Prosthetic liner-socket design for children with long congenital and amputated shoulder

BACKGROUND: Traditional cosmetic prosthetic designs for a long shoulder stump in children have several disadvantages, such as a rigid uncomfortable receiving socket, the need to use a strap fastening, and the non-cosmetic product due to the disproportionate shoulder and forearm length compared with the preserved limb. AIM: This study aimed to design, manufacture, and test a prototype of the shoulder stump liner-socket. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new liner-socket of a shoulder cosmetic prosthesis has been developed, confirmed by a Russian Federation patent for an invention, which for the first time, in the practice of domestic prosthetics, is made of two types of silicone and has been successfully used in cosmetic prosthetics for 17 children, of whom 10 previously used traditional long stump prosthesis. Satisfaction with new liner-socket prosthesis was analyzed using a psychometric scale compared with a conventional prosthesis. RESULTS: The developed design combines both the inner socket function, which allows the elbow hinge to be attached to it and the liner properties, which ensures a comfortable stay of the stump in the receiving socket due to the properties of silicone and excludes the use of traditional bandages. CONCLUSIONS: The presented medical and technical solution ensures the simplicity and reliability of fastening the cosmetic shoulder stump prosthesis, including on the long shoulder stump, without disturbing the relatively healthy limb proportions, as well as wearing comfort.

New early maturing soybean cultivar Zaryanitsa for conditions of Siberia

The use of new, early maturing cultivars with high productivity potential, and availability of effective herbicides have created real preconditions for the widespread introduction of soybean in the Western and Eastern Siberia. Modern cultivars should be characterized by: high and stable yields over the years in certain soil and climatic conditions of cultivation; suitability for complex mechanization of cultivation and high quality of products. Objective of the research was to evaluate a new soybean cultivar Zaryanitsa by yield and quality potential. The cultivar is included into the State Register of the Russian Federation (Patent No 9532) in 2018 in the Eastern Siberian region (11), is recommended for production in the Krasnoyarsk region. The studies we carried out in a nursery of competitive trial of the laboratory of leguminous crops breeding of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center from 2011 to 2019. The cultivar Zaryanitsa is early maturing (duration of the vegetative period is about 102 days), is characterized with slow growth at initial phases of development and simultaneous maturing, does not lodge and shatter, the location of the lower pods is high. These qualities make it possible to cultivate it in the harsh climatic conditions of Siberia and annually receive conditioned seeds with minimal losses during harvesting. The yield of the cultivar Zaryanitsa was noted at the standard level of the cultivar Sibirhachka (2.38 t per ha), the oil content in seeds was increased (+1.93% to st.) in average over the research period (nine years). The cultivar is characterized as stable ( < 1) of intensive type (bi > 1). In the Omsk Agrarian Research Center the cultivar Zaryanitsa is included into a scheme of crosses as a source of early maturity, stable yield, increased oil content in seeds.

Analysis of the current level of technology and equipment development of coolant filtration in automotive and tractor engines

The article analyzes modern technologies and means of filtering (cleaning) of the coolant of au-tomobile and tractor engines. A critical and still unresolved problem of contamination of the coolant and engine cooling systems in general is considered. A general assessment of existing filtration technologies and devices is given. All filtration devices are divided into three groups and an analysis of their principal disadvantages and advantages for each of the groups is given. It is shown that foreign filter designs do not perform the filtering function so much, but serve as carriers of special chemical additives to improve the physicochemical properties of coolant. In principle, these filters cannot be full-flow, because if they are completely clogged, the circulation of coolant will stop. In general, technologies for filtering of coolant through porous materials (microporous cardboard, chemical fibers) or metal grids cannot be considered as promising. This is justified by the fact that in the process of cleaning the coolant, filter elements of this type quickly become clogged and sig-nificantly reduce the amount of the passed coolant. In the extreme case, they stop passing coolant at all. Moreover, due to rapid contamination, such filters need to be replaced or cleaned. A new con-cept of a modified hydrocyclone coolant cleaning and a hydrocyclone filter-separator developed on its basis (the Russian Federation patent for invention No. 2625891) is considered. The comparison of competitive indicators of the developed hydrocyclone filter-separator with foreign analogues is given. Hydrocyclone filter-separators have a lot of fundamental advantages: high productivity and continuous operation; extremely simple design; the absence of the filter element itself, etc. There is made a conclusion about the prospects of this approach to solving the problem of cleaning the cool-ant of engines of automobiles, buses, tractors, road construction and forestry machinery, agricultural and army equipment, etc.

New Type of Cutoff Tools and Hard-Alloy Multifaceted Unresharpenable Plates for Their Equipping

Purpose: This paper deals with the sphere of designing and manufacture cutting tools in designing with assembled parting-off cutters equipped with multifaceted unresharpenable plates (MUP). Methodology: Lathe tools are the most popular among cutting tools and one of the ways of their improvement is to turn to assembled structures with mechanical fixing quickly replaceable multifaceted unresharpenable plates. In the sphere of developing assembled parting-off cutters the most effective technical solutions where found by foreign firms: Sandvik Coromant, Iscar, Horn, Taegu Tec, Mitsubishi and others. The analysis of these constructions show that 2 principles realized here: 1) side fixing of plate to the head of holder body 2) side installation with plate fixing by tacks ore elastic clamps. In the first case multiage plates are used and in the second case one and two edge ones. The simplest variant – is to set standard MUP on lateral side and form. However, such variant is not acceptable as considerable radius of mating lateral faces MUP (r≥ 0,2 mm). To eliminate radius r is possible by making flats m or ark grooves with radius rb at the tap of MUP. Result: The system of plates of new type is developed – lateral multifaceted unresharpenable plates (LMUP) created basing on standard hard alloy plates. Increase the depth of cutting of from 6,1 to 16,5 mm, relative expense of hart material alloy on one cutting plate edge in 1,1 – 2times superior in mass to the mass base plate. Originality: New type of cutting plates was developed – lateral multifaceted unresharpened plates (LMUP), their differential feature is the availability of sharp cutting edges on side faces made by additional sharpening along the tops of their flats or arc grooves. These plates of decoding to the Russian Federation patent for the invention № 2366542. Practical value: Suggested LMUP even in minimum trihedral execution are considerably superior to in size-mass characteristics to multiedge bas plates of leading world producers: Sandvik Coromant, Iscar, Horn, Taegutec, Mitsubishi and others which allows to recommend then for wide application.

Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel Wire after Continuous Method of Deformation Nanostructuring

The continuous method of wire deformation nanostructuring is developed on the basis of simultaneous applying of tension deformation by drawing, bending deformation when going through the system of rolls and torsional deformation on a continuously moving wire. The patent for an invention of the Russian Federation patent office is got. The efficiency estimation of the developed continuous method of deformation nanostructuring was carried out using wire made of medium and high-carbon steels containing 0.2 and 0.75 % C. The wire processed by this method has a uniform ultra-fine grain structure across the cross-section without internal discontinuities that indicates the possibility of combining different deformation schemes for achieving this type of structure in wire. Not only increasing strength properties of carbon steel wire is achieved after this method but increasing plastic properties occurs at the same time.

Late stomal complications and their surgical correction

Aim. To conduct a detailed analysis of the causes of development of late stomal complications, to determine the indications for surgical correction, to evaluate the effectiveness of new methods of surgical treatment. Methods. Conducted was an analysis of the causes of late stomal complications in 141 patients with a stoma of the colon. Results. A parastomal hernia was diagnosed in 44 (31.2%), prolapse - in 29 (20.6%), stricture - in 9 (6.4%) patients. Introduced into practice were new methods of surgical correction of complicated stomas. Parastomal hernia was detected in 44 (31.2%) patients - 26 (59.1%) females and 18 (40.9%) males, all patients with this complication were older than 50 years, the age group 71-80 years included 43.5% of patients. Since 2005 performed were 17 reconstructive operations for parastomal hernias (Russian Federation patent №2406454 and №2395238). Stoma prolapse was observed in 29 (20.6%) patients, 10 cases - in patients aged 71 to 80 years. Most often this complication developed in patients with double-barreled transverse stomas - in 10 (76.9%) of 13 patients. 4 patients underwent surgery due to prolapse. Stoma stricture was diagnosed in 9 (6.4%) patients. In 7 patients with a stoma stricture in the early postoperative period registered was festering of the parastomal wound (4 cases), marginal necrosis of the stoma (2 cases), and stoma retraction (1 case). Correction with the use of stents for the prevention of recurrence (Russian Federation patent №2357681) was conducted in all cases. The so-called «lock-stoma» was diagnosed in 16.3% of cases (23 patients). Although this condition does not belong to stomal complications in its pure form, however in most cases it causes the inability to use the incontinence bag, reducing the quality of life. Conclusion. Despite the inevitability of the development of parastomal complications, provided proper surgical techniques can either prevent or delay their appearance; reconstructive operations for complicated stomas, conducted by moving the stoma to a new place with retroperitoneal conduction makes it possible to obtain satisfactory results, significantly improve the quality of life that promotes full social adaptation of stomal patients.