The Influence of Integrated Fertilizer on Physiological and Agronomic Character of Aloe Vera L. Plant in Sandy Soil

Abiotic environment usually influence the physiological properties of plants, which consequently affect its growth and yield. The research aims to determine the effect of combined integrated fertilizers on the physiological and agronomic character of Aloe vera plants. The experiment was laid out in RCBD, with three replications. Treatments were factorial combinations of cow manure rate (30 and 45 t ha-1) and humic nitrogen of eight levels i.e. urea, AS, NPK fertilizer, KNO3, humic urea, humic AS, humic NPK, and humic KNO3. Observed variables include physiological and agronomic component of plants. Data were subjected to ANOVA followed by DMRT at 5% significance level. There were significant interaction effect between manure rates and nitrogen sources upon all variables measured. Highest values of stomata index and density were achieved by the combined effect of manure rate of 30 t ha-1 with urea, while manure rate of 45 t ha-1 with humic urea resulted the highest value of stomata aperture. Increase in all physiological as well as agronomical characters were achieved by manure of 30 and 45 t ha-1 with the addition of humic urea.

Morphological and agronomical characters of four black rice varieties from West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Palupi T, Pangaribuan F, Hearnes, Riyanto F, Wasian, Zulfita D. 2020. Morphological and agronomical characters of four black rice varieties from West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1065-1073. The black rice paddy is a variety of rice known to have anthocyanin content which is beneficial to human health. Yet, the black rice paddy is relatively rare to find as not all rice-growing areas develop and plant black rice. West Kalimantan has several potential black rice varieties which are potentials as genetic resources to create a new black rice variety in plant breeding programs. This research was aimed to describe the morphological and agronomical characteristics of four black rice varieties from West Kalimantan, namely Nanga Taman, Mukok, Senakin, and Ensalang. The study was conducted at the experimental garden of Agriculture Faculty, University of Tanjungpura, Pontianak using Completely Randomized Design. Each variety consisted of six replications, and each replication consisted of 3 samples. We observed 12 characters of the vegetative phase and 21 characters of the generative period. The four varieties had similarities in 13 characters and differences in 20 characters. The results showed that the four black rice had superior properties such as the stem angle and the angle of the leaves is upright so that it reduces interference from bird pests. Among them, the Senakin variety had an advantage over the three other varieties in terms of plant height, age, the number of productive tillers, and weight of grains.

Evaluation of SSR and important agronomical characters of promising mutant lines of soybean

Asadi, Dewi N, Nugroho K, Terryana RT, Mastur, Lestari P. 2020. Evaluation of SSR and important agronomical characters of promising mutant lines of soybean. Biodiversitas 21: 299-310. Improved soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) varieties resistant to major pest or disease, and in accordance with consumer preferences are important in breeding programs to raise their productivity. Identification of superior promising mutant lines of soybean before releasing them needs multiple environment trials complemented with molecular assay. This study aimed to assess morpho-agronomical and molecular characters using SSR markers of promising mutant lines of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). A total of 14 SSR markers were used to evaluate 20 mutant lines along with their parental lines and check varieties, and eight different locations were chosen to field evaluation of 11 selected lines induced by gamma-ray. Values of Polymorphism Information Content, allele number, and gene diversity index were high, indicating the great genetic diversity among these mutant lines, and far distant from their parental lines. Phylogenetic tree also supported the distinguishable among gamma ray-induced mutant lines compared to the parental lines. The significant interaction between promising line and environment showed their high adaptability and stable yield in various environments. Biosoy-8 (2.713 ton/ha) and Biosoy-11 (2.631 ton/ha) revealing the high yields lines supported with the molecular information could be potential to be released as new varieties and can direct their efficient utilization for field application or further improvement scheme.

Comparative Evaluation of Einkorn Accessions (Triticum monococcum L.) of Some Main Agricultural Characters

A set of 15 landraces was estimated by seven agronomical characters. The analysis of variance showed that the most relative variable character during the period of study was the grain yield, followed by the spike length and the thousand kernel weight. The accessions with the shortest stem were B3000126 (90 cm) and B3000128 (95 cm), while B4E0040 and B3000130 had dense and long spikes. The highest thousand kernel weight was observed in B3E0024 (37.66 g), followed by B3000126 (36.60 g). B3000024 and B3000082 possessed high production potential. PC-analysis was applied to arrange accessions by their similarity. The first two factors explained 68.533 % of total variation. The first factor had an important role to justify alteration of length of vegetative growth phase, number of spikelets per spike, plant height and the thousand kernel weight. The second factor justified 27.603 % of total variance. Cluster analysis based on the two factors grouped the landraces into six groups.