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2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Dean ◽  
Laura Beckmann ◽  
Kathrin Racherbäumer ◽  
Nina Bremm

PurposeIn the present study, we assessed how school improvement consultants, as part of a six-year model project conducted in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, were perceived by school leaders and how they defined their role(s), tasks and working methods as external consultants at the beginning of the project.Design/methodology/approachOur analyses are based on a mixed-methods approach, involving a standardized online survey of school leaders and 18 guideline-based interviews with school improvement consultants, which were conducted at the beginning of the model project. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and typifying structuring of the interview material.FindingsOur results based on the quantitative survey data showed that the school administrators generally rated the collaboration with the external consultants as not very positive. Furthermore, our qualitative findings showed that the school improvement consultants in the model project faced resistance to their coaching efforts, which may be attributed to the obligatory nature of their work on the project. In general, the consulting process appeared to be little differentiated according to the school principals' perceptions of the school needs, with the consultants mainly proceeding as they also do in other coaching processes.Originality/valueThis study contributes to our understanding of coaching in improvement activities among schools serving disadvantaged communities by offering insights into the role(s) and working methods of external school improvement consultants.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhasish Dutta ◽  
J. Ajith Kumar

PurposePrevious research has investigated knowledge transfer and the external consultant's role in it, during enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation. In this study, the authors explore the processes through which knowledge creation happens during ERP implementation and how external consultants help operationalize the same.Design/methodology/approachThe authors engaged the SECI model of the theory of organizational knowledge creation and conducted an interpretive study that interviewed 14 ERP implementation experts in India. The interviews were transcribed and then analyzed using the ATLAS.ti package.FindingsThe findings reveal fine insights into how knowledge creation takes place during ERP implementation through the four modes of knowledge conversion – socialization (S), externalization (E), combination (C) and internalization (I). The external consultants aid in operationalizing this knowledge creation process through five types of knowledge-related activities: (I) importing external knowledge, (D) discovering internal knowledge, (E) extricating confined knowledge, (A) activating flows of knowledge and (S) solving problems using knowledge. These activities can be represented by the acronym, I-D-E-A-S.Originality/valueThe study makes two overarching contributions: (1) offering an interpretation and description of ERP implementation as a knowledge creation process and (2) extending the understanding of the external consultants' role during ERP implementation to include new knowledge creation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rico Motos ◽  
joan font ◽  
laurence bherer ◽  
graham smith

The need for democratic control of the application of expert knowledge is a common refrain in debates on the democratization of policy making. However, there has been relatively little attention empirically to how expert knowledge is integrated into local participatory processes. This paper analyzes how the assessments of local officers and external consultants are incorporated in a diversity of local participatory processes in Spain between 2007 and 2011. Our interest is in whether expert assessments of the feasibility of participants’ proposals takes place; and if so, whether there is transparent oversight of the application of these judgements. The paper combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to show the importance of institutional design when dealing with the timing, style and impact of expert knowledge in participatory processes.


Author(s):  
Florian Müller ◽  
Daniel Wenzl ◽  
Detlef Heck

The increasing complexity of construction projects has inevitably led to site managers are facing ever more complex claims. As a result, they are increasingly occupied with claim management. Their primary task, however, is to carry out the project and claim management is considered a secondary task. Furthermore, site managers often lack both the know-how and the resources required for handling complex claims. Attaining a successful outcome for a claim, demands stringent causal evidence for each single event linked to its effects. This makes documentation and quantification of a complex claim exceptionally difficult. Site managers tend to underestimate the complexity of a claim-causing event and as a consequence may often be too late in notifying internal company experts or external consultants focusing on claim management. This paper aims to categorize deviations causing a claim according to its complexity at the time of its occurrence. To do so, a quantitative survey was handed out to site managers in the Austrian construction industry. Based on the findings, the authors designed a decision-making matrix to classify claim-causing events according to their complexity. This will allow site managers to take necessary measures processing a claim and mitigate possible disputes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-122
Author(s):  
Idriz Selimović ◽  
Mirko Markič

Research Question (RQ): Does the company need an external consultant to make organizational changes? Purpose: We want to examine the role of external consultants in introducing organizational change in an organization. Method: In our article, we will use: systematic review guidelines, integrative study review guidelines, meta-analysis guidelines, and literature review scope guidelines. We selected the literature through the main academic bibliographic databases Web of science, Elsevier, Jstor, Emerald. We used the following keywords to search for relevant literature: Organizational Change, Consultant, Management, Introduction of changes, Process, Consultancy industry. Results: While the added value that consultants can add to a company has long attracted the attention of management, critical interest in the consulting process is relatively new. However, the growing interest in consultants has also brought about a growing critical debate on the justification for hiring consultants. In our article, we will present the pros and cons of hiring external consultants. Organization: The organization always needs sober thinking or needs an external consultant when introducing changes. Society: Progress and success in the organization can be achieved without expensive external experts and always new approaches, simply by using "common sense". With this approach, we achieve that as many organizations as possible are dedicated to the implementation of this common sense in their processes. Originality: The article highlights the key elements that need to be considered when introducing organizational changes in order to avoid costly external consultants. Limitations / further research: The basis of the article is the theoretical findings of world authors from the studied field, the results of empirical research would be interesting.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Josipovic

While there are many external consultants who greatly contribute to the success of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) projects, not all consulting engagements are without challenges. In order to make the best use of consulting resources and increase return on investment (ROI), it is important to identify what challenges may arise in management of consultants and what practices can help managers in dealing with these challenges. Therefore, the objective of this research is to gain additional insights into potential challenges and enabling practices in management of consultants by examining experiences and perspectives of managers. This is an exploratory qualitative research that employs semi-structured interviews, and coding and thematic analysis. The empirical data is examined through the lenses of agency theory and transaction cost economics. A number of constructs from these two theoretical frameworks are extended into new sub-constructs that are grounded in the empirical data.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Josipovic

While there are many external consultants who greatly contribute to the success of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) projects, not all consulting engagements are without challenges. In order to make the best use of consulting resources and increase return on investment (ROI), it is important to identify what challenges may arise in management of consultants and what practices can help managers in dealing with these challenges. Therefore, the objective of this research is to gain additional insights into potential challenges and enabling practices in management of consultants by examining experiences and perspectives of managers. This is an exploratory qualitative research that employs semi-structured interviews, and coding and thematic analysis. The empirical data is examined through the lenses of agency theory and transaction cost economics. A number of constructs from these two theoretical frameworks are extended into new sub-constructs that are grounded in the empirical data.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Buttazzoni ◽  
Roberto Leal

This manual is intended as a entry-point for IDB personnel, executing agencies and external consultants who want to estimate GHG emissions for IDB projects. After discussing the rationale and principles behind GHG accounting, the manual illustrates the key steps of the GHG accounting process and describes some of the tools used by IDB to estimate and assess projects impacts on GHG emissions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-101
Author(s):  
I. A. Korshunov ◽  
G. A. Chakhoyan ◽  
A. M. Tyunin ◽  
E. L. Lyakhovetskaya

Introduction. In market economy, the internal and external processes of educational organisations are becoming more complex. There is a need to identify managerial practices, which can be delegated to external consultants. The process of defining such practices is not completely studied. The application of expert support from leaders and management teams is often situational.The aim of the present research is to identify the range of managerial problems of educational organisations, which cause the need to resort to external consulting support.Methodology and research methods. The application of the method of cluster analysis of text data of periodicals allowed the authors to investigate a potential market for consulting services, to identify the modern management needs of educational organizations and the experience of their solution by external organisations. The analysis of open data of consulting organisations was carried out to identify real practices.Results. The main management problems of educational organisations and the types of consulting services necessary for their solution are considered and classified. The main approaches to defining the framework of educational consulting are highlighted. The authors have developed the method for monitoring the prospective market for consulting services. It was determined that the growing demand for consulting services and the expansion of the range of these services are associated with the formation of a market environment in the education system and the desire of management of educational organisations to provide a competitive advantage. The cases of Russian and foreign consulting organisations were analysed and grouped in accordance with the proposed typology.Scientific novelty. In academic literature, the study of this issue is mainly limited to defining the boundaries of educational consulting. The authors have made an attempt to identify typical situations, in which managers of educational organisations need to request the services of external experts.Practical significance. The results of the current research can serve as a guideline for the management of educational organisations, when making managerial decisions. It will allow the managers to determine the cases, in which it is possible to turn to external consultants according to the supply conditions on the market, and to identify the issues, regarding which it is desirable to rely solely on internal resources.


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