Zonas transfronteiriças, delimitação socioespacial e territorial do Estado: o caso da cidade de Jimaní (República Dominicana) e posto fronteiriço de Malpasse/Fonds-Parisien (Haiti)

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo realizar uma discussão sobre a fronteira entre o Haiti e a República Dominicana partindo de uma reflexão sobre as zonas de fronteiras e a dinâmica socioespacial e territorial no caso da cidade de Jimaní e o posto fronteiriço de Malpasse/Fonds-Parisien. Essas relações mantidas na fronteira dos dois países são relevantes para a dinamização socioespacial e a formação territorial nas escalas nacionais dos Estados. Percebermos que a dinâmica da economia local criada na fronteira permite que as populações comercializem bens e serviços, tornando-se atrativas ao se observar o movimento da mercadoria binacional. Buscamos, então, analisar, por processo de abertura e fechamento da fronteira, os principais papéis da fronteira na política da economia urbana voltada a uma desaceleração ou aceleração da economia das cidades fronteiriças. Sendo assim, a economia promovida na fronteira visa à mudança de escala, e, portanto, busca-se analisar as realidades socioculturais regionais em condições de criar identidades e estruturas econômicas de maior valor agregado nas relações comerciais entre esses Estados.Palavras–chave: Fronteira, Estado, território nacional, população de fronteira.Abstract This work has as main objective to carry out a discussion about the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Starting from a reflection on the zones of sources and the socio-spatial and territorial dynamics in the case of the city of Jimaní and the border post of Malpasse/Fonds-Parisien. These relations maintained at the border of the two countries are relevant for socio-spatial dynamization and territorial formation in the national scales of the States. We realise that the dynamics of the local economy created at the border allows the populations to market goods and services, becoming attractive when observing the movement of the binational merchandise. We seek to analyse, by process of opening and closing the frontier, the primary roles of the frontier in the urban economic policy aimed at a slowdown or acceleration in the economy of the border cities.Thus, the economy promoted at the frontier aims at a change of scale, and then, we will seek to analyse regional socio-cultural realities capable of creating identities and economic structures of more significant value added in commercial relations between states.Keywords: Border, State, national territory, border of population.

Paul Celan on the impossibility of testimony: “Ort meiner eigenen Herkunft”

In his poems, Paul Celan does not use words such as territory, border, border crossing, and only very rarely the word space. I would like to reconstruct the traces of ?Heimat? in Celan (in a number of poems from different periods ?Heimat? plays an important role), and perhaps try to describe what Heimat might have meant for the young Paul Antschel (his real name). That is to say, I would like to understand whether ?Heimat? is synonymous with what Celan speaks about, many years after his name change, in the address given on the occasion of the Georg-Buechner-Preis: ?Ich suche auch, denn ich bin ja wieder da, wo ich begonnen habe, den Ort meiner eigenen Herkunft.? In the poems written at the time when Antschel is learning Hebrew as well as reading Martin Buber (Israel Chalfen) for the first time, I look for some basic figures Celan ties to his life in Bukovina at the time, in the environment of Czernowitzer Judentums. Aside from the works by Israel Chalfen, Else Keren and Elke Guenzel, I would like to make use of a book published some ten years ago, a detailed listing of Celan?s Paris library. I would like to consult this archive in the coming period, since Celan punctuated the margins of many of those books with evocations of his early creative period.

URGENSI KERJASAMA ANTAR DAERAH (INTERGOVERNMENTAL) DALAM PENANGANAN BENCANA ALAM DI DAERAH

Indonesia cluster regions have unique geographical and topographical characteristics also have potential for natural disasters. Potential for natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions, earthquake, tsunami, flood and landslide happen almost in every place in Indonesia. In the past, the handling for natural disasters still use rigid and centralized hierarchy bureaucracy approach which has not been able to handle the disasters and handle post disasters appropriately. The decentralization spirit changes handling natural disasters paradigm which giving authority toward regions government to manage the disasters in its territory. However, the big challenge is to synchronize every regions governments perception that natural disasters in regions can be manage only with one institution or region government according to territory border. The natural disasters management which include the pre disasters and post disasters need together management by several government stratum based on intergovernmental networks. The writer used inductive approach method which allow to describing of the result of analysis study of the possibility of cooperative effort between regions through Regional Disaster Department (BPBD) in several areas in East Java that are Malang region, Kediri, Pasuruan and Bojonegoro by knowing the standard and policy/program/activity target, the condition of resource, and the condition social politic and economy. The result of study analysis about handling the disaster have conclusion that the handling effort pre disaster and post disaster are very multi-dimensional. In the context of government authority, handling of disaster not only handle by one region government. This is where the concept of cooperation between regions (intergovernmental networks) in important to be expanded at the local level. The cooperation between local regions have potency the capacity of region government in order to share experiences, share advantages and share task/assessment together in improving the function of public services in each region government. Then, the result of study analysis also concludes the importance to strengthening BPBD institutions to facilitate the cooperation between governments in local regions in order of handling the disasters.

Measured reductions in the density of camels under the Australian Feral Camel Management Project

In this paper we provide a coarse comparison between camel density estimates derived from aerial surveys conducted during the early and latter stages of the Australian Feral Camel Management Project, considering the number of camels removed between the surveys as a result of management intervention across three large and distinct geographic zones. Overall, despite the assumptions made during our analyses and possible errors associated with these, the post-aerial surveys in all three zones show a significant population decline compared with the corresponding pre-aerial surveys. The observed population decline in two zones (the Pilbara and that centred on the South Australia-Western Australia-Northern Territory border junction) were broadly consistent with the number of camels removed in each zone between aerial surveys. The population decline detected in the third zone (the Simpson Desert) was much greater than the known removals and there appeared to be another factor involved, possibly drought-induced natural mortality. We raise a number of concerns about making this type of comparison, including the limitations of working with a highly mobile species distributed across a broad landscape and the low number of aerial surveys available for this type of comparison due to a limited project monitoring budget.

The Curious Case of Werner Weinhold: Escape, Death, and Contested Legitimacy at the German-German Border

In the early morning hours of December 19, 1975, a shooting incident took place at the inter-German border, on the boundary line between Thuringia and Bavaria, near the East German town of Hildburghausen. According to West German border guards on duty at the time, the moonlit calm of a cold and clear winter night was disrupted around 2:25 a.m. by the sound of submachine-gun fire from the eastern side of the boundary. During the next hours plenty of additional commotion ensued on East German territory: border soldiers combed the terrain behind the border; officers drove around directing the proceedings; helicopters buzzed overhead. Based on their observation of similar past incidents, West German authorities quickly deduced what had probably taken place: an attempted escape across the heavily fortified German-German border. The main variables not known at the time were whether the attempt had been successful and whether anyone had been hurt.

The distribution, habitat requirements and conservation status of the plains rat, Pseudomys australis (Rodentia : Muridae)

Species in the Pseudomys australis complex were historically widely distributed in a variety of habitats over southern Australia. By 1990 the group had apparently declined to a single species in the centre of its former range in the north-western Lake Eyre Basin, in gibber plain areas. In the past, the species has been collected only after exceptional annual rainfall. This study sought to define the current distribution of P. australis and to determine its preferred habitats during the usual prolonged dry periods. Allozyme electrophoresis on blood and tissue samples were used to investigate the genetic distinctiveness of geographically separated populations. The known distribution has been extended along a belt of gibber habitats running from north-west of Lake Eyre on the Northern Territory border to south of Lake Eyre South, and a discrete population inhabiting gibber tableland west of Lake Torrens. Pseudomys australis was extant in low-lying patches of deep cracking clay associated with minor drainage features and small depressions of cracking clay ‘gilgai’ common on some gibber plains. The former type sustained significantly denser populations, which we suggest represent ‘source’ habitats or ‘refugia’ during droughts. Many of the 16 localities at which the species was recorded are geographically separated; however, electrophoretic analyses showed high levels of allozyme heterozygosity and no evidence of speciation.