brain microcirculation
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

56
(FIVE YEARS 8)

H-INDEX

16
(FIVE YEARS 1)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Samoilova ◽  
M. V. Matveeva ◽  
O. S. Tonkikh ◽  
N. Yu. Fimushkina

The purpose. To evaluate brain microcirculation using contrast and non-contrast magnetic resonance perfusion in patients with type 1 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction.Material and methods. The study complies with generally accepted ethical rules. The study included 45 patients with type 1 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction and 20 patients without. Every patient included in the study was continuously monitoring glycemia with evaluation of variability coefficients. MRI was performed using a magnetic resonance imaging scanner Signa Creator “E”, GE Healthcare, 1.5 Tl, China: methods – dynamic contrast (“Gadovist”, w/w, bolusno, 5 ml) and arterial spin marks. SPSS Statistic software package was used for statistical analysis.Results. Blood flow decreased in patients with type 1 type and cognitive dysfunction in the areas of white and gray matter of frontal, occipital and temporal lobes, and shells (p ≤ 0.05). According to perfusion data, hyperglycemia and the following glycemic variability indices have the greatest influence on cortical structures: glycemic index of prolonged glycemia increase, risk of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, glycemic rate of change, glycemic control quality indicator, and in case of non-contrast glycemic control quality and glycemic rate of change, risks of hypo and hyperglycemia. The main factors of changes in brain microcirculation are episodes of severe hypoglycemia in the anamnesis, duration of the disease, arterial hypertension, high cholesterol levels. No separate markers for the evaluation of cognitive disturbances in type 1 diabetes were revealed.Conclusions. The basis of microcirculatory brain disorders in type 1 diabetes is the level of HbA1c and variability of glycemia as well as acute complications, duration of diabetes and associated conditions (arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia). The most important data were obtained during contrast perfusion.


Author(s):  
M.S. Shuvalova ◽  
A.S. Shanazarov ◽  
Yu.Kh.-M. Shidakov

Mountains occupy about 24 % of the land surface. There are significant natural resources here, the development of which is associated with an increased traumatic risk. Craniocerebral injuries in the mountains are very frequent, and microvascular dysfunction, as under ordinary conditions, is a key element in the chain of events in the central nervous system. However, there are very few data on vascular plexuses and brain microcirculation in craniocerebral injury that occurs in the mountains. The aim of the study is to reveal the patterns in remodeling of vascular plexuse and main elements of brain microcirculation in craniocerebral injury that occurs in the mountains. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 46 white outbred male laboratory rats (210–270 g) with simulated low-mountain (760 m above sea level, Bishkek) and high- mountains (Too Ashuu mountain pass, 3200 m above sea level) traumatic brain injury. The authors used the weight-drop method (Y. Tang technique) to reproduce the traumatic brain injury. After reproduction of the trauma in high altitudes, the animals were transported to low altitudes and on the 3rd day the rats were sacrificed with chloroform overdose. The authors studied microcirculation using a microscopic method with black ink intravascular injection. Olympus Bx40 microscope (Japan) was used for this purpose. At the same time, serial microphotography with simultaneous recording of the results was carried out using a digital camera connected to a computer. The morphometry of the vascular plexuse brain components was carried out with Top View application used for measuring microscopic objects. SPSS 16.0 software was used to process statistical data. Results. Craniocerebral injury that occurs in high mountains causes the narrowing of the capillary lumen by 52 % (p<0.001). In comparison with low mountains, the capillary lumen in high mountains decreases by 42 % (p<0.001). Venous plethora is observed. In vascular plexuses in the highlands, remodeling of the cellular component is recorded: ependymocyte volume increases by 23 % (p<0.05), nucleus volume – by 30 % (p<0.001), and cytoplasm volume – by 22 % (p<0.05). Conclusion. Craniocerebral injury leads to the development of cytotoxic edema in the vascular plexus stroma and to remodeling of brain microcirculation, which is the pathogenetic basis for hypertension and increased intracranial pressure. In the highlands, these phenomena are more pronounced and are accompanied by blood flow centralization. Keywords: microcirculation, vascular plexuses, brain, craniocerebral injury, highlands. Горы занимают около 24 % территории суши. Здесь располагаются значительные природные ресурсы, освоение которых сопряжено с повышенным риском травматизма. Черепно-мозговая травма на горных высотах – частое явление, а микрососудистая дисфункция, как и в обычных условиях обитания человека, является ключевым звеном в цепи событий, развертывающихся в центральной нервной системе. Однако данных о состоянии сосудистых сплетений и микроциркуляции головного мозга при черепно-мозговой травме, возникшей в высокогорье, крайне мало. Цель исследования – выявить закономерности ремоделирования сосудистых сплетений и основных звеньев микроциркуляции головного мозга при черепно-мозговой травме, возникшей в условиях высокогорья. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования послужили 46 белых беспородных лабораторных крыс-самцов весом 210–270 г, которым моделировалась черепно-мозговая травма в условиях низкогорья (высота 760 м над уровнем моря, г. Бишкек) и высокогорья (перевал Туя-Ашу, 3200 м над уровнем моря). Для воспроизведения черепно-мозговой травмы использовалась ударная модель weight drop method по Y. Tang. После воспроизведения травмы в условиях высокогорья животных транспортировали в условия низкогорья и на 3-и сут выводили из эксперимента путем передозировки хлороформа. Микроциркуляция изучалась микроскопическим методом с применением внутрисосудистого инъецирования раствором черной туши. Препараты изучались под микроскопом Olympus Bx40 (Япония). Параллельно проводилось серийное микрофотографирование с помощью цифрового фотоаппарата, подключенного к компьютеру, с одновременным протоколированием результатов. Морфометрия компонентов сосудистых сплетений головного мозга осуществлялась с помощью приложения для измерения микроскопических объектов Top View. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась в программе SPSS 16.0. Результаты. Черепно-мозговая травма, возникшая в условиях высокогорья, приводит к сужению просвета капилляров на 52 % (p<0,001), при этом в сравнении с низкогорьем просвет капилляров в высокогорье уменьшается на 42 % (p<0,001). Отмечаются явления венозного полнокровия. Со стороны сосудистых сплетений в высокогорье регистрируется ремоделирование клеточного компонента: объем эпендимоцитов возрастает на 23 % (p<0,05), объем ядра – на 30 % (p<0,001), объем цитоплазмы – на 22 % (p<0,05). Выводы. Черепно-мозговая травма привела к развитию цитотоксического отека стромы сосудистого сплетения и ремоделированию системы микроциркуляции головного мозга, что является патогенетической основой гипертензии и повышения внутричерепного давления. В высокогорье эти явления выражены в большей степени и сопровождаются признаками централизации кровообращения. Ключевые слова: микроциркуляция, сосудистые сплетения, головной мозг, черепно-мозговая травма, высокогорье.


2019 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Cristina Sierra ◽  
Antonio Coca

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaozhuang Yang ◽  
Liwei Liu ◽  
Yixin Chang ◽  
Ningning Zhang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
...  

In this paper, we proposed a contrast-enhanced homemade spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) method for monitoring of brain microcirculation. We used the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-ylated gold nanorods (GNRs) as a contrast-enhanced agent, obtained clearly 2D and 3D OCT images of blood vessels and dynamic changes of probes in mouse blood vessels. Owing to high scattering of the PEG-GNRs, more tiny blood vessels can be imaged and the OCT signal can be enhanced by 5.87 dB after injection of PEG-GNRs for 20[Formula: see text]min, the enhancement then declined gradually for 60[Formula: see text]min. Our results demonstrate an effective technique for the enhanced imaging of blood vessels in vivo, especially for studies of the brain microcirculation, which could be serviced for disease mechanism research and therapeutic drug monitoring.


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
A. N. Ivanov ◽  
M. A. Sakhan ◽  
I. O. Bugaeva

Introduction and purpose. Chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency - an actual problem of modern medicine. The key pathogenetic link of this group of diseases is a long-term violation of perfusion in the microvasculature. Currently, it is shown that low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at frequencies of millimeter and submillimeter ranges had an influence on processes in the microcirculation. The aim of this study was to examine the impact on perfusion indices in the vessels of the brain microcirculation in conditions of chronic ischemia. Materials and methods. Experiments were conducted on 52 male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of 27 rats, which model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion were reproduced. The second group consisted of 15 rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and daily 30-minute exposure to low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at frequencies 150.176...150.664 GHz. 10 sham-operated rats for the analysis microcirculation mechanisms used the method of laser Doppler flowmetry were included in the third (control) group. The average perfusion, as well as active and passive mechanisms flow modulation were investigated. The main results and discussion. It was found that low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at frequencies 150.176...150.664 GHz contributes to the normalization of perfusion parameters in conditions of prolonged ischemia due to stimulation of active and passive flow modulation mechanisms. This effect is probably related to the prevention of endothelial dysfunction, as well as the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the functional activity of platelets and blood rheology. Conclusion. Thus, the results of the study suggest that low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at frequencies 150.176...150.664 GHz, is a promising method for non-drug correction of perfusion disturbances at long cerebrovascular insufficiency.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document