Optimal Fitting Method of Nonlinear Simultaneous Equations Considering Structural Tensor Image Modeling

For the purpose of resolving the phenomenon of network congestion in the process of many-to-one communication in multimedia networks at present, the optimal fitting method of nonlinear simultaneous equations (OFMNSEs) is applied to the multimedia transmission congestion control system in this paper. The rate control and resource scheduling are effectively combined, and a clustering network structure is used to activate the congestion control method in turn based on the cluster header and intracluster-related indexes. Finally, it can be known through the analysis of the simulation results that the OFMNSE algorithm put forward in this paper can improve the congestion issue of the multimedia network transmission process and reduce the packet loss rate of data during the transmission effectively under the condition of different relative cache sizes compared with the conventional algorithm.

Import Tariffs and Informal Labour Market: A Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Analysis for Turkey

From the 1980s to onwards trade liberalization policies have been widely used in many countries. This process has significant impacts on many economic aspects one of which is on the labour market. However, the direction of the relationship between trade reforms and the labour market is controversial. This study aims to analyse the effects of a specific trade reform of import tariff changes on the formal and informal labour market for Turkey. For that purpose, we benefit from Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model that relies on nonlinear simultaneous equations. We construct an updated Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) which is compatible with our model. Our findings indicate that while there is a positive relationship between formal labour employment in total and import tariff rates, the negative relationship occurs between informal employment and tariff rates.

A MULTIPLEX INTERDEPENDENT DURATIONS MODEL

We propose a multiplex interdependent durations model and study its empirical content. The model considers an empirical stopping game of multiple agents making optimal timing decisions with incomplete information. We characterize the unique Bayesian Nash equilibrium of the stopping game in a system of simultaneous equations involving the conditional distribution of each duration with a moderate strategic interaction condition. The system of nonlinear simultaneous equations allows us to obtain constructive identification results of the interaction effects and other nonparametric model primitives. We propose two consistent semiparametric estimation methods based on different parameterizations of modeling components with right-censored duration data.

Analysis on Skew of Flat Belts in Two-Pulley Drives

A troublesome problem in flat belt transmission is a phenomenon known as skew, where the belt moves along the axial direction of the pulleys in operation. Skew usually is caused by angular misalignment of pulleys. Angular misalignment can be classified in two types, in-plane misalignment and out-of-plane misalignment. The former is where the axes of a pulley pair, driving and driven, are in the same plane but not parallel. The latter is where the axes of pulleys are not in the same plane. In this paper, both cases of the belt skew caused by out-of-plane and in-plane misalignment are addressed. Theoretical analyses are provided following discussions of the simulation results by finite element method. It is found: (1) in case of out-of-plane misalignment, the skew ratio, an index describing the degree of skew, is determined by a very simple formula in which only three geometrical parameters are required; (2) in case of in-plane misalignment, the skew is much more complicated than that in case of out-of-plane misalignment, and the skew ratio is determined by a system of nonlinear simultaneous equation. An iteration method for solving the system of nonlinear simultaneous equations is proposed. The theoretical analyses for both cases are verified with the FEM results and factors that influence the skew are discussed.

A system of nonlinear simultaneous equations for crown length and crown radius for the forest dynamics model SORTIE-ND

A system of equations was developed to predict crown length (CL) and crown radius (CRAD) for trees in structurally complex stands. The equations address two problems that often arise in crown allometry. First, relationships between the main stem and the crown are likely to change with intertree competition. Therefore, explicit measures of density were used along with main stem measurements as explanatory variables. Second, the physiological relationship between CL and CRAD is often overlooked when modeling crowns. This relationship is incorporated through the use of a simultaneous system of equations. Parameters were estimated using nonlinear three-stage least squares (N3SLS) in which first-stage equation estimates of CRAD are used to estimate CL and vice versa in the second and third stages of N3SLS. The equations were fitted and validated for four species: lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Louden var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson), hybrid spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. × P. glauca (Moench) Voss), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco), and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). The intent is to use the equations as alternatives to the crown equations in the spatially explicit forest growth model SORTIE-ND that use only main stem variables in estimating crowns over time.