CSE (Ceftriaxone+ Sulbactam+ Disodium Edta): A Possible Solution to the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Pandemic

The menace of multidrug resistance among bacterial infections is an issue of global public health. Treatment of these superbugs with first line antibiotics is associated with significant treatment failure leading to increased mortality and morbidity. Carbapenems and polymyxins are the saviour antibiotics in case of such infections. But the problem is compounded when these antimicrobials also fail. The addition of beta-lactamase inhibitor like sulbactam and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid broaden the in vitro antibacterial action of ceftriaxone. This novel combination has been found to be effective in most of the drug resistant bacterial strains.

EDTA Chelation Therapy for the Treatment of Neurotoxicity

Neurotoxicity can be caused by numerous direct agents, of which toxic metals, organophosphorus pesticides, air pollution, radiation and electromagnetic fields, neurotoxins, chemotherapeutic and anesthetic drugs, and pathogens are the most important. Other indirect causes of neurotoxicity are cytokine and/or reactive oxygen species production and adoptive immunotherapy. The development of neurodegenerative diseases has been associated with neurotoxicity. Which arms are useful to prevent or eliminate neurotoxicity? The chelating agent calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)—previously used to treat cardiovascular diseases—is known to be useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes how EDTA functions as a therapeutic agent for these diseases. Some case studies are reported to confirm our findings.

Efficacy of Salmide®, a Sodium Chlorite-Based Oxy-Halogen Disinfectant, to Inactivate Bacterial Pathogens and Extend Shelf-Life of Broiler Carcasses1

The biocidal activity of Salmide®, a sodium chlorite-based oxyhalogen disinfectant, was tested alone and in combination with either 1.34 mM disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.347 mM sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or 210 mM trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4) against a nalidixic acid-resistant strain of Salmonella typhimurium NAr inoculated onto fresh broiler drumstick skin. Following a 10-min exposure to increasing Salmide® concentrations (ranging from 27 to 81 mM) at 37°C, the S. typhimurium NAr population on the broiler skin was reduced by 57.3 to 85.2%. Each Salmide® test concentration applied in combination with 1.34 mM EDTA produced S. typhimuriumNAr population reductions in excess of 97%. A similar trend (93.1 to 98.2% reductions) was observed for treatments containing 27, 54 or 81 mM Salmide® and 0.347 mM SLS. However, when S. typhimuriumNAr was exposed to 210 mM Na3PO4 alone, a 99.5% population reduction was observed. This value was not significantly different from those obtained for treatments containing 210 mM Na3PO4 and 27, 54 or 81 mM Salmide®. In addition, 27 mM Salmide® was evaluated alone or in combination with 1.34 mM EDTA for the extension of broiler drumstick shelf-life. Based on the enumeration of mesophilic and psychrotrophic populations, the combined Salmide® and EDTA treatment was shown to produce a slight extension in broiler drumstick shelf-life compared to an untreated control. Treatment effects detected by drumstick skin Hunter color reflectance measurements during refrigerated storage were inconsistent.