Options for Modernization of Heat Supply to Consumers of Condensing Power Plant

High competition and strict requirements of the wholesale electricity and capacity market make optimization of heat supply schemes an urgent issue for generating companies. Replacement of life-expired generation equipment with new capacities based on advanced technologies is a priority goal for the energy industry development. This work focuses on condensing power plant (CPP), which is the only source in the city that supplies heat to all consumer categories. The plant carries out quantitative and qualitative heat supply regulation according to the temperature profile of 135/70°C with a cutoff of 110/70°C. The study examines the possibility of CPP modernization based on three options: building a pressure-reducing cooling unit 140/12, commissioning an auxiliary boiler house, and building a 110 MW combined-cycle gas plant. This paper presents technical solutions for the considered options and preliminary technical and economic calculations of their efficiency.

OPTIMIZATION OF HEAT SUPPLY AND WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR REMOTE RURAL REGIONS

The problems of providing various types of energy to remote isolated settlements, territorial and climatic features consideration are reviewed, a three – pipe water supply system, a technology working on solid fuel for heat and electricity supply adapted to the conditions of a particular village are proposed. The use of the proposed methods of supply will reduce the cost of electricity, heat, water and gaseous fuel. Which will be quite acceptable for families with medium and small incomes. The described technology for producing gas with an acceptable calorific value is based on partial heat treatment of coal. The presence of gaseous fuel allows you to transfer cooking to the supply of fuel from a single.

Optimization of Heat Supply Reliability with Account to the Active Consumer Functions

The article considers the problem of analyzing and optimizing the reliability of heat supply to an active consumer (AP) of thermal energy in heat supply systems (HSS), taking into account their additional thermal power provided by their own sources of thermal energy (IT). The stated scientific and methodological problem consists in determining the optimal ratio of the values of the reliability parameters of the HSS elements (failure rates and / or restorations) and the power of the own IT AP, which ensures the required level of reliability of heat supply with minimal total costs to ensure the elemental reliability of the system and the operation of its own IT AP. The authors propose solutions based on the use of the theory of reliability, models of Markov random processes, some regularities of the theory of probability, nodal PN, models of the theory of hydraulic circuits and enlarged regularities of thermophysical processes occurring during heat supply to consumers. A computational experiment was carried out using the developed methods based on the TSS test circuit with characte­ristics close to real systems, providing the basis for conclusions and directions for further research.

Problems of Modeling and Optimization of Heat Supply Systems

This chapter presents new methods and software system SOSNA intended for the parameter optimization of heat supply systems. They make it possible to calculate large-scale systems which have a complex structure with any set of nodes, sections, and circuits. A new methodological approach to solving the problem of the parameter optimization of the heat supply systems is developed. The approach is based on the multi-level decomposition of the network model, which allows us to proceed from the initial problem to less complex sub-problems of a smaller dimension. New algorithms are developed to numerically solve the parameter optimization problems of heat supply systems: an effective algorithm based on the multi-loop optimization method, which allows us to consider hierarchical creation of the network model in the course of problem solving; a parallel high-speed algorithm based on the dynamic programming method. The new methods and algorithms were used in the software system SOSNA.

Problems of Modeling and Optimization of Heat Supply Systems

This chapter deals with the problem of comprehensive analysis of heat supply reliability for consumers. It implies a quantitative assessment of the impact of all stages of heat energy production and distribution on heat supply reliability for each consumer of the heat supply system. A short review of existing methods for the analysis of fuel and heat supply reliability is presented that substantiates the key approaches to solving the problem of comprehensive analysis of heat supply reliability. A methodological approach is suggested, in which mathematical models and methods for nodal evaluation of heat supply reliability for consumers are developed and the studies on the impact of different elements of fuel and heat supply systems on its level are described. Mathematical modeling is based on the Markov random processes, models of flow distribution in a heat network, deterministic dependences of thermal processes of heat energy consumption and some other models.

Problems of Modeling and Optimization of Heat Supply Systems

In the chapter, one of widespread models of the organization of heat supply of consumers presented in the “Single buyer” format is considered. The scientific and methodical base for its description and research offers to accept the fundamental principles of the theory of hydraulic circuits, bi-level programming, principles of economics in the energy sector. Distinctive feature of the developed mathematical model is that it, along with traditionally solved tasks within the bilateral relations heat sources – consumers of heat, considers a network component with physics and technology properties of a heat network inherent in it, and also the economic factors connected with costs of production and transport of heat energy. This approach gives the chance to define the optimum levels of load of heat sources, providing the set demand for heat energy from consumers taking into account receiving with heat sources of the greatest possible profit and performance thus of conditions of formation of the minimum costs in heat networks during the considered time period. Practical realization of the developed mathematical model is considered by the example of the heat supply system with two heat sources, working for single heat networks. With the help of the developed model are carried plotting optimal load heat sources during the year, as well as a nomogram for determining the average tariffs for heat energy heat sources.

Problems of Modeling and Optimization of Heat Supply Systems

The paper addresses the issue of optimal expansion and reconstruction of heat supply systems, which includes a set of general and specific problems. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to their solving is required to obtain a technically admissible and economically sound result. Solving the problem suggests search for effective directions in expansion of a system in terms of allocation of new heat sources, their type, output; construction of new heat networks, their schemes and parameters; detection of “bottlenecks” in the system and ways of their elimination (expansion, dismantling, replacement of heat pipeline sections, construction of pumping stations). The authors present a mathematical statement of the problem, its decomposition into separate subproblems and an integrated technique to solve it. Consideration is given to a real problem solved for a real heat supply system. A set of arising problems is presented. The application of developed methodological and computational tools is shown.

New Results in Development of Methods for Optimization of Heat Supply System Parameters and Their Software Implementation

Modern practice of solving the problems of heat supply system design generates the need to solve the problem of choosing optimal parameters for a considerable set of equipment. The problem of choosing optimal parameters involves determining the diameters of new heat pipelines, searching for the methods to reconstruct existing network sections, and choosing the pressure heads of pumping stations and their sites. To solve this problem the authors suggest a dynamic programming method for optimization of branched networks and a multiloop optimization method for calculation of loop networks, both being developed in the theory of hydraulic circuits. The paper presents new versions of algorithms for the implementation of these methods and describes their capabilities. These algorithms are implemented in the software package SOSNA-M. This software was developed on the basis of a methodological approach created to develop algorithms and methods for optimization of heat supply system parameters, flexibly control the computational process, optimize heat supply system parameters on a feasible set of equipment and improve the types of reconstruction of the existing components.