Structural-Phase State of UFG-Titanium Implanted with Aluminum Ions

Transmission electron microscopy investigations were carried out to study the structural-phase state of ultra-fine grain (UFG) titanium with the average grain size of ~0.2 μm, implanted with aluminum ions. Implantation was carried out on MEVVA-V.RU ion source at room temperature, exposure time of 5.25 h and ion implantation dosage of 1⋅1018 ion/cm2. UFG-titanium was obtained by a combined multiple uniaxial compaction with rolling in grooved rolls and further annealing at 573 К for 1h. The specimens were investigated before and after implantation at a distance of 70-100 nm from the specimen surface. Concentration profile of aluminum implanted with α-Ti was obtained. It was revealed that the thickness of implanted layer was 200 nm, while maximum aluminum concentration was 70 at.%. Implantation of aluminum into titanium has resulted in formation of the whole number of phases having various crystal lattices, like β-Ti, TiAl3, Ti3Al, TiC and TiO2. The areas of their localization, the sizes, distribution density and volume fractions were determined. Grain distribution functions by their sizes were built, and the average grain size was defined. The paper investigates the influence of implantation on the grain anisotropy factor. It was revealed that implantation leads to the decrease in the average transverse and longitudinal grain size of α-Ti and decrease in the anisotropy factor by three times. The yield stress and contributions of separate strengthening mechanisms before and after implantation were calculated. The implantation has resulted in increase in the yield stress by two times.

EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF ANISOTROPIC EMISSION OF NEUTRONS FROM 252CF NEUTRON SOURCE WITH THE SPHERICAL PROTECTION CASE

The anisotropic emission of neutrons from a cylindrical X1 252Cf source with the spherical external casing was experimentally determined. The influence of metal materials and shapes of the external casing to the anisotropy factor, FI(θ), was assessed by the Monte Carlo calculation, before performing the measurement. The results of the calculation implied that light- and spherical-shaped external casing decreases the anisotropic emission of neutrons from a cylindrical source and the nature of the material does not affect the anisotropic emission to a large extent. The experimental results obtained when a spherical-shaped aluminum protection case was employed also revealed that the anisotropy factor was close to 1.0 with a wide zenith angle range. Considering the source handling and measures against mechanical impact to the source, we designed an SUS304-made spherical protection case for a renovated source delivering apparatus. With the SUS304-made spherical protection case, the measured anisotropy factor FI(90) was determined to be 1.002 ± 0.002 (k = 1). Results from the experiments also indicated that the measured anisotropy factor has a flat distribution from 55 to 125° with zenith angle.

Parameters of Mechanical Properties and Resistance of Intermetallic Compounds to Martensite Transformations

The paper analyzes Poisson’s ratios μ0=μ100,001=-s12/s11 and elastic anisotropy factor A'=s/s11 (s=s11-s12-s44/2) for single crystal materials of binary and three-component TiNi-TiFe alloys with gradually deteriorating resistance first to one B2-R and further to two martensite transformations B2-R-B19'. The study discusses a ratio H/E of TiNi-TiFe alloys both subject and not exposed to martensite transformations. Surprisingly, this ratio exceeds 0.035 for alloys with martensite transformations, being far higher than in the majority of metals and alloys.

Regularity condition on the anisotropy induced by gravitational decoupling in the framework of MGD

We use gravitational decoupling to establish a connection between the minimal geometric deformation approach and the standard method for obtaining anisotropic fluid solutions. Motivated by the relations that appear in the framework of minimal geometric deformation, we give an anisotropy factor that allows us to solve the quasi–Einstein equations associated to the decoupling sector. We illustrate this by building an anisotropic extension of the well known Tolman IV solution, providing in this way an exact and physically acceptable solution that represents the behavior of compact objects. We show that, in this way, it is not necessary to use the usual mimic constraint conditions. Our solution is free from physical and geometrical singularities, as expected. We have presented the main physical characteristics of our solution both analytically and graphically and verified the viability of the solution obtained by studying the usual criteria of physical acceptability.