Public policy on city center revitalization based on the Town Centre Management concept

Nowadays, it is impossible to ensure sustainable development of the state without using innovative policies of territorial development, one of which is a city revitalization policy. This article defines the main causes of city center degradation and typical approaches to revitalizing city centers in Europe and North America. The New Urbanism principles are outlined as regards city center revitalization, with an emphasis on their potential importance for sustainable urban development. The evolution of Town Centre Management (TCM) and the features of its application are characterized by authors with a focus on the mechanisms of anti-crisis management professionalization in the conditions of degrading city centers. A model of the public policy on city center revitalization based on the TCM concept is presented, which envisages the functioning of a TCM manager (office) of (with a list of the main tasks); objectives and the sequence of policy implementation stages; application of tools for public participation and a public-private partnership in this process; city center revival through an integrated effect on various spheres (community, economy, space and environment), and, as a result, achievement of a multiplicative effect for the promotion and development of the entire city. The study used a set of general scientific and specialized methods that are based on the modern scientific principles of public administration and its related sciences (geography, economics, sociology, culturology, etc.), and interdisciplinary and systematic approaches.

Endemic Light

<p>This thesis explores endemic light and atmosphere through the shifting scales of three architectural interventions. These interventions are guided by site and theoretical research, providing justification for the notion of endemic light. This notion develops upon the concept of site specific architecture and place. It is the synthesis of site context – combining both ephemeral and phenomenological qualities to create engaging and evocative architectural experiences. Analysis of the Mackenzie Basin site established an overarching understanding of the atmospheric, physical, social and historical contexts of the area. Peter Zumthor, Steven Holl, Juhani Pallasmaa and Christian Norberg-Schulz provide key justifications for the theoretical investigation of light, atmosphere, and place; as well as ongoing precedence for the research through design process. This process explores three interventions, moving up in scale from an installation, to a domestic dwelling, and finally a public building. The installation operates at an interactive scale, exploring abstract concepts of condensing light within a space, through manipulation of light, colour and texture. The domestic scale expands on this research, developing condensed light and atmosphere at a habitable scale. Through designing for light and atmosphere the dwelling becomes a device for endemic atmospheric experiences in a domestic context. The final scale explores a public building in the form of a town centre for Twizel. This intervention adapts the notion of condensing light within interior spaces, instead exploring at an urban scale, intensifying them externally through courtyards and exterior building form. The thesis concludes, that successful and immersive architectural experiences are generated through strong ephemeral and phenomenological connections and engagement with site and endemic light.</p>

Endemic Light

<p>This thesis explores endemic light and atmosphere through the shifting scales of three architectural interventions. These interventions are guided by site and theoretical research, providing justification for the notion of endemic light. This notion develops upon the concept of site specific architecture and place. It is the synthesis of site context – combining both ephemeral and phenomenological qualities to create engaging and evocative architectural experiences. Analysis of the Mackenzie Basin site established an overarching understanding of the atmospheric, physical, social and historical contexts of the area. Peter Zumthor, Steven Holl, Juhani Pallasmaa and Christian Norberg-Schulz provide key justifications for the theoretical investigation of light, atmosphere, and place; as well as ongoing precedence for the research through design process. This process explores three interventions, moving up in scale from an installation, to a domestic dwelling, and finally a public building. The installation operates at an interactive scale, exploring abstract concepts of condensing light within a space, through manipulation of light, colour and texture. The domestic scale expands on this research, developing condensed light and atmosphere at a habitable scale. Through designing for light and atmosphere the dwelling becomes a device for endemic atmospheric experiences in a domestic context. The final scale explores a public building in the form of a town centre for Twizel. This intervention adapts the notion of condensing light within interior spaces, instead exploring at an urban scale, intensifying them externally through courtyards and exterior building form. The thesis concludes, that successful and immersive architectural experiences are generated through strong ephemeral and phenomenological connections and engagement with site and endemic light.</p>

The Gateway to the South: Enhancing Connectivity between Port and Town

<p>This thesis explores how issues that have arisen from large scale ferry ports and industrial developments have resulted in disrupting the connectivity to neighbouring townships. It proposes a novel architecturally resolved terminal and ferry port, with a speculative siting in Picton to re-establish a relationship between port and township through connectivity and synergy. Rapid change, growth and master planning within the ferry industry all play a vital role in anticipating land and infrastructural needs. A key interface between a roro (roll-on roll-off) vessel and the shore is essential to ensure optimum traffic flow for fast operation. Due the ferry’s roro service of transporting and carrying vehicles it is common for the main highways to and from the port to bypass a neighbouring township, resulting in fewer tourists visiting the neighbouring town centre. Railway tracks also play a similar role in creating boundaries of segregation between the port and town. In towns where the port is disproportionately large in relation to township, such as Dover in South-East England, Ballygillane, Rosslare Ireland and Picton New Zealand, infrastructural pressures have resulted in an imbalance in hierarchy between the ferry port and the township. It is important to re-establish a relationship between ferry ports and their neighbouring towns to rehabilitate the small township to ensure its place for future use. The thesis investigates architecture’s role in reconciling a large scale ferry terminal with a small township. It asks how architecture, urban design and infrastructure can be applied to a township to enforce connectivity between ferry port and town. This thesis explores the question by proposing a case study design in Picton New Zealand. The relationship that roro ferry terminals have to their local context is impeded by train tracks, rail yards, car parking and marshalling yards. To analyse this large land-use component, the design uses three key functioning scales; Urban, Infrastructure and Architectural. i) Urban: The Urban Design reinforces the connection of the land to the sea. This was achieved by excavating a large portion of reclaimed land. This acknowledges the towns past and history, both topographically and culturally. This was developed into a new marina, bringing the sea edge closer to the township acting as a connection to the terminal and port. (ii) Infrastructure: Functionality and layout is critical, Port infrastructure layouts were studied to determine the most beneficial arrangement. The rail marshalling yards were pushed away from the town centre to eliminate segregation of the township, and the vehicle stacking yards were moved closer to the town to encourage movement between the town and port. (iii) Architectural : The architectural design of the Ferry Terminal uses inspiration from historic narratives and case study analysis from iconic ferry terminals around the world such as Naoshima ferry terminal, White Bay Cruise terminal and Vancouver Cruise terminal. The architectural scale also consists of three other key design elements that enhance the journey from terminal to town a drawbridge, a designed town edge and a redevelopment of the Edwin fox museum. These three structures are positioned on key pathways for community and social interaction. The three scales above identify individual key drivers of each scale in the design. The thesis argues that the introduction of a “new” ferry terminal coupled with a new urban design framework could improve connectivity between the ferry and the township transforming Picton into a more dynamic, economically viable township.</p>

The Gateway to the South: Enhancing Connectivity between Port and Town

<p>This thesis explores how issues that have arisen from large scale ferry ports and industrial developments have resulted in disrupting the connectivity to neighbouring townships. It proposes a novel architecturally resolved terminal and ferry port, with a speculative siting in Picton to re-establish a relationship between port and township through connectivity and synergy. Rapid change, growth and master planning within the ferry industry all play a vital role in anticipating land and infrastructural needs. A key interface between a roro (roll-on roll-off) vessel and the shore is essential to ensure optimum traffic flow for fast operation. Due the ferry’s roro service of transporting and carrying vehicles it is common for the main highways to and from the port to bypass a neighbouring township, resulting in fewer tourists visiting the neighbouring town centre. Railway tracks also play a similar role in creating boundaries of segregation between the port and town. In towns where the port is disproportionately large in relation to township, such as Dover in South-East England, Ballygillane, Rosslare Ireland and Picton New Zealand, infrastructural pressures have resulted in an imbalance in hierarchy between the ferry port and the township. It is important to re-establish a relationship between ferry ports and their neighbouring towns to rehabilitate the small township to ensure its place for future use. The thesis investigates architecture’s role in reconciling a large scale ferry terminal with a small township. It asks how architecture, urban design and infrastructure can be applied to a township to enforce connectivity between ferry port and town. This thesis explores the question by proposing a case study design in Picton New Zealand. The relationship that roro ferry terminals have to their local context is impeded by train tracks, rail yards, car parking and marshalling yards. To analyse this large land-use component, the design uses three key functioning scales; Urban, Infrastructure and Architectural. i) Urban: The Urban Design reinforces the connection of the land to the sea. This was achieved by excavating a large portion of reclaimed land. This acknowledges the towns past and history, both topographically and culturally. This was developed into a new marina, bringing the sea edge closer to the township acting as a connection to the terminal and port. (ii) Infrastructure: Functionality and layout is critical, Port infrastructure layouts were studied to determine the most beneficial arrangement. The rail marshalling yards were pushed away from the town centre to eliminate segregation of the township, and the vehicle stacking yards were moved closer to the town to encourage movement between the town and port. (iii) Architectural : The architectural design of the Ferry Terminal uses inspiration from historic narratives and case study analysis from iconic ferry terminals around the world such as Naoshima ferry terminal, White Bay Cruise terminal and Vancouver Cruise terminal. The architectural scale also consists of three other key design elements that enhance the journey from terminal to town a drawbridge, a designed town edge and a redevelopment of the Edwin fox museum. These three structures are positioned on key pathways for community and social interaction. The three scales above identify individual key drivers of each scale in the design. The thesis argues that the introduction of a “new” ferry terminal coupled with a new urban design framework could improve connectivity between the ferry and the township transforming Picton into a more dynamic, economically viable township.</p>

Strategies for 3D Modelling of Buildings from Airborne Laser Scanner and Photogrammetric Data Based on Free-Form and Model-Driven Methods: The Case Study of the Old Town Centre of Bordeaux (France)

This paper presents a data-driven free-form modelling method dedicated to the parametric modelling of buildings with complex shapes located in particularly valuable Old Town Centres, using Airborne LiDAR Scanning (ALS) data and aerial imagery. The method aims to reconstruct and preserve the input point cloud based on the relative density of the data. The method is based on geometric operations, iterative transformations between point clouds, meshes, and shape identification. The method was applied on a few buildings located in the Old Town Centre of Bordeaux (France). The 3D model produced shows a mean distance to the point cloud of 0.058 m and a standard deviation of 0.664 m. In addition, the incidence of building footprint segmentation techniques in automatic and interactive model-driven modelling was investigated and, in order to identify the best approach, six different segmentation methods were tested. The segmentation was performed based on the footprints derived from Digital Surface Model (DSM), point cloud, nadir images, and OpenStreetMap (OSM). The comparison between the models shows that the segmentation that produces the most accurate and precise model is the interactive segmentation based on nadir images. This research also shows that in modelling complex structures, the model-driven method can achieve high levels of accuracy by including an interactive editing phase in building 3D models.

Landside Synthesis

<p>The rapid development of commercial aviation produced the contemporary airport in its wake: a synthesis of culture, consumerism and infrastructure. While airports have remained for the most part in peripheral locations, they have developed to a scale and complexity comparable with that of the city/town centre. Isolated, internalized, edge cites. The Queenstown International Airport is the fourth busiest in New Zealand, with passenger traffic figures set to double in the next 25 years; the Wakatipu Basin in which it resides is currently the 2nd fastest growing population in New Zealand. A subsequent design hypothesis is established in line with the projected growth of both environments, questioning if an urban centre and an airport, two physically antithetical environments, can be synthesized if planned synonymously. A critique of the conventional terminal program is the primary initiator of a new form of development, along with design strategies for injecting the airport terminal into an urban environment. The physical design output of this thesis takes the form of an urban masterplan, contextualizing the town centre in relation to the existing built regions of the Wakatipu Basin, forming a framework to outwork the design of a new international airport at an architectural scale, investigating the implications of the program opened to a pedestrian environment.</p>

Landside Synthesis

<p>The rapid development of commercial aviation produced the contemporary airport in its wake: a synthesis of culture, consumerism and infrastructure. While airports have remained for the most part in peripheral locations, they have developed to a scale and complexity comparable with that of the city/town centre. Isolated, internalized, edge cites. The Queenstown International Airport is the fourth busiest in New Zealand, with passenger traffic figures set to double in the next 25 years; the Wakatipu Basin in which it resides is currently the 2nd fastest growing population in New Zealand. A subsequent design hypothesis is established in line with the projected growth of both environments, questioning if an urban centre and an airport, two physically antithetical environments, can be synthesized if planned synonymously. A critique of the conventional terminal program is the primary initiator of a new form of development, along with design strategies for injecting the airport terminal into an urban environment. The physical design output of this thesis takes the form of an urban masterplan, contextualizing the town centre in relation to the existing built regions of the Wakatipu Basin, forming a framework to outwork the design of a new international airport at an architectural scale, investigating the implications of the program opened to a pedestrian environment.</p>