General Anxiety Disorder-Related Coronavirus Disease-19 Outbreak in Indonesia: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: The outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) which is now a pandemic has become a problem that occurs in every area of life. Coronaphobia, a new term in the psychiatry literature referring to excessive fear of being infected by SARS-COV2 or COVID 19. Infected by influenza, having close relatives or friends with this fatal virus, and strong fear of infection have been reported as important predictors of stress posttrauma. We report a case report-related COVID-19 in Indonesia. CASE PRESENTATION: A 23-year-old female, dentistry student living in a boarding house in East Java, Indonesia, along with her friend and coming from a middle-up income family background, came to psychiatric consultation with complaints of difficulty of breathing for 1 month ago. This anxiety began to get heavy, especially since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID 19) outbreak appeared in Indonesia. In addition, she also recently experienced a failure in her final examination so that her study period as a dentistry student must be extended. Exploration of history revealed that the patient initially experience a feeling of heaviness in the chest, difficulty breathing, palpitation, and sometimes feeling sad due to her failure before. She was then given pharmacological interventions in the form of fluoxetine and clobazam and psychotherapy and progressive muscular relaxation through online. CONCLUSION: General anxiety disorder, especially due to the COVID-19 outbreak, should be managed appropriately and comprehensively. The pandemic situation and widespread spread of the disease cause psychotherapy to be modified in such a way that assistance can be carried out online.

Knowledge of dental students and professionals about the management of traumatic dental injuries

Knowledge about the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) is extremely important in improving the prognosis of such cases. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge of dental students and professionals about the management of TDIs, and the factors that influence this knowledge, through a literature review. Methods: An electronic search was performed in the PubMed database, with no language or date restrictions. Studies that evaluated the knowledge of dental students or professionals about the management of TDIs were considered eligible. Results: From a total of 1902 retrieved papers, 36 full-texts were assessed for eligibility, and 31 were included in this review. All studies evaluated TDI knowledge through questionnaires; 15 of them only concerned tooth avulsion. In general, knowledge about TDI treatment, both in deciduous and permanent dentition, was considered to be low or moderate. Individual factors (age and gender), professional factors (postgraduate degree, qualification time and place of work), and previous TDI knowledge (attendance frequency, previous education and self-judgment about the knowledge) influenced the knowledge and the frequency of correct answers. Conclusion: Dentistry student and professional knowledge about TDIs is not satisfactory.

Gambaran Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren pada pengguna alat ortodonsi cekat mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren (SAR) adalah lesi mukosa oral yang timbul secara berulang, biasanya berupa ulser berwarna putih kekuningan. Penggunaan alat ortodonsi cekat merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya SAR. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 61 responden. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 80,3% pengguna alat ortodonsi cekat mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi pernah mengalami SAR, dimana perempuan lebih cenderung mengalami dibandingkan laki-laki. Lama penggunaan alat ortodonsi cekat berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya SAR. Sebanyak 29,51% pengguna alat ortodonsi cekat menggunakan alat ortodonsi cekat selama >2tahun, dan sebanyak 36,73% menyatakan bahwa frekuensi terjadinya SAR terjadi secara tidak teratur. Lokasi terjadinya SAR yaitu pada mukosa pipi 48,98%, mukosa bibir 48,98%, dan lidah 2,04%. Sebanyak 30,61% responden membiarkan SAR tanpa perawatan dimana 53,33% responden sembuh < 1 minggu, 2,04% berobat ke dokter umum dan sebanyak 67,35% mengobati sendiri, dimana 57,58% diantaranya menggunakan obat oles. Kata kunci : Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren, alat ortodonsi cekat.ABSTRACTRecurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) can be defined as lesions of the oral mucosa which occours repeatedly, normaly in the form of white yellow ulcer. The using of fixed orthodontic application is one of the factors that trigger RAS to occur. The objective of this research is to discover the description of RAS within the users of fixed orthodontic appliance in dentistry student of Sam Ratulangi University. The sampling method had taken by purposive sampling from 61 sample respondents. The results were gained from the questionnaire that were given to the respondents. The result of this research shows that 80,3% of the fixed orthodontic appliance users in dentistry student of Sam Ratulangi University ever experienced RAS, by which females tend to experience more than males. Duration of fixed orthodontic application usege is highly influential to the occurrence of RAS. About 29,51% of the users have been using this fixed orthodontic appliance for > 2 years, and 36,73% of them stated the frequency of the occurrence of RAS is irregular. The location where RAS occurs can be describe as 48,98% in cheek mucosa, 48,98% in the lips mucosa and 2,04% in tongue. For the amount of 30,61% of the users left the SAR untreated, in which 53,33% of the total respondents admitted healed between <1 weeks, 2,04% seek treatment at the doctor, and 67,35% treat it by themselves which 57,58% of them used topical medicine. Keywords : Reccurent Aphthous Stomatitis, fixed orthodontic appliance.

Gambaran Ulkus Traumatik pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Alat Ortodontik Cekat di Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Ulkus traumatik merupakan lesi ulseratif pada mukosa mulut yang disebabkan oleh trauma. Salah satu penyebabnya yaitu penggunaan alat ortodontik cekat. Adanya ulkus traumatik dapat menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan pada mulut pasien selama perawatan ortodontik.Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ulkus traumatik pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat di Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 61 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Data diperoleh berdasarkan wawancara terhadap responden.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 90,1% mahasiswa pengguna alat ortodontik cekat di PSKG FK-UNSRAT pernah mengalami ulkus traumatik, dimana perempuan lebih banyak mengalami ulkus dibandingkan laki-laki. Sebanyak 60% responden menyatakan ulkus pertama kali terjadi pada periode < 1 bulan setelah penggunaan alat. Lokasi terjadinya ulkus yaitu pada mukosa pipi 80% dan mukosa bibir 20%. Penyebab ulkus traumatik yang paling sering yaitu kawat (56,3%). Ulkus yang terjadi dengan frekuensi tidak teratur ditemui pada 72,7% responden. Sebanyak 43,7% responden membiarkan ulkus tanpa perawatan, 12,7% berobat ke dokter gigi dan 40% responden mengobati sendiri, dimana 63% diantaranya menggunakan obat topikal.Kata kunci: ulkus traumatik, alat ortodontik cekat.ABSTRACTTraumatic ulcer is an oral mucosa ulcerative lesion caused by trauma. One of the causes is the using of fixed orthodontic appliance. Traumatic ulcer can give an uncomfortable feeling to the patients during the orthodontic treatment.This is a descriptive study that aims to know the traumatic ulcer of the fixed orthodontic appliance users in dentistry student of Medical Faculty Sam Ratulangi University. The samples were 61 people taken by total sampling technique. Data was obtained by interviewing the respondent.The result showed that 90.1% of orthodontic patients had experienced traumatic ulcer, more girls than boys. About 60% respondents had experienced the ulcer for the first time at period < 1 month after application. The location of traumatic ulcer in buccal mucosa is 80% and lip mucosa 20%. The most common cause of traumatic ulcer is wire (56%). Ulcer with irregular frequency found in 72.7% respondents. About 43.7% respondents left the ulcer untreated, 12.7% made dental visit, and about 40% made self-treating which 63% of them used topical medicine.Keywords: traumatic ulcer, fixed orthodontic appliance.