Mangroves of Maharashtra State (India): Diversity and Sustainability

Mangroves are defined as tropical and sub-tropical forests with a diverse floristic composition bordering the sea on muddy or peaty low lands periodically submerged or influenced by the tides. Maharashtra is one of the coastal states of India, with many rivers emerging from Sahyadri ranges and meeting the Arabian Sea. The coast line available for Maharashtra state is 720 km. Ratnagiri, Sindhudurg, Raigad, Thane and Mumbai are the five coastal districts of the state of Maharashtra. All the districts together have more than 55 small, medium and large estuaries. It is found that estuaries like Vijaydurg shows maximum mangrove area of and estuaries like Kelye shows minimum area. It also reveals that the species like E. agallocha, A. ilicifolius, R. mucronata, A. officinalis and A. marina show maximum percentage of occurrence as compared to the species like X. granatum, C. iripa, B. cylindrica, S. caseolaris, H.fomes and T. gallica. The studies on mangrove biodiversity in five districts show the major variations. The study found 20 typical mangroves, 10 halophytic species, 13 border line mangroves and 15 mangrove associates from all these districts. Among these the uncommon and threatened greet pied Hornbill (Buceros bicornis) have been found at some sites. Some of the common crab species are Uca roseus, Uca lactea annulipes and Uca vocans. The species like Scylla serrata and Portunus pelagius are edible. In the present study 13 sp. of Molluscs, 25 species of edible fish, 9 species of Reptilia, 45 sp. of birds and 10 species of Mammalia are found. It is found that out of twenty-four species analyzed, some species are analyzed as Critically Endangered (CR), some are found Endangered (EN). From this study it is found that all sites being under human pressure the natural zonation pattern is not seen. The existing zonation pattern is a result of natural distribution and human disturbances.

Study of Fiddler Crab (Uca sp.)Community in Mangrove Ecosystem of Mangrove Areas Curahsawo Probolinggo, East Java

Fiddler crab (Uca sp.)one of the crabs that inhabit the intertidal area, especially around the mangrove forest research was conducted in the mangrove areas Curahsawo, district of Gending, Probolinggo, East Java in April 2017. The aim of this study is to determine the structure community violin crabs in the mangrove areas Curahsawo Probolinggo. The measured parameters namely pH, soil organic matter and soil texture. Sampling point there are three stations, namely station 1 is mangrove area, station 2 is in the pond area, the station 3 is the estuary area. Results of measurement of environmental quality at the location of research is soil pH among 7.09 to 8.03, soil organic matter among 1.027% to 3.106%, and the type of soil is sandy clay and dusty clay. fiddler crabs are found in mangrove ecosystem Curahsawo there are 6 types of Uca rosea, Uca lactea, vocans Uca, Uca perplexa, dussumieri Uca, Uca demani. The highest density of crabs is Uca perplexa as much as 16 ind/m2, the lowest type of Uca demani 4 ind/m2. Value diversity fiddler crabs in mangrove ecosystem Sawo relatively standart is 1,56. The value of existing dominance is 0,96. Index violin crab distribution patterns in the Mangrove Ecosystem Munitions Sawo is uniform for Uca lactea, Uca vocans, Uca dussumieri , Uca demani and clumped to Uca rosea and Uca perplexa. The result of the spread of fiddler crab to the type of soil texture is very visible on the Uca perplexa since spread across all points of soil sampling with the number 6 ind/m2 to 16 ind/m2 in the texture of clay and sandy loam.

Variasi Morfologi dan Kelimpahan Kepiting Uca spp. di Kawasan Mangrove, Tuban-Bali

Fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) are one of the mangrove fauna that has an important role of food chain within the scope of mangrove, which is as a deposit eater. The mangrove area in Kampoeng Kepiting has been damaged due to reclamation for Bali Mandara toll road construction, which can interfere the survival/existence of Fiddler crabs. Therefore, it is necessary to do a research concerning the abundance of Fiddler Crabs in Kampoeng Kepiting mangrove area. The aim of this study is to determine the type and abundance of Fiddler crabs and to discover the coherency among Fiddler Crabs abundance in the manner of c-organic matter content in Kampoeng Kepiting area. Fiddler crabs samples were carried out using 1×1 meter quadrant transect by digging as deep as 30 cm. The abundance of Fiddler crabs was analyzed under the Krebs equation. The results from this study indicate Fiddler crabs were found in Kampoeng Kepiting area ,i.e. Uca demani, Uca coarctata, Uca dussumieri, Uca bellator, Uca lactea perplexa, Uca tetragonon, Uca chlorophthalmus crassipes, Uca lactea annulipes, Uca triangularis, and Uca vocans. The highest Fiddler crabs abundance were found at station 4 which is 72±4,2 ind/m2, whilst the abundance of Fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) at station 5 is (33±1,2 ind/m2). The c-organic matter content has a strong relationship with the abundance of Fiddler crabs in Kampoeng Kepiting mangrove area (r = 0,91). This study shows that mangrove conditions in Kampoeng Kepiting are still able to support Fiddler Crabs (Uca spp.) existence.

Struktur Komunitas Uca Spp. Di Kawasan Hutan Mangrove, Bedul Utara, Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Jawa Timur

The study aims were to determine the community structure of Uca sp.and its environmental factor at the segara anakan north Bedul Alas purwo national park. Research conducted when the lowest tide began on april 24th,2017. At research station, 30 sampling points was determined by purposive sampling method. Samples ware taken by making 1x1 square, space 5m between each square and observed with the space 2m between square and observer and after ten minutes then recorded all the species belonging to each plot. Environment parameters measured to determine the diference of environmental factor to structure community of Uca crabs. Samples of crab preserved with formaldehida 4% and collected in tha jar. Eight species were found in segara anakan north bedul is Uca rosea, Uca perplexa, Uca capricornis, Uca bellator, Uca tetragonon, Uca crassipes, Uca rapax, Uca lactea. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas dari Uca sp. di kawasan hutan mangrove serta faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian dilakukan pada saat air surut terendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 24 April 2017. Metode yang dilakukan ialah dengan purposive sampling dan dengan menggunakan belt transek. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat plot berukuran 2 m x 2 m sebanyak 30 plot dan dengan jarak antar plot ialah 5 m. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan dari jarak 2 m dan setelah 10 menit kemudian di catat semua spesies yang termasuk ke dalam tiap plot. Dilakukan pengukuran parameter lingkungan untuk mengetahui perbedaan faktor lingkungan terhadap struktur komunitas kepiting Uca. Spesies kepiting yang telah tercatat diambil individunya untuk dijadikan sampel dan dilakukan identifikasi kemudian diawetkan di dalam botol selai dengan menggunakan formalin 4%. Sebanyak 8 jenis kepiting Uca yang ditemukan di hutan mangrove kawasan Bedul, yaitu Uca rosea, Uca perplexa, Uca capricornis, Uca bellator, Uca tetragonon, Uca crassipes, Uca rapax, Uca lactea.