COMBINED TECHNOLOGIES FOR MANUFACTURING PARTS IN SOLID ELECTROLYTES

Рассмотрены вопросы изготовления открытых и полуоткрытых полостей в труднообрабатываемых деталях путем использования твердого электролита, наносимого на заготовку перед установкой удаляемой вставки. Показаны особенности протекания процесса анодного растворения припуска при статическом состоянии рабочей среды. Такие исследования выполнены впервые. Разработаны и проверены на практике изготовления типовых деталей режимы обработки для реализации процесса. Показано, что твердые электролиты имеют перспективы для дальнейшего использования при проектировании технологических процессов изготовления сложнопрофильных изделий из металлических труднообрабатываемых материалов, в том числе внедряемых на создаваемых образцах ракетно-космической техники. Они расширяют технологические возможности комбинированных методов, в которых одним из воздействующих факторов является электрическое и электромагнитное поле с высокой концентрацией мощности в импульсе. Впервые достигнута возможность разделять сборочные единицы путем образования зазора между сопрягаемыми деталями без доступа в зону обработки жидкой рабочей среды, определяющей возможность локального съема припуска в месте сопряжения и удаления слоя материала, достаточного для разборки узлов. Заложены основы использования для нанесения твердого электролита аддитивных технологий путем наращивания равномерных слоев перед сборкой изделия. Предлагаемая технология перспективна для изготовления сборных конструкций с ограниченным доступом инструмента в зону выполнения операции. Кроме того, новая технология может успешно применяться в процессе ремонта машин We considered the issues of manufacturing open and semi-open cavities in difficult-to-machine parts by using solid electrolyte applied to the workpiece before installing the removable insert. We show the features of the process of anodic dissolution of the allowance at a static state of the working medium. Such studies have been performed for the first time. We developed and tested in practice the processing modes for the implementation of the process for the manufacture of standard parts. We show that solid electrolytes have prospects for further use in the design of technological processes for the manufacture of complex-profile products from metal hard-to-machine materials, including those introduced on the created samples of rocket and space technology. They expand the technological capabilities of combined methods, in which one of the influencing factors is an electric and electromagnetic field with a high concentration of power in a pulse. For the first time, the ability to separate assembly units by forming a gap between mating parts without access to the processing zone of a liquid working medium has been achieved, which determines the possibility of local removal of the allowance at the mating point and removal of a layer of material sufficient for disassembling the units. We laid the foundations for the use of additive technologies for applying solid electrolyte by building up uniform layers before assembling the product. The proposed technology is promising for the manufacture of prefabricated structures with limited tool access to the operation area. In addition, the new technology can be successfully applied in the process of car repair

The Effect of Combined Processing on Residual Stresses in the Surface Layer of Power Plant Parts

The purpose of this research was to analyze the change in residual stresses in the surface layer of steel samples taking into account the technological heredity effect on the value and sign of residual stresses. An installation of combined processing was developed. Combined processing consists of sequentially performing electromechanical processing and diamond smoothing. All areas of the samples were studied—after machining (i.e., in the initial state), after electromechanical processing, and after diamond smoothing. The research shows that the sign and value of residual stresses are significantly affected by the combined processing modes. The main parameters of the surface layer are formed at the final stage of the combined processing–diamond smoothing. This paper gives recommendations on the use of combined processing for power plant parts.

Development of Abrasive Grain Coating Technology Protective Polymer Casing for Water-Abrasive Cutting

The article presents the technology of covering abrasive grains with a protective polymer shell, which allows to reduce the wear of the focusing tube of the nozzle of a hydroabrasive installation. A description of the manufacturing process of a prototype abrasive with a polymer coating in a fluidized bed is presented in order to determine the critical processing modes at which a high-quality product will be obtained in a minimum operating time of the installation.

POST-POSTMODERN CHANGE OF SENSIBILITY IN PAUL AUSTER’S SUNSET PARK

At the turn of the millennium, the young writers of the New Sincerity movement tried to create a new realist literature by getting rid of the destructive power of postmodern irony. The consecrated writers of the old postmodern guard, whose Weltanschauung was conformed to the style and the relativistic reality-processing modes of the previous paradigm, saw this change with scepticism. Nevertheless, there was a change in their sensibility when approaching certain themes. This article analyses Paul Auster’s Sunset Park as paradigmatic example of that shift in order to shed some light on its nature.

CUTTING STONE BUILDING MATERIALS WITH CUT WHEELS OF CUBIC BORON NITRIDE

The advantage of cutting stone building materials with SSM (synthetic superhard materials) wheels is that, first of all, it is possible to obtain high processing productivity and dimensional stability, which are 3..5 and 50…100 times higher than those of traditional tools based on carborundum, respectively. The study of the process of cutting stone materials with CBN (cubic boron nitrite) wheels is aimed at establishing force dependences, determining the cutting power and heating temperature of the cutting disc during operation. The forces were measured using a tensometric dynamometer UDM-50. To measure and calculate the cutting temperature, a thermoelectric method based on the formation of practically not inertial microthermocouples during cutting was used. The temperature to which the CBN cutting wheel on a metal base is heated is a limiting factor in processing, since when heated to a temperature of 600ºС, the strength of the wheel decreases by half, which can cause its rupture under the action of centrifugal forces, as well as loss of stability and jamming during cutting. In the present study, the wheel temperature was measured after one minute of continuous operation. The values of the component of the cutting force PY, depending on the processing modes, can reach values of the order of 70 N. The values of the component of the cutting force PZ, depending on the processing modes, can reach values of 45 N. The cutting power can be 2800W. The temperature resistance of the wheel (heating time of the wheel up to 600ºС) when cutting dry is maximum 28 minutes, when grinding with cooling of the cutting zone with negative temperature air from a Ranque-Hilsch tube, the temperature resistance is 35 minutes, with ejector cooling of sprayed coolant 37 minutes and with jet-pressure cooling it is 40 minutes. The maximum cutting length is respectively 0.7: 0.8; 0.9 and 2m. The cutting power is 600...2800W.

Modeling of thermal processes in the contact zones of fuel elements

In this work, using two specific examples, a general approach to the mathematical modeling of thermal processes in the contact zones of fuel elements in the development and optimization of various technological processes, systems and devices is considered. In the first example, a mathematical model of heat transfer in the contact zone (metal-hybrid thermal interface) between the heat-generating element and the heat-dissipating radiator is considered. In the second case, the thermal process in the processing of materials with a bonded diamond tool in the contact zone "diamond grain – binder – processed material" is considered and analyzed. The general approach to modeling thermal processes in the contact zones of various fuel elements makes it possible to optimize the parameters of technological processing modes and the correct operating conditions for products and systems

Is intuition allied with jumping to conclusions in decision-making? An intensive longitudinal study in patients with delusions and in non-clinical individuals

Research suggests that a jumping-to-conclusions (JTC) bias, excessive intuition, and reduced analysis in information processing may favor suboptimal decision-making, both in non-clinical and mentally disordered individuals. The temporal relationship between processing modes and JTC bias, however, remains unexplored. Therefore, using an experience sampling methodology (ESM) approach, this study examines the temporal associations between intuitive/analytical information processing, JTC bias, and delusions in non-clinical individuals and patients with schizophrenia. Specifically, we examine whether a high use of intuitive and/or a low use of analytical processing predicts subsequent JTC bias and paranoid conviction. In a smartphone-based ESM study, participants will be prompted four times per day over three consecutive days to answer questionnaires designed to measure JTC bias, paranoid conviction, and preceding everyday-life intuition/analysis. Our hierarchical data will be analyzed using multilevel modelling for hypothesis testing. Results will further elucidate the role of aberrant human reasoning, particularly intuition, in (non-)clinical delusions and delusion-like experiences, and also inform general information processing models.

HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION OF THIN SHEET STEEL 08KP IN AIR

The study of the nature of high-temperature corrosion of metals is one of the tasks in substantiating the relevance of the use of corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant coatings and barrier layers obtained on the basis of the natural oxidation process. The article presents the gradation of oxidation of surfaces of 08kp thin-sheet steel at diff erent temperature-time parameters of one cycle “heating-cooling”. To regulate the processing modes and register thermal eff ects, a diff erential thermal analysis device was used. It is shown that the eff ect of elevated temperatures on steel in air at atmospheric pressure triggers an intensive growth of scale, which peels off from the metal base and breaks down. After descaling on the steel surface, in addition to blue tarnishing, in some cases, fi lms of a red tint were found. Based on the data of diff erential thermal analysis, an att empt was made to separate and interpret transformations related directly to steel and to reactions in scale associated with iron oxides.

Comparative Evaluation of Methods for Stabilizing Alcoholic Beverages Based on Cornel Distillate

Обработки для обеспечения розливостойкости спиртных напитков на основе фруктовых дистиллятов - плодовых водок являются завершающим этапом в технологии производства. Настоящая статья посвящена выбору способа и определению режимных параметров обработки кизиловой водки. С этой целью в работе была проведена сравнительная оценка двух способов обработки - холодом с выдержкой и последующей холодной фильтрацией и ступенчатая фильтрация через мембраны с разным рейтингом пор. Объектами исследования в работе служили контрольный образец спиртного напитка крепостью 45%об., приготовленный из кизилового дистиллята с использованием дистиллированной воды и опытные образцы, подвергнутые стабилизации. На 1-м этапе работы было изучено влияние температуры и длительности обработки холодом на розливостойкость спиртного напитка. Установлено, что при снижении температуры продолжительность обработки до достижения требуемой розливостойкости сокращается. Сравнительная оценка влияния способа обработки (холодом или фильтрацией) показала неэффективность последовательной фильтрации в аспекте стойкости напитка на основе кизилового дистиллята к помутнениям физико-химического характера. Показано, что применение способа, основанного на обработке напитка с использованием низких температур (от -3 до -10 °С), влияет на концентрацию отдельных летучих компонентов. В зависимости от температуры и времени воздействия отмечено снижение суммарной концентрации основных высших спиртов. В наибольшей степени уменьшалась концентрация изобутанола - от 4,6 до 16,7%. Максимальное снижение отмечено в образце, обработанном при -10 °С. В образцах, обработанных холодом, также снижалась концентрация ацетальдегида и метанола. По результатам работы рекомендован способ, основанный на обработке холодом, режимы обработки: -10 °С в течение 2 ч или при температуре -5 °С в течение 6 ч. Processing to ensure the bottling resistance of alcoholic beverages based on fruit distillates-fruit vodkas is the final stage in the production technology. This article is devoted to the choice of the processing method and the determination of the operating parameters of the processing of Cornel vodka. For this purpose, a comparative evaluation of two processing methods was carried out - cold with exposure and subsequent cold filtration and step filtration through membranes with different pore ratings. The objects of research in the work were a control sample of an alcoholic beverage with a strength of 45%vol., prepared from Cornel distillate using distilled water and experimental samples subjected to stabilization. At the first stage of the work, the influence of temperature and duration of cold treatment on the bottling resistance of an alcoholic beverage was studied. It is established that when the processing temperature decreases, the processing time until the required filling resistance is achieved is reduced. A comparative assessment of the effect of the processing method (cold or filtration) showed the ineffectiveness of sequential filtration in terms of the resistance of a drink based on dogwood distillate to turbidity of a physico-chemical nature. It is shown that the use of a method based on the processing of a drink using low temperatures (from -3 °C to -10 °C) affects the concentration of individual volatile components. Depending on the temperature and time of exposure, a decrease in the total concentration of the main higher alcohols was noted. The concentration of isobutanol decreased to the greatest extent - from 4.6 to 16.7%. The maximum decrease was observed in the sample treated at -10 °C. The concentration of acetaldehyde and methanol also decreased in the samples treated with cold. According to the results of the work, a method based on cold treatment is recommended, processing modes: -10 °C for 2 hours or at a temperature of -5 °C for 6 hours.

A Novel Method of a High Pressure Processing Pre-Treatment on the Juice Yield and Quality of Persimmon

This study investigates the effects of a high pressure processing pre-treatment (pre-HPP) on the juice yield of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) pulp and the pre-HPP plus HPP or thermal processing (TP) on microorganism inactivation and quality changes of the persimmon juice. The “Gongcheng” persimmon was selected with the highest juice yield (48.9%), and the pre-HPP set at 300 MPa/8 min increased the juice yield by 60% through an increasing pectin methylesterase (PME) activity of 25.03% and by maintaining polygalacturonase (PG) activity. For different processing modes, namely, pre-HPP plus HPP at 550 Mpa/5 min and pre-HPP plus TP treatment at 95 °C/5 min, both of the guaranteed microorganisms in the juice were below 2.0 lg CFU/mL; however, the persimmon juice treated by the pre-HPP plus HPP had higher contents of total phenol and ascorbic acid which were 16.07 mg GAE/100 g and 17.92 mg/100 mL, respectively, a lower content of soluble tannin which was 55.64 μg/mL, better clarity which was 18.6% and less color change where the ΔE was only 2.68.