Exercise retards ongoing adipose tissue fibrosis in diet-induced obese mice

Exercise has been recommended as an important strategy to improve glucose metabolism in obesity. Adipose tissue fibrosis is associated with inflammation and is implicated in glucose metabolism disturbance and insulin resistance in obesity. However, the effect of exercise on the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exercise retarded the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis and ameliorated glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. To do so, obesity and adipose tissue fibrosis in mice were induced by high-fat diet feeding for 12 weeks and the mice subsequently received high-fat diet and exercise intervention for another 12 weeks. Exercise alleviated high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Continued high-fat diet feeding exacerbated collagen deposition and further increased fibrosis-related gene expression in adipose tissue. Exercise attenuated or reversed these changes. Additionally, PPARγ, which has been shown to inhibit adipose tissue fibrosis, was observed to be increased following exercise. Moreover, exercise decreased the expression of HIF-1α in adipose fibrosis, and adipose tissue inflammation was inhibited. In conclusion, our data indicate that exercise attenuates and even reverses the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis, providing a plausible mechanism for its beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in obesity.

Lifestyle interventions reduce exercise ventilatory variability in healthy individuals: a randomized intervention study

Aim: Variation of exercise ventilation confers poor prognosis in heart failure. Sedentary men have higher exercise ventilatory variability than athletes. However, the impact of lifestyle intervention on exercise ventilatory variability in sedentary people is unknown and this is the aim of this study. Materials & methods: Prospective controlled single-blinded interventional study that randomly assigned healthy sedentary individuals to diet and exercise (intervention group, n = 12) or no intervention (control group, n = 12) for 12 weeks. Exercise ventilatory variability was accessed before and after intervention. Results: Despite similar values at baseline, there was a 15% reduction in respiratory rate variability (root mean square of the successive differences/n) in intervention group. Conclusion: Diet and exercise training reduced exercise ventilatory variability.

Challenges encountered in the Implementation of A Diet and Exercise Intervention for Low-Income Hispanic Older Adults with Diabetes

The purpose of this study was to present the challenges faced when implementing a diet and exercise intervention for low-income older Hispanics with type 2 diabetes with an observational study of recruitment, attendance, and characteristics of Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes in a community congregate meal site pre and post administration of a diet and exercise intervention. This report evaluates retentions and diabetes self-management beliefs Hispanic adults ≥60 years with type 2 diabetes (n=17) at baseline, and completion of the six-month intervention in terms of the Health Belief Model. There was limited interest in controlling diabetes with diet and exercise. Major barriers included lack of perceived vulnerability to diabetes complications and a belief that medication alone is sufficient to stabilize blood glucose. Environmental barriers included lack of transportation, access to exercise groups, access grocery stores, and limited ability to pay for healthy foods. A lesson learned from this intervention was that the diet and exercise intervention given was insufficient as a cue to action for this population interventions to engage low-income, older Hispanics with diabetes in diet and exercise need to consider strategies to overcome barriers such as health beliefs, transportation issues, lack of access to nutritious food and group exercise classes.

Abstract P562: Firefighters Have Worse Cardiovascular Health And Mental Health Characteristics Than Civilians And Different Blood Pressure Surge Responses To Pager Activation

Introduction: Heart-related incidents cause over 50% of LODD in firefighters (FF). Physical, health-related, and emotional stress are all part of the FF job; and these all increase BP levels and cardiac risk. Using ambulatory BP (ABP) monitoring to measure BP over time and quantify the BP surge with alarm is a novel way to assess risk, so we compared a group of FF to Civilians. We hypothesized that FF would have worse CV health and higher BP surges compared to civilians. Methods: We included 43 FF and 30 Civilians who completed 3 visits: ABP monitoring with pager activation, a fasted clinical appt, and fitness testing. Participants wore the ABP cuff for a 12-hr period, during which they were paged by a pager app (OnPage) or by emergency service dispatch. When the pager sounded, they were instructed to force an ABP reading to assess the BP surge. Average BP levels and surges were determined. Fasted visit included BP, body fat, lipid panel, and vascular health measures. Fitness test included a treadmill VO 2peak and a battery of other fitness tests. Participants also completed a health history form and the DASS-21 questionnaire assessing stress, anxiety, and depression. Results: We found that FF (39.4 ± 2.2 yrs) had worse CV health, better fitness, but higher stress and depression levels compared to Civilians (39.7 ± 2.7 yrs), P<0.05 for differences. FF had higher clinic SBP (128.7 ± 1.7 vs 119.7 ± 1.9), clinic DBP (81.8 ± 1.2 vs 75.7 ± 1.7), central arterial pressures measured by SphygmoCor® XCEL (121.8 ± 2.7 vs 112.3 ± 2.9 and 84 ± 1.5 vs 78.3 ± 2.3), and average SBP measured by ABP (130.9 ± 1.5 vs 119.6 ± 4.3 mmHg). FF had higher Pre-Alarm SBP levels (126.9 ± 3.3 vs 112.5 ± 4.8 mmHg) but similar Post-Alarm SBP levels. Thus, FF had a smaller SBP surge with alarm (12.5 ± 2.3 vs 16.2 ± 5.5 mmHg). Clinically, FF had similar cholesterol (183.5 ± 5.3 vs 188.9 vs 9.9) and LDL levels (117.9 ± 4.8 vs 116 ± 10.2 mg/dl), had similar BF percentages (29.4 ± 1.5 vs 31.7 ± 1.5 %), but were heavier (203.9 ± 5.5 vs 182.7 ± 7.3 lbs). FF also had lower HDL (46.8 ± 2.6 vs 59.9 ± 3.6 mg/dl), percent flow-mediated dilation (8.4 ± 0.8 vs 10.1 ± 1 %), and SEVR (156.1 ± 4.1 vs 172.6 ± 5.4) levels. For fitness, FF had similar VO 2peak (35.2 ± 0.9 vs 37.1 ± 1.8 ml/kg-min) but better plank pose (110.1 ± 9.5 vs 73.8 ± 6.7), wall sit (112.7 ± 15.9 vs 59.4 ± 5.2 sec), and #steps climbed in 2 min (320.8 ± 10.1 vs 280.2 ± 11.8). FF had worse overall psychometric characteristics: higher DASS-21 total score 13.9 ± 2.3 vs 5.5 ± 1.3; depression score 5.1 ± 1.3 vs 0.7 ± 0.3; stress score 5.9 ± 0.9 vs 2.7 ± 0.7; but similar anxiety scores 2.9 ± 0.4 vs 2 ± 0.6. Conclusions: In conclusion, with this subset of baseline data, we confirmed that FF have worse CV health, stress, depression and perceived health ratings. It is known that exercise and diet can improve all of these. Therefore, our participants are currently undergoing a diet and exercise intervention to assess changes in health, psychometric scores, and BP surge levels.

PO-038 Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the treatment of diabetic patients

Objective To investigate the effect of nutrition and exercise intervention on lowering blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods In Wuhou district of Chengdu and Tianfu New Area, select TongZi Community health service centers and Er Jiang community health service center in patients with type 2 diabetes health management team, the latest Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) ≧ 7.4% of the patients as the research object, 592, randomized methods for nutrition intervention group + exercise intervention group, exercise intervention group and control group, each group of about 200 people. Adopt the self-designed questionnaire to collect the general information of patients, including gender, age, culture level, course of the disease and the complications, etc., using the standard method of measurement, the measurement of the patient's body, including blood pressure, heart rate, biochemical tests Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) and so on. Patients were followed for one year. At 3, 6 and 12 months, patients were followed up with questionnaires, physical measurements and HbAlc tests Results The patients with 3, 6 and 12 months the total response rate was 98.2%, 99.2% and 98.6%, compared with the baseline, the two intervention groups Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) in different periods of follow-up is falling, 6 months is more noticeable, nutrition intervention group + exercise intervention group decreased by 0.44%, movement intervention group decreased by 0.23%, while the control group increased by 0.08%. It can be seen that proper exercise can increase the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, thus increasing the use of glucose angiosperms and other tissues in blood and lowering blood glucose. Even for individual patients, exercise combined with diet therapy can even stabilize blood glucose at normal levels. Effective exercise and nutrition intervention is an important measure to treat diabetes. Conclusions The long-term diet and exercise intervention for diabetic patients is not only beneficial to the health of diabetes, but also can significantly improve the quality of life of patients. Effective exercise and nutrition intervention are important measures to treat diabetes.