SIGNS OF SUCETTABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH EXTRINSIC FACTORS TO FUNGAL INFECTION BY THE GENUS SPOROTHRIX SPP.

Objective: To evaluate the susceptibility to infection by the genus sporothrix spp.; targeting patients with immunosuppression due to the use of inadequate medication, seropositive patients (carriers of Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome – HIV) and alcoholics dependents. Method: This is an integrative review of the literature available in the PUBMED database, using the descriptors: “Sporotrichosis”, “Fungi” and “Sporothrix”, duly registered in MeSH, using the boolean operator AND. A total of 128 articles were found and evaluated and, at the end, 15 were selected to compose this review. The inclusion criteria were: full articles, available free of charge, published in English between 2010 and 2020. Results: Sporotrichosis is clinically characterized in fixed cutaneous, lymphocutaneous, disseminated cutaneous and extracutaneous. Frequently the appearance of disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis occurs especially in immunosuppressed individuals. The four cases evaluated have as etiological agent in common, the genus Sporothrix spp., distinguishing the species, the contagion, clinical aspects and their susceptibility factors. Conclusion: However, most cases of sporotrichosis are related to a dysfunction of the immune system. As well, the unusual cases characterize a challenge to reliable diagnosis and can often lead to a wrong pharmacological therapy.

Obstetric outcomes of HIV positive mothers in tertiary care hospital

Objective: To evaluate the pregnancy outcome of human immunodeficiency syndrome-positive mothers. Method: The prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital, Gujrat, Pakistan, from June 2011 to March 2018, and comprised pregnant women screened positive for human immunodeficiency syndrome. Risk factors and perinatal outcomes were noted on a predesigned proforma. Data was analysed usingh SPSS 20. Results: Of the 74 subjects with a mean age of 29+5.27 years, 63(85.1%) were multiparous and 11(14.9%) were nulliparous. Major risk factors included unsterilized nasal or ear piercing in 70(94.6%) subjects, history of blood transfusion 57(77%) and history of dental procedure in unsterilized settings 23(31.1%). Spouses of 43(58.1%) subjects were positive for human immunodeficiency syndrome, 22(29.7%) were negative and 9(12.2%) had unknown status in this regard. In terms of outcome, 12(16.3%) subjects had spontaneous abortion, 11(12.2%) had intrauterine death of foetus, 6(8.1%) had preterm delivery and 45(60.8%) reached full term and were delivered. There were 2(2.6%) patients with stage 4 disease who died during pregnancy. Conclusion: Human immunodeficiency syndrome infection in pregnant women was found to be associated with poor pregnancy outcome. Key Words: HIV, Pregnancy, Pakistan, Perinatal, Risk factors. Continuous...

Cryptococcus cutaneous: marker of severity in disseminated infection

Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection responsible for high morbidity and mortality in patients in immunosuppressive clinical conditions. The sites most affected by the hematogenous spread after the lungs are the central nervous system and the skin. The early diagnostic associated with a standard fungal therapy is important for decrease the clinical sequelae derived. We describe an unusual situation of disseminated cryptococcosis without pulmonary involvement in a patient with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency syndrome with cutaneous lesions as initial markers of severity and precursory of cryptococcal meningitis. In this case, the authors describe a systemic approach to how an initial skin lesion is key to reach the diagnosis and perform an early treatment avoiding irreversible sequelae.

O enfermeiro e o ensino na assistência às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis: revisão integrativa

<p>As doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e a síndrome da imunodeficiência humana são doenças de alta prevalência, além de ser um problema de política pública de saúde do país. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar na literatura nacional estudos a respeito da formação do enfermeiro docente e o seu ensino por meio de métodos e práticas pedagógicas na assistência a essas doenças. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa. A busca foi realizada na base de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, mediante a combinação dos descritores: Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, Docentes, Ensino, Enfermagem entre o ano 2000 à 2014. Foram encontrados cinco artigos após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão pré-definidos. Observou-se o relato de experiência e a valorização da percepção pessoal e profissional como instrumentos que alicerçam o ensino ao tema pelos docentes de enfermagem. Portanto, sugere-se a ampliação de pesquisas sobre o contexto docente e as estratégias de ensino, pois estudos com esse enfoque são fundamentais para uma percepção reflexiva do ensino em enfermagem e contribui para a melhoria de sua ação como educador.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Nurses and teaching in assistance for sexually transmitted diseases: a integrative review </em></strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong> - Sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency syndrome are highly prevalent diseases. Also, they are a public policy issue of health of the country. The aim of this study was to analyze in the national literature studies on the training of teaching nurses and their education through educational methods and practices in the care of these diseases. This is a study of integrative review. The search was performed in the database Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences. Through the combination of descriptors: Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Teachers, Education, Nursing between 2000 and 2014. Five articles were found after application of predefined inclusion criteria. We observed a report of experience and the enhancement of personal and professional perception as instruments that support teaching on the subject by nursing professors. Therefore, we suggest the expansion of research on the teaching context and teaching strategies, because studies with this approach are key to a reflexive perception of nursing education and they contribute to the improvement of its action as an educator.</p>