RELATIONSHIP OF MEASLES CASES IN MEASLES VACCINATED CHILDREN DURING OUTBREAK OF MEASLES IN BAHAWALPUR.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical profile and case fatality rate and their comparison in relation with vaccination status in admitted children. Study Design: Case series retrospective study. Setting: Pediatric units of the tertiary care Hospitals (Bahawal Victoria Hospital and the Civil Hospital) affiliated with Quaid-e-Azam medical College Bahawalpur situated in Southern Punjab, Pakistan). Period: 01/01/2013 to 06/9/2013. Methods and Material: A clinical diagnosis of measles (as made by consultants of said Pediatric units) and residing in Bahawalpur district for more than one month of period before admitting in the hospital was included and reviewed. The help of Statistical department of Executive District Officer Health Bahawalpur was taken for missing information as the measles is notifiable disease and all cases were notified to Executive District Officer Health. The children who were nonresident of Bahawalpur District or with incomplete data were excluded. The children were divided into three groups depending on number of measles vaccine doses given. Results: The data of 557 children admitting during the period 01/01/2013 to 06/9/2013 with a clinical diagnosis of measles and resident of Bahawalpur district was included. 52.97% were males. 26.57% were unvaccinated and 73.43% vaccinated (39.14% with one dose and 34.29% with two doses). The mean age ± SD in unvaccinated children was 24.68±27.04, with one dose vaccination 50.94 ±35.58 and with two doses vaccination was 45.05 ±23.67 months. The case fatality rate was 2.87%. The case fatality was significantly higher in males vaccinated with two doses of vaccine as compared to either ones vaccinated with one dose or unvaccinated ones but this difference was not found in females. Conclusion: This study shows that there is urgent need of proper surveillance of measles cases.

Women Transformational Leadership: A Case Study in Sabah

This research survey was done in relation to my studies at University Technology Malaysia (UTM) specialising in Management and Administration in Education. The main aim and objective of my study is to critically analyse women transformational leadership issues in the Government Sectors and Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs), as well the chances of women to be appointed as District Officer and Assistant District Officer in the State Administration of Sabah. Thirty (30) Sabahan women leaders are randomly selected as respondents from the five (5) Organisations in the Government Sector and (5) five NGOs for this study. The survey questionnaires were distributed to the targeted respondents to find out their needs and expectations, if any, for their views, opinions and recommendations on how to improve women opportunities for career advancement within their respective organisations and workplace in Sabah.

“The War, like the Wicked Wand of a Wizard, Strikes Me and Carry Away All that I Have Loved:” Soldiers’ Family Lives and Petition Writing in Ijebu, Southwestern Nigeria, 1943–1945

The social isolation of the African soldiery is a recurrent assumption in the historiography of the Second World War in Anglophone Africa; such factors as the experience of Hausa soldiers within a cohesive barracks community, a strong sense of warrior identity, and few ties to civilian life are too often generalized into an account of the soldiery as necessarily isolated. Focusing on Ijebu in southwestern Nigeria, an area with little history of colonial military service prior to the Second World War, this paper will argue that far from being deeply isolated, Ijebu soldiers and their families strove desperately to maintain customary obligations during the men’s military service in South Asia and the Middle East in 1944 and 1945. By examining soldiers’ petitions to the Ijebu District Officer, as well as petitions from their wives, brothers, and parents, we will see that soldiers were bound by a powerful sense of obligation to their extended family not only in terms of financial support, but also in relation to labor, security, administration, and redistribution. Contextualizing these sources in terms of the ethnography of customary obligations in southwestern Nigeria, this paper will argue that neither soldiers nor their families primarily regarded these men as martial professionals, but instead perceived soldiering as a subordinate and secondary concern to family and economic commitments, as expressed through customary obligations. Although it likely differs from the experience of soldiers from supposedly “martial” groups, the experience of the Ijebu sheds light on the military service of the newer groups recruited during the war.

ANALISIS END USER COMPUTER SATISFACTION SISTEM PEMBUATAN E-KTP DI KECAMATAN KARTASURA KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO

The e-ID card service in Kecamatan Kartasura, Sukoharjo District has been running well, but people feel less satisfied with the service of making e-ID card by the sub-district officer. So it is necessary to know what factors affect the dissatisfaction. The research titled End User Computer Satisfaction analysis of e-ID card system in Kecamatan Kartasura Sukoharjo District was conducted to evaluate e-ID card making system in Kecamatan Kartasura Sukoharjo District.Factors in the process of making e-ID card is the influence of perception of content, accuracy, ease, and influence of timely perception toward the satisfaction of society. The method used in this system analysis is End User Computer Satisfaction. Population and sample of the research are 120 population in Kecamatan Kartasura Sukoharjo District. The result of the questionnaires is analyzed by using SPSS 15 with the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination and T-test and F-test.The results of the analysis revealed that 58.6% of the 4 independent variables of content, ease and timely affect the satisfaction of the population, while the accuracy does not affect the satisfaction of the population about the e-ID card system.Keywords: e- ID card, EUCS, SPSS, Classic assumption test, T-test, F-test

‘SANDERS OF THE RIVER, STILL THE BEST JOB FOR A BRITISH BOY’; RECRUITMENT TO THE COLONIAL ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE AT THE END OF EMPIRE

ABSTRACTIn February 1951, the Sunday Express printed a piece extolling the virtues of a Colonial Service career, under the headline: ‘Sanders of the River, Still the Best Job for a British Boy’. This article explores the ideological and practical reasons why Sanders of the River, a character apparently so at odds with the post-Second World War Colonial Service message, continued to hold enough cultural resonance that it was considered appropriate to utilize him as a recruitment tool in 1951. Edgar Wallace's literary creation occupied a defining place in metropolitan understandings of the Colonial Service's work. Yet, by 1951, the ideological aims of the colonial project were changing. Sanders's paternalism had been dismissed in favour of a rhetoric that emphasized partnership and progress. The post-1945 district officer was expected to be a modern administrator, ready to work alongside educated Africans to prepare Britain's colonies for self-government. Exploring both Colonial Office recruitment strategies and recruits’ career motivations, this article situates the often ignored issue of Colonial Service recruitment at the end of empire within a wider cultural context to illuminate why, even as many turned away from careers in empire after 1945, a significant number of young Britons continued to apply.

Spoken Reminiscences of Political Agents in Northern Nigeria II

Q. Sir, I would like to know something about messengers and interpreters like Adamu Jakada.A. Adamu Jakada was the messenger between Emir Abbas and the Europeans. Some of the messengers and interpreters were employed by the emir, and they were royal slaves. Whenever they did something wrong they were replaced by others. Adamu was a slave of the emir.Q. Where and when was he born?A. He was born in Kano, and he came from the family of slaves.Q. Is there any story about him?A. All we know is that he was chosen by the District Officer (D.O.) He would take messages from the emir to the white men and return with the white man's reply to the emir.Q. Were messengers and interpreters powerful?A. Yes, indeed.Q. Were they nice people?A. It is when they became powerful that issues of misunderstanding occurred. You know when somebody becomes powerful the person would demonstrate good and bad qualities. Some of the messengers and interpreters were like that.Q. Were they wealthy?A. They were slaves of the emir. Everything that they owned, they took them from the servants of the emir. Also, they were paid by government.Q. What did people think of their work?A. People respected and feared them because of their closeness to the emir and the Europeans.Q. Did they speak or write in English?A. Before they learnt English they used to work as servants to the Europeans. So they learned English from them.