized by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technique. A right shift of the SPR resonance angle θSPR was observed leading an increase from 65.5 deg in the case of gold electrode to 66.8 deg in the case where cell monolayer was cultured onto functionalized gold substrate. A shift in the SPR peak minimum intensity was detected in the SPR response of Au/Thiol/PS/Fn and Au/Thiol/PS/Fn/Cell multilayer assembly structures. This result is explained using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images and according transverse profiles which indicate surface morphological modifications in term of thickness.

Essential Oils for the Treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

Infections with herpes simplex virus type (HSV)-1 and HSV-2 are distributed worldwide. Although standard therapies with acyclovir and other synthetic drugs are available, the safety and efficacy of these drugs are limited due to the development of drug resistance and adverse side effects. The literature on essential oils and isolated compounds was reviewed regarding their antiviral activities against HSV-1 and HSV-2. The present overview aims to review experimental data and clinical trials focusing on the antiviral activity of selected essential oils and isolated oil components. HSV was found to be susceptible to many essential oils and their constituents. Whereas some essential oils and compounds exhibit direct virucidal activity or inhibit intracellular replication, many essential oils and compounds interact with HSV particles thereby inhibiting cell adsorption. Ayclovir-resistant HSV strains are also susceptible to essential oils since their mode of action is different from the synthetic drug. There are numerous publications on the antiherpetic activity of essential oils and their isolated active compounds. This field of research is still growing, and more clinical trials are required to explore the full potential of different essential oils for the topical treatment of herpetic infections.

Title: Mechanisms of Host Cell Binding and Neurotropism of Zika Virus

Zika virus (ZIKV) recently emerged in the Western Hemisphere with previously unrecognized or unreported clinical presentations. Here, we identify two distinct binding mechanisms of ancestral and emergent ZIKV strains featuring the envelope (E) protein residue ASN154 and viral phosphatidylserine (PS). Short (20-mer) peptides representing the region containing ASN154 from strains PRVABC59 (Puerto Rico 2015) and MR_766 (Uganda 1947) were exposed to neuronal cells and fibroblasts, expecting interactions to be representative of ZIKV E protein/cell interactions, and bound MDCK or Vero cells and primary neurons significantly above a scrambled PRVABC59 control peptide. Peptides also significantly inhibited Vero cell adsorption by ZIKV strains MR_766 and PRVABC59, indicating that we have identified a binding mechanism of ancestral African ZIKV strains and emergent Western Hemisphere strains.Pretreatment of ZIKV MR_766 and PRVABC59 with the PS-binding protein annexin V significantly inhibited replication of PRVABC59, but not MR_766, suggesting that Western hemisphere strains are additionally utilizing PS-mediated entry to infect host cells. Taken together, these data indicate that we have identified an ancestral binding mechanism of ZIKV, and a secondary binding mechanism utilized by Western Hemisphere strains.