The space of ragoûts. Diderot, the dressing gown and Penelope in a beer hall

My article aims to interrogate the tension between space and time in Diderot’s philosophy starting from the tableau of the imagination and its specific functioning.By examining the category of ragoût – a culinary preparation that, during the 18th century, became an expression of an aesthetic of the relationship and harmony between the parts and the whole – I will show how it plays, between the Lettres sur les souds et muets, the Essais sur la peinture, the Salons and the Regrets sur ma vieille robe de chambre, its central role in defining an idea of dynamic spatiality, within which reality and representation coexist in relationships of mutual tension and correspondence. In fact, the ragoût reveals a conception of convenience which, by interweaving space and time, recalls the processes of human reason and interrogates them in pictorial and real space, making it habitable and comprehensible: if a detail always reveals a totality, activating a process of orientation in reality, when the relationship between the parts and the whole breaks down, the world itself falls apart. It is the law of convenience and ragoût that regulates the world: to change one’s dressing gown is to redefine one's life entirely. If this does not happen, if the relationship between the fragment and the whole is broken, as in La Grenée painting exhibited at the Salon 1767, Penelope appears more suited to a beer hall than to the majestic but sober palace of Ithaca.

Prophet

This chapter highlights how Erich Ludendorff turned to works of commentary and prophecy. The failure of the Kapp and Beer Hall putsches and his inability to seize control of the splintering völkisch movement in the mid-1920s began the process of slowly dissolving most of the connections Ludendorff had forged to various political movements. As those bonds dissolved, the chapter unveils a new ideological movement that would attract tens of thousands to Ludendorff’s ideals. This chapter then takes a look at the marriage of Ludendorff and Mathilde von Kemnitz, and focuses on the two projects, the cultivation of Ludendorff’s legend in the Tannenberg League and evangelizing for Mathilde’s neopagan philosophy, “Deutsche Gotterkenntnis” (Germanic understanding of God). Ultimately, it illustrates Ludendorff’s 1922 work Kriegsführung und Politik and discusses his evolution from the “stab in the back” of 1918–19 toward the full-blown belief in the pernicious influence of the “supranational powers” that fills the pages of his works by the late 1920s.

Putschist

This chapter assesses the impact on Erich Ludendorff postwar life of Germany’s defeat. Ludendorff found himself without occupation, embittered by the perceived betrayal of his colleagues, defamed by much of the increasingly vocal revolutionary and antiwar forces in Germany, and driven almost to distraction by the unaccustomed inactivity. It discusses Ludendorff’s travel to Berlin and his stay in the Keithstrasse after his dismissal. The chapter then looks at the revolutionary occurrences in Berlin, prompting Ludendorff to fled briefly to Potsdam and return to the Berlin residence of an officer acquaintance, Captain Wilhelm Breucker. Ultimately, it analyses how the Beer Hall Putsch, the subsequent struggle for control of the remnants of the Nazi party, and the failed presidential bid affected Ludendorff’s political adroitness.

Chope dos Mortos – a tradução de jogos de palavras em um estudo direcionado pelo corpus / Beer Hall of the Dead – the translation of puns in a corpus-driven study

RESUMO: Este trabalho discute a tradução de jogos de palavras (JPs) na direção português-inglês, mais especificamente o JP intitulado ‘Chope dos Mortos’, que faz parte do romance O xangô de Baker Street (SOARES, 1995). O artigo é o recorte de nossa tese de doutorado, e tem como objetivo analisar a tradução do JP citado para a língua inglesa. Utiliza-se da abordagem teórico-metodológica da Linguística de Corpus para selecionar o JP como dado a ser analisado na pesquisa e identifica-se como um estudo direcionado pelo corpus, conforme discutido por Tognini-Bonelli (2001). A análise baseia-se principalmente nas estratégias de tradução de JPs apresentadas por Delabastita (1996) e considera, dentre outras, as postulações de Raskin (1985) e Attardo (1994). Como resultado, verifica-se que as estratégias de tradução usadas para recriar (traduzir) o JP em inglês são compatíveis com a estratégia JP → JP, em que um JP é traduzido por outro na língua-alvo, sendo permitidas diferenças em termos de estrutura formal, estrutura semântica ou função textual.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: tradução; jogos de palavras; Linguística de Corpus. ABSTRACT: This study discusses the translation of puns in the Portuguese-English direction, more specifically the pun 'Beer hall of the dead', which is part of the novel O xangô de Baker Street (SOARES, 1995), translated into English as 'A samba for Sherlock'. The article derives from our doctoral thesis, and aims to analyze the translation of the pun into the English language. It uses the theoretical-methodological approach of Corpus Linguistics to select puns as data to be analyzed and is characterized as a 'corpus-driven approach' as discussed by Tognini-Bonelli (2001). The analysis is based mainly on the strategies of pun translation presented by Delabastita (1996) and takes into account theoretical conceptions of Raskin (1985) and Attardo (1994). As a result, it verifies that the translation strategies used to recreate the pun in English are compatible with the PUN → PUN strategy, in which a pun is translated by another one in the target language, being allowed differences in terms of formal structure, semantic structure, or textual function.KEYWORDS: translation; puns; Corpus Linguistics.

«Beer Hall Putsch» in the US press assessment

The paper studies the problem of the American press reaction to an attempted coup in Germany in 1923. The reasons for the Beer Hall Putsch from the point of view of the press were studied. The author shows the process of information accumulation about the putsch, the role and attitude of various representatives of the US press to it, and the international reaction to the Nazism. The role of Hitler in the coup attempt is analyzed. The author proves that there was direct influence of large American newspapers chief editors opinions on the information about the coup in Germany. The analysis of the US press reaction to the Beer Hall Putsch shows that American newspapers during the first days of the events observed these events closely. Moreover, the trends typical for the central press (coverage of international events, desire for analytics and forecasts) were also characteristic of small local periodicals. The Beer Putsch information support shows that in 1923 the US press was clearly divided in assessments about the most important issue: to support the rebels or to condemn them. The paper shows how the image of the Beer Hall Putsch influenced the policy of aggressors pacification in the future.