Features of the optical medium of the surface of plant seeds

It was found that the integumentary tissue of plant seeds has the property of enhancing luminescence light. This phenomenon manifests itself in both the time and frequency domain. The gain factor (in power), depending on the type of seed, varies from 1.7 (beans) to 2.6 (rye). To determine it, the optical medium of the plant seed surface was represented as a dynamic link having an input and output. The impulse (time) characteristic of the link was found by the relaxation curve of luminescence. The dependence of the gain on temperature is expressed in the fact that when it decreases from 50 oC to –30 oC, the gain increases from 1.73 to 2.48. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that at the stage of relaxation of luminescence, the absorption coefficient of the optical medium of the seed surface takes a negative value

Peculiarities of High-Energy Induction Heating during Surface Hardening in Hybrid Processing Conditions

This paper presents the results obtained when combining mechanical and surface-thermal operations, using the same process equipment. The paper also demonstrates the possibility of implementing high-energy heating with high-frequency currents, and proposes using an integral temperature–time characteristic as the main parameter to specify surface quenching modes. The numerical values of the integral temperature–time characteristic are to be related to the processing modes and the depth of hardening. The experiments confirmed that an increase in the capacity will be commensurate with an increase in power consumption when a volumetric heating scheme (with a hardening depth of 0.5 mm) is realized. However, during the realization of a volumetric heating scheme, when the 0.7 mm depth of the hardened layer is at the boundary of the “hot” depth of the current penetration into the metal (the beginning of the intermediate heating scheme), the increase in the processing capacity will be higher than that in power consumption.

Fourier analysis of spectral characteristics of a matrix photodetector in the frequency and time domain

The purpose of this paper is to research the frequency and time characteristics of the photo-detector using the direct and inverse Fourier transform. The spectral characteristics of the matrix photodetector were selected as the object of research. For the channels of the trans-ducer it was found that the frequency spectrum consists of two elementary bands in the form of Gaussian curves. It was revealed that the spectra have super-broadband properties. The impulse (time) characteristic of the spectra is described by the equation in an analytical form, which is in good agreement with the calculation. The rise time of the transient response is 1.8–2.9 fs. The process of absorption of light is significantly influenced by dielectric relaxa-tion of the charge. The results obtained provide important information on the properties of the photodetector in the frequency and time domain.

Mpemba Effect- the Effect of Time

This paper concludes that " time is one of the properties of energy, which is the flow rate of energy from object to space or from space to object. When energy flows from object to space, the time on an object is proportional to the energy density inside the object and inversely proportional to the energy density of the space in which the object is located. When energy flows from space to object, the time on an object is inversely proportional to the energy density inside the object and is proportional to the energy density of the space in which the object is located” Using this time characteristic, the Mpemba effect and "inverse" Mpamba effect are analyzed and a reasonable explanation is given.

Real-Time Leak Detection for a Gas Pipeline Using a k-NN Classifier and Hybrid AE Features

This paper introduces a technique using a k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classifier and hybrid features extracted from acoustic emission (AE) signals for detecting leakages in a gas pipeline. The whole algorithm is embedded in a microcontroller unit (MCU) to detect leaks in real-time. The embedded system receives signals continuously from a sensor mounted on the surface of a gas pipeline to diagnose any leak. To construct the system, AE signals are first recorded from a gas pipeline testbed under various conditions and used to synthesize the leak detection algorithm via offline signal analysis. The current work explores different features of normal/leaking states from corresponding datasets and eliminates redundant and outlier features to improve the performance and guarantee the real-time characteristic of the leak detection program. To obtain the robustness of leak detection, the paper normalizes features and adapts the trained k-NN classifier to the specific environment where the system is installed. Aside from using a classifier for categorizing normal/leaking states of a pipeline, the system monitors accumulative leaking event occurrence rate (ALEOR) in conjunction with a defined threshold to conclude the state of the pipeline. The entire proposed system is implemented on the 32F746G-DISCOVERY board, and to verify this system, numerous real AE signals stored in a hard drive are transferred to the board. The experimental results show that the proposed system executes the leak detection algorithm in a period shorter than the total input data time, thus guaranteeing the real-time characteristic. Furthermore, the system always yields high average classification accuracy (ACA) despite adding a white noise to input signal, and false alarms do not occur with a reasonable ALEOR threshold.

From Bergson to Thomas Mann: an Experience of Time in the Novel The Magic Mountain

The article compares some features of the interpretation of time, characteristic of Thomas Mann’s novel The Magic Mountain, with the concept of time developed by Henri Bergson. In The Magic Mountain, which Mann called a novel about time, two forms of time are distinguished, as in Bergson’s Time and Free Will: objective, chronological, which can be measured, and subjective, internal, not subject to measurement and calculation. The main theme of the book is the spiri­tual maturation of the main character, Hans Castorp, who unexpectedly remains for seven years in a high-altitude hospital, where the “external” time is almost imperceptible due to the monotony of the usual forms of existence. This time is “blurred”, gradually losing its meaning for the hero. There is, indeed, the com­plex work of the soul, the understanding of life, illness and death, love experi­ences, understanding philosophy and culture in conversations with “mentors” – heir to the traditions of the Enlightenment Settembrini and Jesuit Naphtha. Berg­son associated this interpenetration of experiences, impressions, and perceptions with “duration” as an internal, subjective time. It plays a special role in Castorp’s existential experience. At the same time, along with these aspects, which encou­rage comparison with the ideas of Bergson, the novel contains other themes re­lated to time and referring to other philosophical traditions. The main ones are the themes of illness and death, and also, partly related to the first, the theme of eternity, which appears in different angles.