Software tool for evaluation of reliability and survivability of complex technical system based on logical-probabilistic methodology

The paper presents solutions for estimation and analysis of complex system (CS) reliability and survivability indicators based on the logical-probabilistic approach. Modified logical-probabilistic method and software tool for evaluating the reliability and survivability of onboard equipment (OE) of small satellites were developed (SS). The correctness of the suggested method and software tool was shown by computational experiments on some systems of CS SS similar to Belarusian SS, and later compared with the “Arbitr” software complex results.

Совершенствование методов планирования ремонтных работ на основе анализа надежности нефтепроводной системы

The author presents the methodology for identifying risks in operation of main oil pipelines, which can be based upon in improvement of methods for planning overhauls of the main pipelines. A method for calculating reliability indicators of the system is reviewed, including analysis of the type distributions of the system elements failures pattern. The reliability of the system is determined by purely mathematical operations on the obtained distributions. Such an approach is typical for the system (structural, mathematical) theory of reliability, the key task thereof being the transition from the elements reliability indicators to the system reliability indicators. It is advisable to resolve the problems of calculating the actual reliability of a complex technical system taking for consideration the dependencies of its elements, based on the approach assuming that reliability of the elements and the system shall be calculated in the general multi-level simulation process wherein both physical and structural models are used. Physical models of elements reliability are used at lower levels, while structural models are used at higher ones. Установлена своевременность и актуальность идентификации и формализации структурно-логических связей показателей эксплуатации линейной части магистральных нефтепроводов. Представлена методология идентификации рисков при эксплуатации магистральных нефтепроводов, которая может быть положена в основу совершенствования методов планирования их капитальных ремонтов. Рассмотрен метод для расчета показателей надежности технической системы, предусматривающий анализ типовых распределений отказов ее элементов. Надежность системы находится чисто математическими операциями над полученными распределениями. Подобный подход характерен для системной (структурной, математической) теории надежности, основной задачей которой является переход от показателей надежности элементов к показателям надежности системы. Задачи расчета реальной надежности сложной технической системы с учетом зависимостей ее элементов целесообразно решать на основе подхода, который состоит в том, что расчет надежности элементов и системы проводится в общем многоуровневом имитационном моделирующем процессе с применением физических и структурных моделей. Физические модели надежности элементов используются на низших уровнях, а структурные модели – на высших.

System approach to research processes of technological adjustment of machine and tractor units

A substantive interpretation of the main categories of the system approach is formulated in relation to the semantics of the operation of mobile agricultural units from the standpoint of ensuring the technological reliability of the production of field mechanized work by improving the methods and means of measuring control of the state of machine and tractor units and evaluating the parameters of functional diagnostics under shift time conditions. A structural diagram of the systemic image of the production of field mechanized work is proposed, which makes it possible to clarify the hierarchical levels of movement of concepts in the field of managing the state of a complex technical system during the operation period, to highlight the object of research and establish its system elements and connections with the operating environment. The business logic of the implementation of the basic operations of the system of technological adjustment of machine-tractor units to ensure the quality of the technological operation when used for its intended purpose is presented. The theoretical significance of the work is associated with the development of a systematic understanding of the main objects of the processes of machine use in agriculture. The applied and practical significance of the work is confirmed by new technical solutions implemented in projects and organizational and technical documents of an industry scale. The results of the work can be useful both for researchers of the processes of machine-use in agriculture, and for practitioners-subjects of small and medium-sized agribusiness, as well as in organizing the transfer of knowledge of the agro-engineering direction to specialists in agricultural production.

ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF AERODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF AIR FLOWS FOR EFFECTIVE SELECTION OF AIR SUPPLY SCHEMES IN COAL MINES

The article examines a complex technical system on the example of air supply of coal mines, characterized by: multicomponent, a large number of quantitative and qualitative parameters, nonlinearity of interdependencies between them; incompleteness of information, the complexity of experimental research, the risks of dangerous situations and the catastrophic nature of their consequences; the uniqueness of the modes and conditions of the systems functioning. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for assessing and analyzing the aerodynamic parameters of air flows for the effective selection of air supply schemes in coal mines using the decomposition method. Research methodology: the solution of the set tasks is based on modern methods of mathematical statistics; graph theory; decision theory; apparatus of mathematical logic; factor analysis; mathematical modeling; set theory; reliability theory and systems analysis. Research results. A method for the analysis and analytical modeling of complex technical systems of variable structure (CTS VS) is developed, focused on the features of these systems and their processes in conditions of incomplete information, different quality data on their state and functioning, which differs from the known ones by a combination of the capabilities of analytical and statistical approaches to the construction of CTS VS models, which allows to adapt to changes in systemic and external factors, improve the accuracy of modeling, and also typify the presentation of fuzzy situational features for effective management of the CTS VS. Conclusion. A method has been developed for assessing the reliability of the parameters of the CTS VS based on the algorithms for analyzing and assessing the reliability of the CTS VS, the algorithm for the formation of the most complete subsets listing in the graph all possible compatible subsets of a given set of vertices differing in that they are based on the analysis of enlarged states and decomposition of the structural diagram, which allows analytical and statistical studies to significantly increase the accuracy of assessing the reliability of CTS VS and reduce the amount of calculations. Result: the proposed methods were used to solve the problems of air distribution control in coal mines.

Information technology of visualization for technological processes for research modes of functioning of complex technological systems

The development of a mathematical model of a technical system based on the means of discrete-continuous networks and taking into account the interaction with a multimedia platform is presented. The efficiency of the process for visualizing the functioning of the complex technical system is increased by implementing the interaction of the modeling environment with the Unity platform in the feedback mode. The experiments linked to the integration of the DC-Net simulation software environment with the Unity cross-platform development environment are implemented. An example of developing the model of a technical system in the DC-Net environment and an example of developing a process for visualizing the functioning of a corresponding technical system based on the Unity platform are presented. The fundamental suitability of using the integration of various information technologies linked with various software environments has been confirmed.

Distributed Ledger for Cybersecurity: Issues and Challenges in Railways

The railway is a complex technical system of systems in a multi-stakeholder environment. The implementation of digital technologies is essential for achieving operational excellence and addressing stakeholders’ needs and requirements in relation to the railways. Digitalization is highly dependent on an appropriate digital infrastructure provided through proper information logistics, whereas cybersecurity is critical for the overall security and safety of the railway systems. However, it is important to understand the various issues and challenges presented by governance, business, and technical requirements. Hence, this paper is the first link in the chain to explore, understand, and address such requirements. The purpose of this paper is to identify aspects of distributed ledgers and to provide a taxonomy of issues and challenges to develop a secure and resilient data sharing framework for railway stakeholders.

Comparative interference analysis of the configuration of coastal radar stations with different antenna parameters, on the example of the area of operation of the Vessel’s traffic service of the port of Novorossiysk

В статье рассмотрены основные технические средства – береговые радиолокационные станции, которые как объект эксплуатации, представляют собой сложную техническую систему, состоящую из конструктивно оформленных элементов с разным уровнем надежности, и часто имеющих самостоятельное назначение, свои частные цели и задачи функционирования. Этап эксплуатации технических средств играет особую роль в процессе жизненного цикла системы управления движением судов (СУДС), поскольку все усилия, затраченные на создание высококачественной системы, могут быть сведены на "нет" неправильно или нерационально организованной эксплуатацией. Следовательно, эксплуатация должна обеспечивать наибольшую эффективность функционирования технических средств. Поэтому, проблема повышения уровня эксплуатационной надежности технических средств СУДС является актуальной, ибо повышение эффективности эксплуатации портов, флота и обеспечение чистоты среды немыслимо без технического, методического и организационного совершенствования береговых СУДС, оборудованных современными средствами радиолокации, связи, телевидения и программно-аппаратными комплексами. Поэтому, объектом исследования являются береговые радиолокационные станции, предмет – их тактико-технические характеристики. Цель исследования – анализ работы технических средств действующей СУДС порта Новороссийск, осуществляющих сбор и передачу информации о судоходной обстановке в районе действия, для интерференционного анализа конфигурации береговых радиолокационных станций при различных параметрах антенн. The article discusses the main technical means - coastal radar stations, which, as an object of operation, are a complex technical system consisting of structurally designed elements with different levels of reliability, and often having an independent purpose, their particular goals and objectives of functioning. The operational phase of the technical means plays a special role in the life cycle of a vessel’s traffic service (VTS), since all the efforts spent on creating a high-quality system can be canceled out by improper or inefficient operation. Consequently, the operation should ensure the highest efficiency of the functioning of the technical means. Therefore, the problem of increasing the level of operational reliability of the technical means of the VTS is urgent, because increasing the efficiency of the operation of ports, the fleet and ensuring the cleanliness of the environment is unthinkable without the technical, methodological and organizational improvement of the coastal VTS equipped with modern means of radar, communications, television and software and hardware complexes. Therefore, the object of research is coastal radar stations, the subject is their tactical and technical characteristics. The purpose of the study is to analyze the operation of the technical means of the operating VTS of the port of Novorossiysk, collecting and transmitting information about the navigational situation in the area of ​​operation, for interference analysis of the configuration of coastal radar stations with various antenna parameters.

Research of a mathematical model for designing a barge-towing complex for the Republic of the Union of Myanmar

В статье описана математическая модель проектирования барже-буксирного комплекса с учётом особенности эксплуатации в условиях Республики Союз Мьянма. В статье исследуются особенности ББК как объекта оптимизации, описана математическая модель ББК, отображается его как сложную техническую систему. В рамках модели приведены математические зависимости и алгоритмы для определения элементов теоретического чертежа, мощности главных двигателей, для решения некоторых вопросов общего расположения с учетом расстояния главных водонепроницаемых переборок корпуса, для расчета нагрузки и устойчивости. Метод комплексной оценки эффективности применения барже-буксирного комплекса на стадии технико-экономического обоснования проекта в условиях развивающихся стран, в частности в условиях Республики Союз Мьянмы. В результате работы были полностью определены параметры основных типов барже-буксировочных комплексов для перспективной системы внутреннего водного транспорта Республики Союза Мьянма. На базе методов случайного поиска создан алгоритм оптимизации элементов ББК, решающий задачу математического программирования с процедурным характером функции критерия и функциональных ограничений. Математическая модель и алгоритм оптимизации реализованы в виде программы для обеспечения компьютерного эксперимента. Программа, реализующая математическую модель проектирования ББК, состоит из отдельных программных модулей, что облегчает ее совершенствование в анализе результатов решения задачи. Создан программный комплекс с использованием языка программирования Паскаль в среде Delphi для обеспечения автоматизирования проектирования. Указанные программы могут быть использованы в исследовательском проектировании на начальных стадиях проектирования. The article describes a mathematical models for designing a barge-towing complex, taking into account the peculiarities of operation in the conditions of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. The article examines the features of the BBK as an object of optimization, describes the mathematical model of the BBK, displays it as a complex technical system. Within the framework of the model, mathematical dependencies and algorithms are given for determining the elements of the theoretical drawing, the power of the main engines, for solving some issues of the general location, taking into account the distance of the main watertight bulkheads of the hull, for calculating the load and stability. The method of comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the use of the barge-tow complex at the stage of the feasibility study of the project in the conditions of developing countries, in particular in the conditions of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. As a result of the work, the parameters of the main types of barge-towing complexes for the prospective inland water transport system of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar were fully determined. On the basis of random search methods, an algorithm for optimizing the BBK elements is created, which solves the problem of mathematical programming with the procedural nature of the criterion function and functional constraints. The mathematical model and the optimization algorithm are implemented as a program to provide a computer experiment. The program that implements the mathematical model of the design of the BBK consists of separate program modules, which facilitates its improvement in the analysis of the results of solving the problem. A software package was created using the Pascal programming language in the Delphi environment to provide design automation. These programs can be used in research design at the initial stages of design.

Mathematical model of the dynamics of a hydrofoil vessel as a complex technical system

Определена структура единой среды моделирования, состоящая из трёх блоков: блок, где задаются или формируются значения исследуемых параметров, влияющие на выходные показатели судна, как объекта моделирования, блок представляющий собой ядро единой среды моделирования и блок, где формируется совокупность тех или иных показателей, подлежащих анализу. Определена математическая модель динамики возмущенного движения СПК, при этом использованы следующие системы координат: земная прямоугольная горизонтальная правая, связанная с судном прямоугольная правая и вспомогательная нецентральная прямоугольная правая. Определены основные допущения математической модели. Представлены уравнения динамики судна на подводных крыльях в общем виде и определены силы и моменты, действующие на судно на подводных крыльях в крыльевом режиме движения. Гидродинамические силы и моменты, возникающие на каждом из крыльевых устройств, определены расчетным путем. Работа движителей моделируется заданием среднего упора, направленного по оси вала движителя и параллельного диаметральной плоскости судна. В модели динамики предусмотрена возможность задания аэродинамических сил и моментов, действующие на СПК в крыльевом режиме. Разработана математическая модель электрогидравлического привода, состоящая из суммирующего устройства, электрогидроусилителя и силового интегрирующего привода, охваченных общей обратной связью по положению и скорости перемещения, а также модель системы управления движением, которая является одной из важнейших подсистем СПК, формирующей алгоритмы управления, поступающие на входы ЭГП соответствующих ИО, расположенных на несущих поверхностях КУ. При решении некоторых задач, связанных с проектированием СПК и его технических систем, особенно для получения оценочных значений фазовых координат судна на начальных этапах проектирования или решения специальных задач, разработана линеаризованная система дифференциальных уравнений объекта. The structure of a unified modeling environment has been determined, which consists of three blocks: a block where the values of the studied parameters are set or formed, which affect the output indicators of the vessel as an object of modeling, a block that is the core of a unified modeling environment and a block where a set of certain indicators is formed. analysis. A mathematical model of the dynamics of the disturbed motion of the SPK was determined, with the following coordinate systems used: earth rectangular horizontal right, rectangular right connected to the ship and auxiliary off-center rectangular right. The basic assumptions of the mathematical model are determined. The equations of the dynamics of a hydrofoil ship in general form are presented and the forces and moments acting on a hydrofoil ship in the wing mode of motion are determined. The hydrodynamic forces and moments arising on each of the wing devices are determined by calculation. The operation of the propellers is modeled by setting the middle stop directed along the axis of the propeller shaft and parallel to the diametral plane of the vessel. The dynamics model provides for the possibility of setting aerodynamic forces and moments acting on the HFV in the wing mode. A mathematical model of an electrohydraulic drive has been developed, consisting of a summing device, an electrohydraulic amplifier and a power integrating drive, covered by a general feedback on the JJposition and speed of movement, as well as a model of a motion control system, which is one of the most important subsystems of the SPC that forms control algorithms entering the EGP inputs of the corresponding EUT located on the bearing surfaces of the KU. When solving some problems related to the design of the HFV and its technical systems, especially for obtaining the estimated values of the phase coordinates of the vessel at the initial stages of design or solving special problems, a linearized system of differential equations of the object was developed.

Effectiveness retention ratio and its standardization

Aim. To promote a better understanding, a wider and more correct application of the effectiveness retention ratio. That is the measure that is best suited for assessing the dependability of complex technical systems, in which partial failures are possible that put a system into intermediate states between complete up and down ones. Methods. The paper uses the methods of the probability theory and comparative analysis of texts of interstate (Euro-Asian), Russian and international dependability-related standards. Results. The principal contribution of Russian researchers to the creation and development of methods for applying effectiveness indicators to estimating the dependability of complex systems is pointed out. Shortcomings were identified in the basic dependability-related standards as regards the effectiveness retention ratio and related concepts. Namely, in terminology standard GOST 27.002–2015, the phrases that require improvement are indicated. They relate to the concepts of partial failure, partial up state and partial down state. A broader and more ac[1]curate definition of partial failure is suggested. It is noted that the relationship between partially up and partially down states are to be discussed and clarified. GOST 27.003–2016 that establishes the content and general rules for specifying dependability requirements contains wording errors in the classification of items according to the number of possible (taken into consideration) states and in the examples of possible variants of the effectiveness retention ratio in various branches of technology that are probabilities of task completion, etc. The paper suggests corrections to the appropriate wordings. It has been established that although the effectiveness retention ratio is not referred to in the international dependability-related terminology standard (IEC 60050-192:2015), it implicitly appears in two IEC standards (IEC 61703:2016 and IEC 62673:2013), in which it is assigned to availability measures. Conclusion. The paper’s findings will be useful to experts involved in the assessment and standardization of complex technical system dependability. Their implementation will help improve interstate, Russian and international dependability-related standards.