Waste to wealth: A sustainable circular bioeconomy approach of chicken manure powder for increasing productivity of Lanchester’s freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium lanchesteri)

A biorefinery is ideal because it can combine many processes to produce multiple bio-products from organic solid waste. Moreover, in view of socially rising energy demands and biodiversity conservation, biorefinery contributed as a sustainable strategic tool for the emerging circular bio-economy. In this research objective was to study some techniques to increase the productivity of Lanchester’s freshwater prawn in earthen ponds. The experiment using a completely randomized design was conducted. In six Nattearthen ponds, different amounts of chicken manure were applied to produce different amounts of phytoplankton (green algae). The first pond was control, then, the 2nd to 6th ponds were applied with chicken manure in 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg/rai/week, respectively. The prawns were fed twice daily with 5% of total body weight using 40% protein diet. The results of the study showed that feeding with different densities of phytoplankton (green algae) affected the productivity of Lanchester's freshwater prawn significantly. The highest productivity of Lanchester's freshwater prawn was 566.30 ±4.88 g from the pond applied with chicken manure of 120 kg/rai/week. The productivity of Lanchester’s freshwater prawn applied with 90, 30, 60, 150 and 0 kilograms/rai/week of chicken manure was 416.53 ± 9.89, 295.43 ± 5.46, 281.13 ± 4.63, 275.39±4.78 and 265.86 ±4.79 g, respectively. In conclusion, the effect of different densities of phytoplankton (green algae) increased the productivity of Lanchester's freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium lanchesteri).

The Invasive of Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911) from Watershed in Palangkaraya University, Kalimantan, Indonesia

Freshwater prawn species Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911) in Kalimantan for the first time was reported to be found only in East Kalimantan and there have been no reports of this species being found in Central Kalimantan. This study aims to reveal the presence of invasive freshwater prawn and habitat characteristics found in the watershed of Palangka Raya University. This study was conducted in October–November 2019 covering five stations. Specimens were collected using a purposive sampling method. Environmental parameter measurements were made including types of substrate, water velocity, tree cover, water depth as well as width. The identification of specimens from the watershed of Palangka Raya University based on morphological characteristics shown that the species very similar to the alien freshwater prawn, M. lanchesteri. Based on the results of research, this report has revealed the presence of this invasive species in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Inventarisasi Udang Air Tawar di Sungai Toranda, Palolo, Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi udang air tawar yang terdapat di Sungai Toranda, Palolo, Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia. Koleksi dilakukan menggunakan electric fishing, jaring tangan, dan tangan kosong. Hasil identifikasi sampel di Laboratorium Biodiversity Fakultas MIPA Universitas Tadulako menunjukan bahwa terdapat dua spesies udang air tawar di sungai tersebut yaitu Caridina sulawesi Cai & Ng, 2009 dan Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911). Penemuan C. sulawesi di Sungai Toranda mengungkapkan distribusi yang lebih luas dari spesies ini, yang sebelumnya diketahui hanya terdistribusi di Maros Sulawesi Selatan dan Poboya Sulawesi Tengah. Spesies lain yang ditemukan adalah M. lanchesteri yang merupakan udang air tawar introduksi, sehingga keberadaannya di Sungai Toranda diduga terbawa secara tidak sengaja oleh kegiatan perikanan air tawar di sekitar Sungai Toranda. Penemuan kedua spesies ini merupakan laporan baru untuk Palolo Sulawesi Tengah

Deriving Freshwater Quality Criteria for Iron, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc for Protection of Aquatic Life in Malaysia

Freshwater quality criteria for iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) were developed with particular reference to aquatic biota in Malaysia, and based on USEPA’s guidelines. Acute toxicity tests were performed on eight different freshwater domestic species in Malaysia which wereMacrobrachium lanchesteri(prawn), two fish:Poecilia reticulataandRasbora sumatrana, Melanoides tuberculata(snail),Stenocypris major(ostracod),Chironomus javanus(midge larvae),Nais elinguis(annelid), andDuttaphrynus melanostictus(tadpole) to determine 96 h LC50values for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn. The final acute value (FAV) for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn were 74.5, 17.0, 165, and 304.9 μg L−1, respectively. Using an estimated acute-to-chronic ratio (ACR) of 8.3, the value for final chronic value (FCV) was derived. Based on FAV and FCV, a criterion maximum concentration (CMC) and a criterion continuous concentration (CCC) for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn that are 37.2, 8.5, 82.5, and 152.4 μg L−1and 9.0, 2.0, 19.9, and 36.7 μg L−1, respectively, were derived. The results of this study provide useful data for deriving national or local water quality criteria for Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn based on aquatic biota in Malaysia. Based on LC50values, this study indicated thatN. elinguis, M. lanchesteri, N. elinguis,andR. sumatranawere the most sensitive to Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn, respectively.