Treponema denticola in microflora of bovine periodontitis

Periodontitis in cattle is an infectious purulent progressive disease associated with strict anaerobic subgingival biofilm and is epidemiologically related to soil management at several locations of Brazil. This study aimed to detect Treponema species in periodontal pockets of cattle with lesions deeper than 5mm in the gingival sulcus of 6 to 24-month-old animals considered periodontally healthy. We used paper cones to collect the materials, after removal of supragingival plaques, and kept frozen (at -80°C) up to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using T. amylovorum, T. denticola, T. maltophilum, T. medium and T. vincentii primers. In periodontal pocket, it was possible to identify by PCR directly, the presence of Treponema amylovorum in 73% of animals (19/26), T. denticola in 42.3% (11/26) and T. maltophilum in 54% (14/26). Among the 25 healthy sites, it was possible to identify T. amylovorum in 18 (72%), T. denticola in two (8%) and T. maltophilum in eight (32%). Treponema medium and T. vincentii were not detected over all 51 evaluated samples. The presence of Treponema amylovorum, T. maltophilum and, in particular, the widely recognized T. denticola in subgingival microflora brings an original and potencially important contribution in studies of the bovine periodontitis.

Changes in subgingival microflora after placement and removal of fixed orthodontic appliances

Introduction. The placement of fixed orthodontic appliances may lead to increased plaque accumulation and changes in subgingival microflora. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in frequency of subgingival microflora that occur after placement and removal of fixed orthodontic appliance using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods. This study included 33 orthodontic patients, who were divided into two groups. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from the right upper incisor (U1) and right upper first molar (U6). In group A, the samples were taken three times: before placement appliance (T1), after one month (T2), and after 3 months (T3). In group B the samples were also taken three times: before appliance removal (T1), after one month (T2), and after three months (T3). PCR method was used to determine the presence of P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. forsythia, and P. intermedia. Results. In group A the frequency of P. gingivalis showed statistically significant decrease at U1 (p=0.049) and U6 (p=0.008), from T1 to T2, and at U1 (p=0.048) from T1 to T3. In group B only the frequency of T. forsythia showed a statistically significant decrease, at U6 (T1 vs. T2, p=0.004; T1 vs. T3, p=0.0003). Regarding other analyzed bacteria, changes in the presence were noticed but no statistical significance was found. Conclusion. Placement of fixed appliances may have an impact on subgingival microflora, but in the first months after the placement and removal of the appliance changes were not significant, probably due to good oral hygiene.

Evaluation of Subgingival Microflora in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients

ABSTRACT The present investigation was designed with the aim of studying the microbiota of diabetic patients—both insulin dependent and noninsulin dependent and nondiabetic individuals. Each of the three groups had 15 patients, coming under the age group of 35 to 55 years and all having periodontitis. Even though the microbial flora are almost the same, specific microorganisms may not be predisposing cause for the periodontal disease process in diabetics. The study is clinically significant by means of its implication in the treatment of bacterial infections related to periodontitis and in those patiets who are having systemic diseases, like diabetes along with poor periodontal condition and infections. How to cite this article Kumar VVH, Kumar KPM, Gafoor A, Santhosh VC. Evaluation of Subgingival Microflora in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2): 157-162.