Crutched Pharaoh, Seated Hunter

Academic and popular sources alike regularly refer to Tutankhamun as “disabled” at the time of his death, citing artistic representations from the items in his tomb to back up such claims. This group of objects has been said to depict the young king seated while hunting and using a staff as a walking aid seemingly highlighting the presence of a leg-based disability. This narrative of the image depicting the truth of Tutankhamun’s physical condition has publicly become accepted as fact with images of the seated king even being used in the advertising for the touring exhibit “Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh” to suggest Tutankhamun’s “fragile constitution.” A comparison of these depictions to historical representations of kings hunting and using staffs of authority, however, suggests that these depictions of Tutankhamun were part of a traditional iconography utilized by Tutankhamun’s artists, not to highlight his disability, but instead to situate his image within the artwork of kings of the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. This study, thus, works to dispel the pervasive myth of the existence of artistic representations of a disabled Tutankhamun, while providing a basis for understanding the true nature of the representation of disability in Egyptian art. Furthermore, this work urges Egyptologists to avoid relying on physical remains to “decipher” mortuary artwork. Such a change in method can only lead to a better understanding of the purpose of the depicted body within the mortuary context and its role as separate but complementary to the physical body in New Kingdom thought.

Functional mobility in walking adult population with ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay

Background This study aimed to describe lower limbs impairments, balance and activity limitations related to indoor mobility in adult walkers with autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS). Results Twenty-five participants were recruited with a mean age of 32.2 (± 10.4) years with 45.7% using a walking aid. There is a significant difference between participants with and without a walking aid in terms of lower limbs coordination, balance and mobility. Although participants who walk without a walking aid perform better than the others and they are below predictive or reference values. Despite significant mobility limitations, only mild spasticity and passive range of motion limitations were observed. However, there is a significant difference between unaffected individuals and participants with ARSACS for lower limb muscle cocontraction. Conclusions Results show a high level of lower limb impairments, balance and mobility limitation in adults’ participants with ARSACS that are still walking, including people not using a walking aid. One of the most original finding is the presence of excessive cocontraction and a relatively mild level of spasticity in the lower limbs muscles. Results of this study better circumscribes the impairments and activities that should be the focus of intervention including rehabilitation in ARSACS.

Analisis Pengembangan Produk Tongkat Lansia

<p><strong>The aging process brings various consequences in the form of physical, mental, and social problems so that an elderly person experiences limitations. The limitations of the elderly in carrying out their activities, especially in foot movement when walking, therefore a walking aid is needed. Each walking aid has a different function and usage method, one of which is a cane. Canes are often used to help balance, widen the stride and lower the weight on the legs. Safe and comfortable use is essential for the cane to function properly in assisting walking function. Canes still do not have a new design that suits the needs of the elderly. In this study, the development of a cane product for the elderly was carried out which was adapted to the ergonomic aspects and ideal aesthetic aspects. The aim is to provide convenience for the elderly in carrying out activities despite their limitations. Based on the research of the report on product development, namely Tongkat Wusaji using the Garvin Dimension method which is supported by 5 parts, namely performance, durability, features, serviceability, and aesthetics. It was found that the product concept applied to the Wusaji Stick uses aluminum material which has a product resistance of more than 3 years. The Wusaji stick has a minimalist design that is supported by the Bfinders and auto adjustable features and there are ergonomic usage procedures. Tongkat Wusaji has a product selling price of Rp. 250,000.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em> </strong><em>Identify customer needs, Product development, Product specifications, Industrial design</em></p>

Automatic gait analysis during steady and unsteady walking using a smartphone

How people walk often reveals key insights into health, quality of life and independence. Here, we propose a smartphone-based gait monitoring system which is sensitive and accurate enough to measure temporal gait parameters during unsteady walking, differentiate between normal and impaired gait, and recognise changes in the impaired gait depending on the use of medication or walking aid.

Automatic gait analysis during steady and unsteady walking using a smartphone

How people walk often reveals key insights into health, quality of life and independence. Here, we propose a smartphone-based gait monitoring system which is sensitive and accurate enough to measure temporal gait parameters during unsteady walking, differentiate between normal and impaired gait, and recognise changes in the impaired gait depending on the use of medication or walking aid.

Review of complications, functional outcome, and long-term survival following conversion of hip fusion to total hip arthroplasty

Aims Improvements in functional results and long-term survival are variable following conversion of hip fusion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and complications are high. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and functional results in patients who underwent conversion of hip fusion to THA using a consistent technique and uncemented implants. Methods A total of 39 hip fusion conversions to THA were undertaken in 38 patients by a single surgeon employing a consistent surgical technique and uncemented implants. Parameters assessed included Harris Hip Score (HHS) for function, range of motion (ROM), leg length discrepancy (LLD), satisfaction, and use of walking aid. Radiographs were reviewed for loosening, subsidence, and heterotopic ossification (HO). Postoperative complications and implant survival were assessed. Results At mean 12.2 years (2 to 24) follow-up, HHS improved from mean 34.2 (20.8 to 60.5) to 75 (53.6 to 94.0; p < 0.001). Mean postoperative ROM was flexion 77° (50° to 95°), abduction 30° (10° to 40°), adduction 20° (5° to 25°), internal rotation 18° (2° to 30°), and external rotation 17° (5° to 30°). LLD improved from mean -3.36 cm (0 to 8) to postoperative mean -1.14 cm (0 to 4; p < 0.001). Postoperatively, 26 patients (68.4%) required the use of a walking aid. Complications included one (2.5%) dislocation, two (5.1%) partial sciatic nerve injuries, one (2.5%) deep periprosthetic joint infection, two instances of (5.1%) acetabular component aseptic loosening, two (5.1%) periprosthetic fractures, and ten instances of HO (40%), of which three (7.7%) were functionally limiting and required excision. Kaplan-Meier Survival was 97.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 91.4% to 100%) at ten years and 88.2% (95% CI 70.96 to 100) at 15 years with implant revision for aseptic loosening as endpoint and 81.7% (95% CI 70.9% to 98.0%) at ten years and 74.2% (95% CI 55.6 to 92.8) at 15 years follow-up with implant revision for all cause failure as endpoint. Conclusion The use of an optimal and consistent surgical technique and cementless implants can result in significant functional improvement, low complication rates, long-term implant survival, and high patient satisfaction following conversion of hip fusion to THA. The possibility of requiring a walking aid should be discussed with the patient before surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(7 Supple B):129–134.

Development of a prediction model for foot ulcer recurrence in people with diabetes using easy-to-obtain clinical variables

IntroductionWe aimed to develop a prediction model for foot ulcer recurrence in people with diabetes using easy-to-obtain clinical variables and to validate its predictive performance in order to help risk assessment in this high-risk group.Research design and methodsWe used data from a prospective analysis of 304 people with foot ulcer history who had 18-month follow-up for ulcer outcome. Demographic, disease-related and organization-of-care variables were included as potential predictors. Two logistic regression prediction models were created: model 1 for all recurrent foot ulcers (n=126 events) and model 2 for recurrent plantar foot ulcers (n=70 events). We used 10-fold cross-validation, each including five multiple imputation sets for internal validation. Performance was assessed in terms of discrimination using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (0–1, 1=perfect discrimination), and calibration with the Brier Score (0–1, 0=complete concordance predicted vs observed values) and calibration graphs.ResultsPredictors in model 1 were: a younger age, more severe peripheral sensory neuropathy, fewer months since healing of previous ulcer, presence of a minor lesion, use of a walking aid and not monitoring foot temperatures at home. Mean AUC for model 1 was 0.69 (2SD 0.040) and mean Brier Score was 0.22 (2SD 0.011). Predictors in model 2 were: a younger age, plantar location of previous ulcer, fewer months since healing of previous ulcer, presence of a minor lesion, consumption of alcohol, use of a walking aid, and foot care received in a university medical center. Mean AUC for model 2 was 0.66 (2SD 0.023) and mean Brier Score was 0.16 (2SD 0.0048).ConclusionsThese internally validated prediction models predict with reasonable to good calibration and fair discrimination who is at highest risk of ulcer recurrence. The people at highest risk should be monitored more carefully and treated more intensively than others.Trial registration numberNTR5403.