Research on the Path of Agriculture-related Higher Vocational Colleges in Serving the "Belt and Road" Initiative

Under the background of vigorous promotion of "Building a community with a shared future for mankind" and the "Belt and Road" Initiative, the international exchanges and cooperation of higher vocational colleges in China are embracing new opportunities and challenges. By studying the policy basis of agriculture-related vocational colleges serving the "Belt and Road" Initiative, this paper analyzes the current situation of agriculture-related vocational colleges serving the "Belt and Road" Initiative. The aim is to make explorations on ways for agriculture-related higher vocational colleges to serve the Belt and Road Initiative from the aspects of connotation construction, cooperation platform innovation, international production capacity cooperation, overseas student training, standard output, overseas education, technical training, and characteristic building.

PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF INDIVIDUALIZING THE TRAINING OF WINTER POLYATLONISTS OF THE SPORT SPECIALIZATION STAGE

The article deals with the pedagogical aspects of individualizing the training process of winter polyamorists at the stage of sports specialization. In order to identify the most important aspects, an analysis was made of the federal sports training standard for winter polycation, programs of sports school «Ekran», scientific-methodical literature on the subject of research. Analysis of various sources revealed that the process of individualization of young platonists in sports for children and young people is a pressing issue today that requires new approaches.

Management Controls and Intrinsic Motivation: Insights from a Lean Organizational Setting

Using survey data from 300 employees, we examine whether feedback, training, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and visual management are positively related to intrinsic motivation, and, in turn, performance, via perceptions of autonomy. Specifically, we consider these relationships in the context of a lean organizational setting. We aim to contribute to the management accounting literature by investigating when and how employees' perceptions of control mechanisms facilitate intrinsic motivation and ultimately performance. Our results show that perceptions of training, feedback, and visual management are positively related to intrinsic motivation (and, in turn performance) via autonomy. In a supplemental analysis, we decompose intrinsic motivation into two dimensions, challenge and enjoyment. We find that our original model holds but is driven by the intrinsic motivation employees receive from challenging tasks. We also show that SOPs are not related to autonomy but are directly related to the enjoyment dimension of intrinsic motivation.

British Thoracic Society Training Standards for Thoracic Ultrasound (TUS)

IntroductionThe British Thoracic Society (BTS) responded to a call from the pleural community to establish this new Training Standard to detail the capabilities in practice for thoracic ultrasound (TUS), which will build on the previous curricula and extend the remit to include training for the emergency provision of TUS.MethodsBTS convened a working group to produce a set of Training Standards.ResultsThis document provides a comprehensive Training Standard for TUS facilitating timely and improved management of patients with respiratory presentations, particularly (but not exclusively) pleural pathologies.DiscussionThe Training Standards document will be widely disseminated.

A248 WHAT IS THE MINIMUM TRAINING STANDARD FOR POINT OF CARE INTESTINAL ULTRASOUND? A SINGLE CENTER, PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO DEFINE TRAINING STANDARDS

Background Higher demands for colonoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for long term disease monitoring can be expected as the prevalence of IBD continues to rise in Canada. As resources are perpetually constrained, timely access to effective monitoring strategies important to direct care are increasingly compromised. Intestinal ultrasound provides a cost-effective solution to these challenges. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a patient-centered, accurate modality used during clinic by non-radiologists to enhance clinical decision making. Minimum IUS training standards have yet to be established. Aims The aim of this study is to report a single operator IUS performance characteristics after completion of 4 weeks of training with 100 completed supervised scans. Methods A single center, prospective, observational study over 4 years utilizing a convenience sample of patients presenting to the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinic at the University of Calgary. A single operator compared IUS to gold standard (either colonoscopy, or alternative cross-sectional imaging) with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value calculated for each year. Joinpoint regression was performed to analyze the trend for sensitivity and specificity over the study period. Results A total of 235 IUS were performed on 235 individuals diagnosed with IBD between 2013 and 2016. There were individuals with 26 ulcerative colitis and 209 persons diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. There was a non-significant increase in sensitivity and specificity point estimates over the 4 year period (Table 1). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy of IUS in 2016 were 100% (95% CI: 81%-100%), 92% (95% CI: 62%-100%), 94% (95% CI: 72%-99%) and 97% (95% CI: 8%-100%) respectively. Conclusions IUS provision by a gastroenterologist having completed 100 supervised scans during training within an expert center is sufficient, resulting in high accuracy. Although there is some improvement over time, the trend towards improvement over time is not significant. This study provides evidence to inform IUS training programs with a minimum training standard benchmark, imperative with expanding demand and development of new expert centers. Funding Agencies None