ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI (AMF) CHARACTERIZATION IN RHIZOSPHERE of Gigantochloa atter

Mycorrhizae are typical structures found in a plant's root system found symbiotic mutualism between fungi (myces) and roots (rhiza). Mycorrhizae have an essential role for plants because they can increase water and nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus absorption. The purpose of this study was to determine the mycorrhizal genera on the roots of parring bamboo plants (Gigantochloa atter) in Sabantang Hamlet, Toddopulia Village, Tanralili District, Maros Regency because there is no scientific information regarding this issue. This research was conducted with the wet filter method or sieving. The isolation of spores from the rhizosphere of Gigantochloa atter samples was carried out by referring to the pouring method and wet sieving using a stratified filter set. Staining techniques were used to observe the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal structures in the roots of the sample plants. The results showed that 27 spores were found, consisting of 15 spores of the Glomus genera, three spores of the Gigaspora genera, and nine Acaulospora genera. Observation of the root structure has not shown the presence of vesicular and arbuscular. However, only hyphae and spore structures were found because the mycorrhizal hyphae in Gigantochloa atter have not yet reached the infection stage to form arbuscular or vesicular structures

PENGARUH FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) DAN MYCORRHIZAL HELPER BACTERIA (MHB) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JABON (Anthocepalus cadamba Roxb.) The Effect of Arbuscula Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Mycorrhizal Helper Bacteria (MHB) on Growth of Jabon

Jabon (Anthocepalus cadamba Roxb.) is one of the fast-growing species that naturally spread in some areas of Indonesia. Known as well adapted to some types of soil, and attributes to a quite high of economical prospects value. Interaction of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) symbiotic involve not only between fungi and plant’s root but also involving supporting organisms (bacteria). This bacteria capable to stimulating the development of mycorrhizal hyphae namely as Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria (MHB). The aims of this research was to discover of bacterial isolates that can stimulate the development of AMF in Jabon seedling and to examine the effectiveness of MHB isolate and AMF toward Jabon growth. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized-split splot design with two factors. The main plot was AMF with two levels; without AMF (M0) and with AMF respectively. Bacteria as the sub-plot with 19 levels consist of the control (B0), Isolate of Glomus sp with coding B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17, and B18 respectively. Our experiment result showed that AMF inoculated of Jabon seedling had significantly effect on root colonization and root dry weight. The average of root colonization was 20.2%. Root dry weight increased 4.69% compared to control. Bacteria were suspected as MHB has not provided significant resultsKey words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, jabon, mycorrhizal helper bacteria

Influence of Phosphorus and Nitrogen on Mycorrhizas in Winter Wheat

Intraradicular installation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas on the roots acts to amplify growth and to increase potential yield. Extraradicular network of hyphae developed by mycorrhizas acts as an extension of the root in order to access the nutrients located in unexplored areas. The percentage of roots occupied by mycorrhizal hyphae fluctuates heavily under the influence of fertilization. The highest values of the colonization parameters were recorded with a high level of phosphorus fertilization applied as phasial input. High doses of mineral fertilizers with phosphorus applied with seeding favors the development intraradicular hyphal networks in wheat roots.