Calculi of the Parotid Gland

Sialolithiasis is the most common disorder of major salivary glands with approximately 80% to 95% occurring in the submandibular gland and 5% to 20% in the parotid gland. Parotid stones are composed of organic substances such as cellular debris, muco-polysaccharides and glycoproteins, and inorganic substances, mainly phosphates and calcium carbonates. Conventional x-ray sialography combined with US is the method of choice for visualization of salivary gland calculi. Sialography and US are also inevitable in patient's qualification for diagnostic and therapeutic sialoendoscopy, thus avoiding sialadenectomy. An alternative, non-invasive diagnostic method is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR sialography (MRS), or unenhanced computed tomography (CT). Therapeutic options include parotidectomy, external lithtripsy, and interventional sialoendoscopy.

Parotid sialolithiasis and sialadenitis in a 3-year-old child: a case report and review of the literature

Background Salivary gland calculi are common in adults but rare in the paediatric population. It accounts for only 3% of all cases of sialolithiasis. Parotid ductal calculus is rare as compared to submandibular ductal calculus. Case presentation A 3-year-old boy presented with acute painful right parotid swelling with pus discharge from the Stensen duct. Computed tomography revealed calculus obstructing the parotid duct causing proximal ductal dilatation and parotid gland and masseter muscle oedema. The child was treated with conservative measures, and subsequently the swelling and calculus resolved. Conclusions Small parotid duct calculus in children may be successfully treated with conservative measures which obviate the need for surgery. We discuss the management of parotid sialolithiasis in children and conduct literature search on the similar topic.

DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DE SIALOLITÍASE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

A sialolitíase corresponde a cerca da metade de todos os casos de doenças das glândulas salivares, tendo a submandibular comoo principal sítio acometido. Há uma maior prevalência em indivíduos do sexo masculino entre 30 e 60 anos de idade, com localização na porção distal do ducto e no hilo submandibulares e sendo de forma assintomática. Os sintomas se desenvolvem quando os cálculos atingem grandes proporções para ocasionar obstrução do fluxo salivar, onde é comum ocorreraumento de volume doloroso na região, especialmente durante as refeições. Em decorrência da obstrução, podem se desenvolver inflamação crônica ou infecção aguda e, mais raramente, abscessos. O objetivo deste trabalho, foi realizar uma revisão da literatura auxiliando ao profissional de Odontologia sobre o correto diagnóstico, tratamento e possíveis complicações da sialolitíase.Palavras-chave: Cálculos das Glândulas Salivares; Glândula Submandibular.ABSTRACT Sialolithiasis corresponds to about half of all cases of diseases of the salivary glands, with the submandibular as the main affected site. There is a higher prevalence in male individuals between 30 and 60 years of age, located in the distal portion of the submandibular duct and hilum and asymptomatic. Symptoms develop when the stones reach enough sizes to cause obstruction of the salivary flow, where it is common to report an increase in painful volume in the region, especially during meals. As a result of the obstruction, chronic inflammation or acute infection and, more rarely, abscesses may develop. The objective of this work was to carry out a literature review assisting the dental professional on the diagnosis, treatment and possible complications of sialolithiasis. Key words: Salivary Gland Calculi; Submandibular Gland.

Recurrent Parotitis due to Parotid Duct Calculi

Introduction Recurrent parotitis is frequently encountered in Otolaryngology practice. Parotid calculi, however is extremely uncommon as compared to submandibular calculi. Hence parotid duct calculi as a cause of recurrent parotitis need a special emphasis. Case Report We present here a rare case of recurrent parotitis due to parotid duct calculi in a 35 yr old female patient, who initially had presented to ENT OPD with recurrent pain and swelling for last eight months. Clinical examination was suggestive of calculi in the left parotid duct area which was confirmed by relevant radiological evaluation including USG, CT scan and parotid sialography. Patient was treated by superficial parotidectomy along with removal of the calculi from the parotid duct. Discussion Calculi arising from the submandibular duct and gland are well established and quite easy to diagnose, but parotid calculi are quite unheard of in clinical practice. According to Western literature, parotid calculi account for 15-20% of all salivary gland calculi. We present here the case along with the relevant review of the literature.

Sialolithiasis: An unusually large asymptomatic submandibular salivary stone

Salivary gland calculi account for the most common disease of salivary glands. The majority of sialoliths occur in submandibular gland or its duct and they are a common cause of acute and chronic infections. This case report describes an asymptomatic patient presenting with a large submandibular duct sialolith, the subsequent non surgical management of the patient along with etiology, diagnosis and various treatment modalities available for the treatment of salivary gland calculi depending on their site and size.