From Binary Groups to Terminal Rings

Binary groups are a meaningful step up from non-associative rings and nearrings. It makes sense to study them in terms of their nearrings of zero-fixing polynomial maps. As this involves algebras of a more specialized nature these are looked into in sections three and four. One of the main theorems of this paper occurs in section five where it is shown that a binary group V is a P0(V) ring module if, and only if, it is a rather restricted form of non-associative ring. Properties of these non-associative rings (called terminal rings) are investigated in sections six and seven. The finite case is of special interest since here terminal rings of odd order really are quite restricted. Sections eight to thirteen are taken up with the study of terminal rings of order pn (p an odd prime and n ≥ 1 an integer ≤ 7).

Sustaining Dialogue in Polarised Political Contexts

The rise of populism is a prevalent issue on the political landscape both in Europe and the wider world. Such ideologies create defamatory political narratives and exacerbate already partisan social media spaces. This trend challenges psychologists interested in politics to consider what factors could influence dialogue sustainment in these polarised contexts. The current focus of social psychology research is towards identity-based theories to mediate such interactions. The purpose of this paper is to challenge the idea that identity-models are the only effective means of depolarising real-world, discursive political conflicts. This article critiques identity on the following: (1) Ontological assumptions of binary group oppositionality are limiting and unrepresentative of real-world interactions, and (2) Current identity-based models for mediating are ineffective in highly polarised, real-world contexts. We consider the issue of polarising political discourse from a dialogical perspective and propose the Dialogue Sustainment Theoretical Model as an alternative. The model considers: (1) Citizens as political actors with worldviews, (2) The role of the dynamic & relational positionality, and (3) The influence of chronotopic boundaries on political debate. Whilst we acknowledge identity can transcend polarisation in certain contexts, it does not possess such a capacity in politically polarised, real-world contexts. Instead, we argue for an alternative model which is dialogically-focused and offers a distinctive insight into sustaining dialogue.

Method of nonlinear code multiplexing of a multiphase group sequence.

This paper presents the generalization of the method of nonlinear code multiplexing of a binary group sequence is considered for the r – phase group sequences. A transition to a complex space, as well as using definite integrals, and conversion of the Cartesian chart while turning at a set angle are used to form the r – phase group sequence with a constant power from the multiphase summary group sequence, which consist of the sum of the r – phase information orthogonal sequences. As a result, the multiphase summary group sequences are mapped to the r-phase group sequences with constant power, which contain the information orthogonal r-phase sequences which are a part of these summary group sequences. Analytical expressions of the r – phase group sequences with constant power are obtained for even values of r. If the r is 4 the final formulas of group sequences with the constant power at the odd quantity of the information orthogonal sequences in the summary group sequences is obtained. The method of nonlinear code multiplexing of a multiphase group sequence considered in this paper, can be applied to increase capacity of communication channels with nonlinear code multiplexing.

Distinguishing Alzheimer’s Disease Patients and Biochemical Phenotype Analysis Using a Novel Serum Profiling Platform: Potential Involvement of the VWF/ADAMTS13 Axis

It is important to develop minimally invasive biomarker platforms to help in the identification and monitoring of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Assisting in the understanding of biochemical mechanisms as well as identifying potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets would be an added benefit of such platforms. This study utilizes a simplified and novel serum profiling platform, using mass spectrometry (MS), to help distinguish AD patient groups (mild and moderate) and controls, as well as to aid in understanding of biochemical phenotypes and possible disease development. A comparison of discriminating sera mass peaks between AD patients and control individuals was performed using leave one [serum sample] out cross validation (LOOCV) combined with a novel peak classification valuation (PCV) procedure. LOOCV/PCV was able to distinguish significant sera mass peak differences between a group of mild AD patients and control individuals with a p value of 10−13. This value became non-significant (p = 0.09) when the same sera samples were randomly allocated between the two groups and reanalyzed by LOOCV/PCV. This is indicative of physiological group differences in the original true-pathology binary group comparison. Similarities and differences between AD patients and traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients were also discernable using this novel LOOCV/PCV platform. MS/MS peptide analysis was performed on serum mass peaks comparing mild AD patients with control individuals. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that cell pathways/biochemical phenotypes affected in AD include those involving neuronal cell death, vasculature, neurogenesis, and AD/dementia/amyloidosis. Inflammation, autoimmunity, autophagy, and blood–brain barrier pathways also appear to be relevant to AD. An impaired VWF/ADAMTS13 vasculature axis with connections to F8 (factor VIII) and LRP1 and NOTCH1 was indicated and is proposed to be important in AD development.

Dance Rhythms Improve Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Evidence-based practices involving dance modalities found in binary (two-beat rhythm) or quaternary (four-beat rhythm) show that dance positively influences the motor aspects of disease.Aim: This randomized clinical trial aimed to analyze the effect of two dance rhythm (binary and quaternary) on the balance, gait, and mobility in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: Thirty-one individuals with PD were randomized into the binary group (n = 18) and the quaternary group (n = 13). Both groups participated in different dance rhythms lasting 12 weeks, twice a week, for 45 minutes. Results: The binary group showed a significant difference in balance (p = 0.003), freezing of gait (p = 0.007), as well as in the motor aspects of MDS-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), with emphasis on the total values with a score change of 3.23. In the quaternary group, significant differences were found in balance (p = 0.021) with a score change of -2.54 and in the motor aspects of the MDS-UPDRS Part III where the total values stood out with a change of 3.54. Discussion: When comparing the possible effects of binary and quaternary rhythms on the motor symptoms of individuals with PD, it was demonstrated that binary rhythm improved balance, freezing gait, and UPDRSIII. As for the quaternary rhythm, the benefits were in balance and the UPDRSIII. Conclusion: The binary and the quaternary rhythm dance protocols positively influenced the motor symptoms of individuals with PD after 12 weeks of intervention.

The optimization of binary group sequences generated by the nonlinear code multiplexing

This paper presents the challenge of optimization of binary group sequences obtained from the nonlinear code multiplexing. It shows that at optimal element wise methodology for group sequences in a full system of orthogonal Walsh functions, a maximum criterion for the minimum distance of group sequences is equal to a maximum criterion for the minimum correlation response for the information orthogonal Walsh functions which contain group sequences. After a nonlinear code multiplexing group sequences are often contained errors, that makes using this method of multiplexing more difficult. To eliminate this source of errors the algorithm of optimization of group sequences was suggested. In this algorithm some elements of group sequences can be replaced with the opposite elements. Additionally, the algorithm of receiving of the entire group sequence among the nearest group sequences was developed. This algorithm provides considerable increasing of immunity while group sequence receiving unlike the other algorithm of element-to-element receiving in a full system of orthogonal Walsh functions.

Development of PIV measurement technique in turbulent flow laden with binary-size particle groups

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is an instantaneous whole-field measuring diagnostic that makes it feasible to measure the microscale spatial information of the interphase dynamics for good understanding of two-phase flow. However, application of PIV to the two-phase flow measurement is still a state of the art so far. A double-discriminating process in terms of gray level and size of image patterns together with the median mask technique is developed. The test flow is a turbulent air wake laden with a binary group of particles with the mean size of 2.7 μm (representing the carrier phase) and 55 μm (representing the dispersed phase). It is demonstrated that the velocity measurements of both phases can be successfully performed through the combined PIV/PTV (particle tracking velocimetry) scheme associated with the developed phase discrimination method. It is noted that the discriminating capability of the size ratio between the large- and small-particle groups in the study is around 20 together with the mean size of O(100 μm) for small particles, which is the commonly required size for the seedings used in the PIV measurements of airflows, as compared to the size of O(101 μm) adopted in the current two-phase PIV measurement methods.

Examination of mental well-being levels of individuals who are studying at university and who are receiving compulsory physical education according to different variables

The aim of this research is to investigate the mental well-being levels of individuals who are educated in university preparatory classes according to different variables. In the research, a descriptive screening model has been used. The study group consists of male and female participants in preparatory classes at Kyrgyzstan Turkey Manas University in the 2019-2020 academic year. To evaluate the Mental Well-Being level, "Personal Information Form" prepared by the researcher and the data of the research, "Mental Well-Being Scale", a scale -original name being "Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale" -developed by Tennant and his fellows (2007) adapted to Turkish by Keldal (2015) was used. Independent Samples T Test for frequency distributions, normality analyses and binary group comparisons, and one way ANOVA test for more than two group comparisons were conducted to provide descriptive information about the participants. As a result, there has been no significant difference in the answers given to questions such as gender, age and division variables, number of close friends, who help you the most when you encounter a problem, which sport branch you are engaged in, who encouraged you to exercise, how long you spend on your daily workouts, and specify some of your reasons to exercise. However, it has been determined that there is a meaningful difference in the answers given to the question of how long you have been playing this sport.