Latihan Gabungan Penyelamatan Diri Dari Bencana Banjir Kerjasama Prodi Ners, BPBD, PPNI Dan Karang Taruna Kelurahan Bentiring

ABSTRAKBanjir merupakan luapan air yang melebihi tinggi muka air normal sehingga meluap dari palung sungai yang menyebabkan terjadinya genangan air dilahan rendah. Pada umumnya banjir terjadi karena curah hujan yang tinggi yang mengakibatkan sistem pengaliran air yang terdiri dari sungai dan anak sungai serta sistem saluran drainase dan kanal penampung banjir buatan yang ada tidak mampu menampung akumulasi air hujan sehingga meluap (Mandasari, 2020). Banjir merupakan bencana alam yang ketiga terbesar didunia yang telah banyak menelan korban jiwa dan kerugian harta benda (BNPB, 2016), (BNPB, 2012). Angka kejadian banjir bandang di Bengkulu menuruti peringkat ke 7 secara nasional dengan 28 kali kejadian banjir bandang dan 231 kejadian banjir (Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia, 2018), sedangkan kejadian banjir dan tanah longsor di provinsi Bengkulu telah melanda 9 kabupaten dan kota dengan dampak akibat banjir terdapat 30 jiwa meninggal, 6 jiwa hilang, 4 jiwa luka-luka, 12.000 mengungsi dan 13.000 terdampak akibat banjir (BNPB Provinsi Bengkulu, 2019). Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan keterampilan kelompok karang taruna dalam melakukan penyelamatan diri dari bencana banjir sehingga dapat mengurangi angka kerugian dan kematian saat terjadi banjir di kelurahan bentiring Kota Bengkulu. Terdapat perubahan keterampilan tentang cara penyelamatan diri dari bencana banjir, dengan demikian latihan gabungan penyelamatan diri dari bencana banjir pada kelompok karang taruna di kelurahan bentiring Kota Bengkulu sangat efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan kelompok karang taruna dalam melakukan penyelamatan diri agar dapat mengurangi angka kerugian dan kematian saat terjadi banjir. Diharapkan dengan melakukan latihan gabungan penyelamatan diri, masyarakat menjadi lebih siap saat terjadi banjir. Kata Kunci: Latihan Gabungan, penyelamatan diri, banjir. ABSTRACTFlooding occurs when the regular water level of a river exceeds the capacity of the riverbed, causing pools on low terrain. Floods are caused by excessive rainfall, which causes a water drainage system comprised of rivers and tributaries, as well as drainage systems and artificial flood storage canals, to become unable to accept the buildup of rainwater, causing it to overflow. (Mandasari, 2020). Floods are the world's third-largest natural disaster, claiming many lives and causing significant property damage (BNPB, 2016). (BNPB, 2012). Bengkulu ranks 7th in the country for flash floods, with 28 flash floods and 231 floods (Indonesian Central Statistics Agency, 2018), while floods and landslides have impacted 9 districts and cities in Bengkulu province. 30 people died in floods, 6 people went missing, 4 people were injured, 12,000 people were displaced, and 13,000 people were affected (BNPB Bengkulu Province, 2019). The purpose of this community service project is to develop the skills of young groups in self-rescue from flood disasters so that they can reduce the number of losses and deaths in Bentiring Village, Bengkulu City when floods come. The combined exercise to save themselves from flood disasters in youth groups in Bentiring village, Bengkulu City, has been highly beneficial in developing the skills of youth groups in carrying out self-rescue in order to limit the amount of losses and deaths when floods come. The community will be better prepared in the case of a flood if they practice collaborative self-rescue exercises. Keywords: combined exercise, self-rescue, flood.

Optimal Operation of Complex Flood Control System Composed of Cascade Reservoirs, Navigation-Power Junctions, and Flood Storage Areas

As more and more water projects are built on rivers, the flood control operation becomes more complex. Studies on the optimal flood control operation are very important to safeguard human life and property. This study focused on optimizing the operation of a complex flood control system composed of cascade reservoirs, navigation-power junctions, flood storage areas, and flood control points. An optimal model was established to jointly maximize flood peak reduction rates of downstream flood control points. A hybrid algorithm named the Dynamic Programming-Progressive Optimality Algorithm (DP-POA) was used to solve this model, and the middle and lower reaches of the Ganjiang River were selected as a case study. The results show that flood reduction at three downstream flood control points ranged from 1080 to 5359 m3/s for designed floods with different return periods, which increased by about 333~1498 m3/s in comparison with the conventional operation. Considering that the maximum water level of reservoirs using DP-POA and the conventional operation is the same, this indicated that DP-POA can make full use of the reservoirs’ flood control storage to reduce downstream flood peaks. In addition, the flood diversion volume of the flood storage area using DP-POA ranged from 0.33 × 108 to 1.79 × 108 m3 for designed floods with 200-year, 300-year, and 500-year return periods, which is smaller than that using the conventional operation.

COST Action LAND4FLOOD - Natural Flood Retention on Private Land: Overview of recent activities and future plans

<p>Every devastating large flood usually leads to initiation of different flood risk reduction activities. There are numerous options available how to approach flood risk management. Only limited part of approaches considered land management as significant topic in the flood risk management. Therefore, efficient and effective land management for flood retention and resilience is needed. COST action LAND4FLOOD (CA 16209) deals with natural flood retention on private land. More information about the specific cost action can be found on the web-page http://www.land4flood.eu/ and LAND4FLOOD twitter account @Land4Flood.</p><p>Some of the recent activates of the COST action include:</p><p>-Organization of series of workshops on different topics such as “Strategies for achieving flood resilience”, “Delivering Nature-Based Solutions (NBS)”, “NBS for flood retention in Southern Europe”, “Compensation Mechanism for Flood Storage”, “Innovative and successfully implemented strategies for achieving resilience in Flood Risk Management with a special focus on private and public property flood resilience” and organization of stakeholders meetings.</p><p>-Publication of policy briefs entitled “How Private Land Matters in Flood Risk Management?” that is also translated in French and Spanish and “Compensation for Flood Storage” that is available in Portuguese, Spanish, Czech and French versions.</p><p>-Support of multiple Short Term Scientific Missions (STSM) and ITC and conference grants.</p><p>-Publication of book about “Nature-based Flood Risk Management on Private Land” and multiple scientific papers.</p><p>-Preparation of the LAND4FLOOD leaflet (i.e. http://www.land4flood.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Leaflet-LAND4FLOOD-final.pdf) that is translated into Albanian, Bulgarian, Slovakian and Slovenian languages.</p><p>Moreover, the COST action will finish in September 2021, thus there are still several ongoing projects such as open STSM calls, workshop initiations, research project application and book proposals. For example, a recent book proposal that has just been launched will review what we know about flooding land and how to implement spatial flood risk management and resilience. More specifically, as pointed out land is needed for flood risk management. Thus, to store excess water and retain it without major damage. However, this land is often in private ownership. This book proposal will explore different options regarding storage of water in the catchment during flood events: in the hinterland with decentral measures, along the rivers in polders, washlands and in resilient cities. The book will put the focus on land as a biophysical system (including hydrological aspects), as a socio-economic resource, and as a possible solution for flood risk reduction (i.e. asking for policy interventions to activate the land for flood protection measures). These three areas (i.e. hinterland, along the streams, in resilient cities) and the three analytical lenses (i.e. processes to influence stakeholders and interests in land, socio-economic context of land and environmental conditions of land for retention) will indicate how to use land to reduce the impact of flooding.</p>