Wealth of children from single-parent families: Low levels and high inequality in Germany

Families’ economic wealth is a resource that can provide children with crucial advantages early in their lives. Prior research identified substantial variation of wealth levels between different family types with children from single-parent families being most disadvantaged. The causes of this disadvantage, how much the disadvantage varies between children and how the non-resident parents’ wealth may potentially reduce the disadvantage remain unclear. To address these research gaps, we use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (2002–17) to examine the level of and inequality in wealth for children from single-parent families using recentred influence function regression and decomposition analysis. We replicate earlier findings of a large wealth disadvantage for children in single-parent families. We find that the wealth disadvantage can be mainly explained with compositional differences in household income and employment characteristics. Beyond level differences, inequality between children from single-parent families is higher than for other family types and this inequality can only partly be explained by observed demographic and socio-economic characteristics. When considering the wealth of non-resident parents, the wealth disadvantage of children in single-parent families is reduced but remains substantial. JEL-codes: D31, D1, J1

Features of manifestations of anxiety conditions of primary schoolchildren from incomplete families: empirical experience

In the article notes the relevance of the problem of manifestations of anxiety states in junior schoolchildren from single-parent families. The essence of anxiety as an emotional state (the experience of emotional discomfort associated with the expectation of trouble) and a personality trait (an increased tendency to feel safe in any life situations) is revealed. The results of the study of anxiety states in junior schoolchildren from single-parent families, which made it possible to determine the high level of manifestation of anxiety in various life situations and to highlight the dominant factors of its formation, are presented.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and policy response on single-parent families in Malaysia

PurposeThe study focuses on the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and policy measures implemented by the Malaysian government to address issues during this period. The study examines the impacts on the financial security and mental health of single-parent families in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a cross-sectional survey to obtain data about single-parent families. To support the information collected with the survey, interviews were conducted with six representatives from six single-parent associations.FindingsThe study identified that policy measures implemented by the Malaysian government have helped improve the financial security of single-parent families. However, for mental health, the support single parents received was not able to provide better quality of life, as the majority were severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially during lockdown, before they received any assistance from the government.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted during the pandemic; thus, the study was not able to include a larger sample of single parents. Therefore, the findings cannot be generalized to explain nationwide issues. However, the study provides important insights into understanding the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on people, especially single-parent families.Practical implicationsThe study confirmed that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected single parents in different ways. Financial security and mental health, the focus of this study, have provided a clear justification for how pandemics could affect people’s lives. Specifically, the situation was exacerbated after the implementation of movement control orders in Malaysia, and it has continuously affected the living conditions of single-parent families.Social implicationsThe study focuses on single-parent families, a group that receives less attention from the government and policies, although this group is recognized as one of the vulnerable groups. Understanding this context helps to provide a clear guide for how policies can be formulated and provides equal attention to assist this group in the future.Originality/valueThis study focuses on single-parent families. Few studies have examined this perspective using Malaysia as the study context. Moreover, the study analyzes the pandemic situation, and this area is still new and underexplored.

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA KELUARGA SINGLE PARENT DI BOJONEGORO

ABSTRACTCharacter education must be carried out collectively and massively, including in the family environment. This study aims to describe the socialization of character values in single parent families in Bojonegoro. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, and takes place in Dusun Beton, Kedungadem District, Bojonegoro Regency. The research informants were single parents who were selected purposively. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and extracting secondary data, and were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis model. The socialization of character education in single parent families in Bojonegoro is distinguished by the time of the divorce and the age of the child. In a single parent family, when the child's age of divorce is still small, it has an impact on the lack of character education. Divorce that occurs in parents gives value to the child's understanding to repeat and not to repeat it in the future. Children in single parent families get more understanding and examples of behavior as well as values and norms in high school. In addition, a child sees himself as a victim of his parents' behavior. While the social learning process is at the stage of imitation and modeling.Keywords: education, character, family, single parent AbstrakPendidikan karakter harus dilakukan secara kolektif dan masif, termasuk di lingkungan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan sosialisasi nilai-nilai karakter pada keluarga single parent di Bojonegoro. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, dan mengambil lokasi di Dusun Beton, Kecamatan Kedungadem, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Informan penelitian adalah orangtua single parent yang dipilih secara purposive. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan penggalian data sekunder, serta dianalisis menggunakan model analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Sosialisasi pendidikan karakter pada keluarga single parent di Bojonegoro dibedakan berdasarkan waktu terjadinya perceraian dengan usia anak. Pada keluarga single parent yang waktu perceraiannya usia anak masih kecil berdampak minimnya pendidikan karakter. Peceraian yang terjadi pada orangtua memberikan nilai terhadap pemahaman anak untuk mengulang dan tidak mengulanginya di masa depan. Anak pada keluarga single parent lebih banyak mendapatan pemahaman dan contoh perilaku serta nilai dan norma di sekolah menengah. Selain itu, seorang anak menganggap dirinya sebagai korban terhadap perilaku orangtuanya. Sedangkan proses pembelajaran sosial berada pada tahap peniruan dan modeling.Kata Kunci: pendidikan, karakter, keluarga, orang tua tunggal

Shared Living, Shared Strength: Housing and Single Parenthood

<p><b>The number of single parent families in New Zealand is increasing. This household type is forecasted to represent twenty percent of all families in the country by 2021. Despite the growing concern over these families, the majority of New Zealand’s existing housing stock fails to address their housing needs.</b></p> <p>Single parent families often hold the following housing needs as important – affordability, accessibility to services, a sense of community, safety and security, and a positive image. The research investigates how housing in New Zealand can be designed to fit more closely to these needs.</p> <p>A review of architectural literature and leading practice is conducted to find the relevant architectural ideas that can help to address these needs. Ideas include alternative housing strategies (i.e. work-live arrangements, cohousing, mixed-use and integrated living), concepts for the creation of social space, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), guidelines for designing safer homes for children, methods of creating barrier-free design and approaches to reducing operating costs in housing.Through a reinterpretation of these ideas, a new housing exemplar is designed within the context of Wellington City. The research acknowledges that the design in this thesis is only supported in theory. An actual construction of a design with similar parameters is required in order to test and consolidate the ideas further. Nevertheless this thesis demonstrates how housing design can begin to service single parent families in New Zealand.</p>

Shared Living, Shared Strength: Housing and Single Parenthood

<p><b>The number of single parent families in New Zealand is increasing. This household type is forecasted to represent twenty percent of all families in the country by 2021. Despite the growing concern over these families, the majority of New Zealand’s existing housing stock fails to address their housing needs.</b></p> <p>Single parent families often hold the following housing needs as important – affordability, accessibility to services, a sense of community, safety and security, and a positive image. The research investigates how housing in New Zealand can be designed to fit more closely to these needs.</p> <p>A review of architectural literature and leading practice is conducted to find the relevant architectural ideas that can help to address these needs. Ideas include alternative housing strategies (i.e. work-live arrangements, cohousing, mixed-use and integrated living), concepts for the creation of social space, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), guidelines for designing safer homes for children, methods of creating barrier-free design and approaches to reducing operating costs in housing.Through a reinterpretation of these ideas, a new housing exemplar is designed within the context of Wellington City. The research acknowledges that the design in this thesis is only supported in theory. An actual construction of a design with similar parameters is required in order to test and consolidate the ideas further. Nevertheless this thesis demonstrates how housing design can begin to service single parent families in New Zealand.</p>

Relevant Indicators of Social Vulnerability during Response Phase Context of Flooding inTebingTinggi City, North Sumatra Indonesia

Indicators to reflect vulnerability to flood vary among scholars. These variations tend to be developed primarily due to heavy dependency on the statistics data availability. Unless employing such predetermined indicators to assess the states of social vulnerability, scholars were less attracted to study what relevant indicators should be in assessing such social vulnerability. Apart from this gap, majority of the studies have overlooked the significance of time-frame contexts of flooding in determining the situation of social vulnerability. Consequently, many conducted the investigations without questioning the relevance of indicators in terms of time-frame contexts. This current study, accordingly, attempts to investigate relevant indicators of social vulnerability to flood with respect to response phase context. With the study area of Tebing Tinggi in North Sumatra, 76 indicators are tested using Likert scale of survey and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). As a result, 6 retained components produce 12 relevant indicators to reflect social vulnerability to flood during response phase; they are: Elderly, Female, Single parent families, Household or per capita income, Children, Poverty and deprivation, Dependency, Informal sector/day labourer, Slum dwellers, Male, Renters, and Unemployment.