The elimination of the consequences of transport emergencies

The problem of multicriteria optimization in relation to the decisions made about organizing the material and technical support for equipment and personnel of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (EMERCOM of Russia) in the context of emergency response on transport has been explored in this article. The existing approaches have been indicated, and another approach to building a single generalized criterion by the given partial criteria for the multicriteria optimization problem has been proposed. The verbal statement of the considered problem of multicriteria optimization has been provided. The goal of the study is to develop a method for solving this multicriteria optimization problem using fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, and the Mamdani's fuzzy inference algorithm. A substantial example has been provided, illustrating the application of the stated theoretical provisions for solving the problem of choosing the best option for the equipment and personnel of the EMERCOM of Russia to liquidate the consequences of emergency situations on transport. In terms of novelty, it must be noted that the indicator (output variable) and parameters (input variables) of the problem have been defined ambiguously, fuzzily, which allows to use the efficient mathematical tools of the theory of fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, and the Mamdani's fuzzy inference algorithm to solve this problem.

METHODOLOGY OF SEARCHING FOR THE OPTIMAL CONFIGURATION OF A NUCLEAR PLANT SYSTEM TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INFLUENCE OF RISKS, CAPITAL COSTS AND DAMAGE FROM ACCIDENTS

Задача поиска оптимального спектра мощностей атомных реакторов для развивающейся энергосистемы страны с большой долей вклада АС формализована и представлена в виде задачи многокритериальной оптимизации. Оценивается снижение потенциального ущерба от различных факторов риска и затрат на строительство при максимальной выработке электроэнергии. Предложена концепция поиска решения при помощи генетического алгоритма. На основе проведенных расчетов даны рекомендации по оптимизации мощностного ряда реакторных установок (РУ), которые позволят снизить совокупные риски эксплуатации АС при стратегическом планировании. The problem of finding the optimal power spectrum of nuclear reactors for the projecting power system for the whole country is presented. It considers a large contribution of NPP and formalized in the form of a multicriteria optimization problem. Potential damage reduction from various risk factors and construction costs at maximum power generation is estimated. The genetic algorithm is proposed as solver algorithm. Recommendations are given for optimizing the power range of reactor plants on the basis of the performed calculations and reduce the overall risks of NPP operation during strategic planning.

Customer-oriented optimization of healthcare facilities staff is considered

The problem of developing information technology for customer-oriented optimization of healthcare facilities staff is considered. It is determined that the key tasks in the development of personnel decisions in the formation of personnel policy in medical institutions are assessing such current characteristics of staff as to regulatory and actual workload and the task of forecasting needs for medical services in future periods. To effectively perform such a forecast, it is proposed to consistently solve clustering, identification, and forecasting problems. A mathematical model of the multicriteria optimization problem for the formation of many variants of solutions for the formation of personnel policy in health care facilities is built. The model of search of optimum distribution of services between employees of establishment in the form of a problem of integer linear programming is executed. Production rules have been developed to analyze the results of solving the formulated problem. A model for developing variants of decisions on changes in the staff of a medical institution to ensure the completeness of medical services is proposed. To assess the effectiveness of the options made, the customer orientation index is used, which is calculated by the principles of egalitarianism. Experimental verification of the developed models and methods is performed.

Bread production technology modelling using hop starter in ovens of various types

The article studies the processes of structure formation of baked dough pieces using wheat and hop starters and changes in the properties of finished products and semi-finished products depending on the baking methods. A whole complex of physical, chemical and biochemical processes takes place in the dough piece during baking under the influence of heat and moisture, which causes considerable changes in the bread dough. These processes cause changes in the baked dough piece, that cause turning the dough into bread. Duration and intensity of the processes occurring on the surface and in the inner layers of the dough piece during baking depend on the temperature. Therefore, creation of optimal modes of heating the baked dough piece at various stages allows you to get products of the required quality. To simulate the processes of crumb formation, changes in temperature inside the dough piece of baking, and specific volume over time with different methods of dough and baking, regression models were used, that take into account the influence of qualitative factors. Each qualitative factor having two grades was replaced by one binary variable. The solution of a multicriteria optimization problem showed that the studied indicators reach the optimal values when baking in an air-o-steam and preparing a dough using hop starter.