Evaluating the Use of Digital Cartography to Showcase the Intangible Heritage

New narratives are essential for ensuring the sustainability of tourist destinations and improving visitor experience. One key resource destination that can be drawn on is intangible heritage, which digital cartography can help visitors to interpret. The overall objective of this chapter is to analyze—from a multidisciplinary perspective—the opportunities digital cartography offers for the exploitation of literary heritage. The authors present an evaluation tool (validated by experts), whose aim is to analyze the different dimensions and elements that should be incorporated in digital maps. The intention is to enable the analysis of existing digital literary tourism maps and to encourage the future use of the many options offered by digital cartography in maps of this nature.

Eliminating white spots

This article reflects on the construction of Curt Nimuendajú's “Ethno-historical map”, an exhaustive work that sought to map the native groups of South America. This map was one of the most widely-used representations by researchers since its creation in 1944. The theoretical framework adopted in this paper stresses maps as rhetorical constructs that should be read as texts. The article also discusses the limits and possibilities of a visual vocabulary to understand explicit and implicit theoretical and methodological decisions in cartography. Digital cartography will be employed to bring out the differences between what the author of the project intended and what was presented in the "Ethno-historical map". The text starts with a description of the work and its most evident options, showing a relative selectivity in Nimuendajú's choices. In the last part, technical procedures will be abandoned to interpret the results considering the new critical cartography and ethno-geography positions.

Making progress in determining quality: positional accuracy of the new 1:25,000 scale digital cartography

The digital cartographic coverage at 1:25,000 that the Military Geographic Institute is creating has been worked on using international standards, so that it constitutes a standardized and interoperable tool, for the various areas of activity in Chile. In this context, the ISO TC 211 standards and the TDS (Topographic Data Store) data model developed by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) are being used.Apart from using these standards, efforts have been aimed, from an early stage, at the determination of the quality of this product, starting this process with the study for a methodology to measure Positional Accuracy. The method defined conforms to the NSSDA test; for this, points measured in the terrain especially for this control are used, also the elimination of points that are out of range under the Chauvenet Criteria. Finally, the positional accuracy is declared in the metadata.

Bridging research and dissemination in the CoViD-19 era: a WebGIS dashboard for the Autonomous Province of Trento (Italy)

The paper presents an ongoing project devoted to the study, the analysis and the representation of epidemiological data related to CoViD-19 spread in the territory of the Province of Trento (Italy), both for scientific and communication purposes. In this broader context, the construction of a digital cartography tool as a WebGIS to allow local communities understanding of epidemiological spread is presented. Data have been supplied by the local Provincial Health Authority; statistic have been processed in order to develop municipality scale vector polygonal coropleth and point maps in order to show affected, health and death rate distribution. A timeline allows the representation of changes and dynamics from Spring 2020 to the current date. The database provides “on-the-fly” data to the production scripts of maps and time charts. These scripts querying the database produce a geographic file in the geojson standard interchange format. This file is read by the javascript scripts based on the leaflet libraries for the production of the final maps. In a similar process, scripts based on the chart.js library produce the graph of the data temporal variation, automatically reading dates and interval time of analysis. A custom procedure was developed to allow the periodic update of the dataset. New information is added to the database by uploading an external spreadsheet. The study presents the methodology to develop and assess the WebGIS for managing, visualize and analyse Coronavirus diffusion. Future implementation of the WebGIS will expand the used data and allow the comparison with social and environmental factors.

The Model of Digital Cartographic Layers of Different Scales to Calculate the Ratios of Cartographic Generalizations: An Applied Study to Anah City

The research aims to give an accurate perception of the role of modern technologies, represented by geographic information systems, in extracting data and information, and then building a geographical database for urban land uses in an Ana city to reach generalized models based on the source map with a scale of 1/5000 and then building generalized models through The application of digital generalization elements according to the different standards adopted in the research (1/10000, 1/25000, 1/50000, 1/100000) in order to reach the end to the best results in the cartographic production of these models in a way that facilitates the process of understanding and perception by finding The most appropriate way to represent this data on a map according For the functional importance of each of the uses through disposal to eliminate overlap between uses Depending on the generalization elements of selecting, deleting, simplifying, smoothing, coding and exaggeration, and finally, as The research showed that there is a difference in the areas, uses and preparation of methods when moving from one scale to another. the research concluded by building a three-dimensional model to simulate the natural process of generalizing digital cartography according to different scales.

Cartografía digital disidente: El caso de Santiago de Chile durante el estallido social de 2019

El 18 de octubre de 2019 estalló en Santiago de Chile una de las mayores crisis sociales de la historia reciente del país. En un contexto de represión estatal y de desinformación surgieron múltiples iniciativas dedicadas a reunir colaborativamente información espacial, mayoritariamente apoyadas en las nuevas tecnologías. El objetivo de este trabajo es descubrir su significado y utilidad. Para ello se han identificado y analizado estos registros cartográficos mediante la observación participante no impostada en redes sociales. Los resultados muestran la cartografía digital como una estrategia de cuidado mutuo, un entorno de lucha y un hito fundamental para su continuidad. On the 18th October 2019, one of the biggest social crises in Chile’s recent history broke out in its capital Santiago. Against a backdrop of state repression and disinformation, there emerged multiple collaborative initiatives, largely based on new technologies, to collate spatial information. The objective of this article is to discover this collation’s significance and usefulness. As such, these cartographic records have been identified and analysed by way of genuine participatory observation within social networks. The results present digital cartography as a strategy of mutual care, an arena for struggle and a fundamental milestone in its continuity.

Cartografía digital disidente: el caso de Santiago de Chile durante el estallido social de 2019

El 18 de octubre de 2019 estalló en Santiago de Chile una de las mayores crisis sociales de la historia reciente del país. En un contexto de represión estatal y de desinformación surgieron múltiples iniciativas dedicadas a reunir colaborativamente información espacial, mayoritariamente apoyadas en las nuevas tecnologías. El objetivo de este trabajo es descubrir su significado y utilidad. Para ello se han identificado y analizado estos registros cartográficos mediante la observación participante no impostada en redes sociales. Los resultados muestran la cartografía digital como una estrategia de cuidado mutuo, un entorno de lucha y un hito fundamental para su continuidad. On the 18th October 2019, one of the biggest social crises in Chile’s recent history broke out in its capital Santiago. Against a backdrop of state repression and disinformation, there emerged multiple collaborative initiatives, largely based on new technologies, to collate spatial information. The objective of this article is to discover this collation’s significance and usefulness. As such, these cartographic records have been identified and analysed by way of genuine participatory observation within social networks. The results present digital cartography as a strategy of mutual care, an arena for struggle and a fundamental milestone in its continuity.

The general theory of cartography

The article discusses the preconditions, basic concepts and provisions of the general theory of classical and digital cartography.

Chronicle of a forecast flood: exposure and vulnerability on the southeast coast of Spain

In recent years, flooding has become one of the main natural disasters which poses the greatest risk, impact and bearing on the coastal areas of southeast peninsular Spain. Traditionally, the analysis of torrential precipitation events that cause floods has been predominant in the assessment of the factors that lead to this type of catastrophe. At present, despite considering this meteorological phenomenon as the trigger of river overflows, responsibility corresponding to the human factor in the perpetration of the risk of a natural disaster should not be forgotten. This study will ascertain the influence of urban and real estate development in increasing exposure to floods. In this sense, the pluviometric observations obtained in different precipitation events have been counted, mapped and analysed. Likewise, the evolution and development of the real estate portfolio is examined. The information obtained has been crossed with the digital cartography of flooded areas (National System of Flood Zones Cartography, SNCZI in spanish acronym). The main finding of the study shows that there seems to be unquestionable evidence to attribute a good part of the existing risk to the territorial transformation and to the continuous process of artificialization of the soil recently carried out.